Introducing Florida Aquaculture

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Introducing Florida Aquaculture
State Agricultural Response Team
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Introducing Florida Aquaculture

• Prepared by

Kathleen Hartman, D.V.M., Ph.D. Aquaculture
Epidemiologist, USDA-APHIS-VS Denise Petty,
D.V.M. Assistant Professor, LACS, CVM, UF
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Acknowledgements

• Craig Watson
• Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory,
• University of Florida
• Florida Tropical Fish Farms Association

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Learning Objectives

• Describe why aquaculture is a viable industry in
  Florida
• List and discuss characteristics of Florida
  aquaculture relating to water use, farm size,
  commodities and commodity value
• Discuss United States aquaculture imports,
  exports and market flows
• Name the collaborating agencies involved with the
  national and state aquatic animal health plans
  and describe their collaborative roles
• Identify key resources that participants can
  easily access for more information

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Production and Collection
Freshwater Production Freshwater
Collection Marine Collection
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Why Florida?

• Resources are
• here!
• Infrastructure
• Climate
• Water

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Tropical Fish Farms in Florida
Freeze-line
Orlando
Tampa
Above the freeze-line, heating is required
Miami
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Aquaculture Land Use

• 160 farms with sales
• 7-8 ponds per acre of land
• 131.1 acres of water
• Average 1.2 acres of water per farm

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Water Use

• Ponds
• Small (100,000-300,000 liters/pond)
• Mostly self-filling, water table pond

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Water Use

• Recirculating Systems
• Reuse system
• Require filtration

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Florida Freshwater Ornamental Production

• Produced in tanks and ponds
• Over 800 varieties in production
• Livebearer and egg-layer categories
• Many compete with wild-caught equivalents

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Florida Saltwater Ornamental Production
Limited to 2 dozen species, all with strong
parental care, and small spawn size
Requires controlled, indoor facilities except for
live rock
Competes head-on with wild caught specimens
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Ornamental Invertebrate Culture

• Live Rock still dominates
• Value Added Live Rock
• Tank-raised corals (mostly soft)

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Live Rock and Open Water Sites

• Expanded significantly since ban on wild harvest
• Gulf of Mexico and Florida Keys
• State and federal leases

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Industry Statistics
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Industry Statistics

• 2001 farm gate value of 99.5M
• 531 active certified aquafarms in 2001
• 800 varieties of fish
• Largest air freight items are tropical fish and
  aquatic plants

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Industry Statistics

• 2001 Farm Gate Sales of Florida Aquaculture

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Industry Statistics
7.5
Hybrid striped bass, koi, carp, bream,
large-mouth bass
42.6
18.4
Crayfish, eels, snails, turtles, crabs, frogs,
oysters
21.4

• 2001 Florida Aquaculture Products

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Import Export StatisticsU.S. Aquaculture
Imports (Selected products)
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Import Export StatisticsU.S. Aquaculture
Exports (Selected products)
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Import Export StatisticsU.S. Shrimp Exports
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Import Export StatisticsU.S. Exports First
Half 2003

• Shrimp, both frozen and fresh/prepared, up
  slightly
• Oysters, mussels and clams up 19
• Oyster exports up 29
• Mussel exports up 2
• Ornamental fish increased slightly to 4.4M
  (second year of rising exports)

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Industry/Commodity Group

• Crop Groups
• Freshwater and saltwater aquatic ornamental
  animals
• Bait fish
• Freshwater and saltwater food aquatic animals
• Shrimp and clams
• Sport fish

• Commodity
• Producers/farmers
• Wholesalers
• Retailers
• Hobbyist

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Worldwide Markets
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Market Flow Chart for Wild-Caught Fish
Collector
Consolidator
Regional Wholesaler
Wholesaler/Exporter
Importer/Transhipper
Wholesaler/Distributor
Hobbyist
Retailer
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Market Flow Chart for Farm-Raised Fish
Exporter/Wholesaler
Importer/Transhipper
Wholesaler
Farmer
Retailer
Hobbyist
Domestic-Produced
Foreign-Produced
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Interagency Collaboration

• Roles of different agencies
• Private stakeholders
• University/college
• State
• Federal

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Interagency Collaboration

• State
• DACS
• Div. of Animal Industry
• Div. of Aquaculture
• FWC

• Federal
• USDA-APHIS Vet Services, Wildlife Services,
  Emergency Programs
• NOAA-Fisheries
• FWS

Florida Aquatic Animal Health

• University
• UF/IFAS
• Faculty and Staff
• Diagnostics
• Teaching
• Research
• Extension
• Others HCC, IRCC

• Private
• Veterinarians
• Fish Health Professionals
• Hobbyists

• Industry Stakeholders
• Farmers/Producers
• Wholesalers
• Retailers

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Private and Stakeholder Role

• Who?
• Farmers/Producers
• Wholesalers
• Retailers
• Advisory committees

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University-College Role

• University of Florida
• Extension Programs and Diagnostics
• Facilities
• Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory
• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• Non-regulatory
• Education-oriented
• Research
• HCC, IRCC

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State Role

• Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services
• Division of Animal Industry
• Division of Aquaculture

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Division of Animal Industry

• Mission To protect Floridas agriculture,
  including aquaculture, industries
• Enforce animal health regulations
• Protect the state from animal pests and diseases
• Players
• State veterinarian
• State aquaculture specialist/veterinarian
• Bureau of Diagnostic Laboratories
• Test development
• Perform diagnostic tests
• Bureau of Animal Disease Control
• Provide assistance to farmers to control diseases
  of concern

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Division of Aquaculture

• Mission includes
• Enhance the growth of aquaculture while
  protecting Florida's environment
• Coordinate and assist the development of
  aquaculture
• Provide a means of communication between the
  aquaculture industry and the regulatory agencies
  through the Aquaculture Review Council and the
  Aquaculture Interagency Coordinating Council
• Issue aquaculture certificates that identify
  aquaculture producers and aquaculture products
  (i.e., BMPs)
• State aquaculture plan

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State RoleFlorida Fish and Wildlife Conservation
Commission

• Recreational fisheries
• Commercial fisheries
• Stock enhancement
• Habitat issues
• Wild stock assessment
• Wild fish kill investigations
• Research and education
• Prohibited and restricted
• species list
• And much more...

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Federal RoleUSDA-APHIS, Wildlife Services

• APHIS - Animal and Plant Health Inspection
  Service
• Predator control on aquaculture farms

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Federal RoleUSDA-APHIS, Veterinary Services

• Lead agency for aquaculture health in the United
  States
• International exportation of animals and animal
  products
• Laboratory approval
• National Aquatic Animal Health Plan

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The National Aquatic Animal Health Plans Mission
Statement

• Develop and implement a national aquatic animal
  health plan (NAAHP) for aquaculture in
  partnership and cooperation with industry,
  regional organizations, state, local, and tribal
  governments, and other stakeholders

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NAAHP Objectives

• Improve the health and productivity of cultured
  aquatic animals
• Facilitate safe interstate and international
  commerce
• Ensure availability of diagnostic, inspection,
  and certification services
• Protect cultured and wild aquatic animals from
  foreign diseases
• Define the roles and responsibilities of private
  industry and government in health management

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Floridas Aquatic Animal Health Plan

• Emphasizes
• Collaboration
• Continuing education
• Training sessions
• Veterinary involvement

Red Rainbow, Glossolepis incisus
Gold Dust Lyretail Molly, Poecilia sphenops X
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Florida Aquatic Animal Health Plan

• Goals
• Protect, ensure and improve aquatic animal health
• Increase aquatic animal productivity
• Increase profitability
• Harmonize with NAAHP
• Education

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Key Resources

• Florida Department of Community Affairs, Division
  of Emergency Managements Emergency Response Team
• http//www.floridadisaster.org
• United States Department of Agriculture
• http//www.usda.gov
• Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer
  Services
• http//www.fdacs.state.fl.us

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Key Resources

• Florida Tropical Fish Farms Association
• http//www.ftffa.com
• Division of Aquaculture
• http//www.floridaaquaculture.com
• Aquaculture Network Information Center
• http//aquanic.org
• USDA APHIS
• http//www.aphis.usda.gov

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Key Resources

• Safety for Fish Farm Workers, a video in English
  and Spanish, available from the National Ag
  Safety Database (NASD)
• http//www.cdc.gov/nasd/videos/v001401-v001500/v
  001433.html
• Spawn, Spat, and Sprains book by the Alaska Sea
  Grant College Program available in entirety via
  the following link
• http//www.uaf.edu/seagrant/Pubs_Videos/pubs/AN-
  17.pdf

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Summary

• Aquaculture is viable in Florida because of
  water, infrastructure and climate
• Water use, farm size, commodities and commodity
  value characteristics of Florida aquaculture
• Comparisons between United States aquaculture
  imports and exports and the products
  destinations
• Roles various agencies have in the aquatic animal
  health
• Resources for further information

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