European Environment for Biomass Energy:

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• European Environment for Biomass Energy
• Legal, regulatory and technical landscape in
  Sweden
• Lars Roth
• Second Secretary
• Trade and Economic Affairs
• Embassy of Sweden
• [phone]
• lars.roth_at_foreign.ministry.se

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(No Transcript)
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The Swedish Energy System
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Swedens total energy supply 1970-2006, TWh,
Swedish Energy Agency
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Rapid growth in biomass
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Rapid growth in wind power
GW
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1980
1990
2000
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POLITICAL DRIVING FORCES

• Oil crisis of 1973 and 1979 call for energy
  efficiency and energy independence
• Phase out of nuclear power
• Global Warming call for CO2 reductions
• Tradition of bipartisan approach on energy
  policies
• Membership in the EU

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BUILDING SECTOR
Other fuels
Biomass
District heating
Electricity
Oil
SCB Swedish Energy Agency
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INDUSTRY
District heating
Coal
Electricity
Natural Gas
Oil
SCB Swedish Energy Agency
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TRANSPORT SECTOR
SCB Swedish Energy Agency
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Rapid growth in alternative fuels
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Economic and Legal Instruments
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CO2 tax

• Introduced 1991
• Additional to energy tax (introduced 1979)
• Reduce or stabilize CO2 emissions. Tax revenues
• Applies to households and industry
• Industry pays lower rate - competitiveness

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Green Tax Change Reform

• Introduced 2000
• 13.6 billion SEK during 2001 2005
• Higher environmental taxes (CO2, energy, waste)
• Lower income taxes and employment fees

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EU Emission Trading System (ETS)

• Since 1 January 2005
• 2008 2012 (2nd trading period)
• 10 000 installations in the energy and
  industrial sectors
• collectively responsible for 40 of EU
  greenhouse gas emissions
• After 2013 inclusion of airline industry?

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OTHER ECONOMIC INCENTIVES

• Tax credits e.g. for biofuels and renewable
  heating
• Federal Investment Programs LIP and Klimp
• Federal grants for energy efficiency in public
  buildings and solar heating
• Green Car Rebate ( free parking and no
  congestion charges)

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Rapid growth in green cars in Sweden
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Regulations

• Federal Building Codes
• Max. 110 kWh per m2 in new buildings (55 kWh
  if electricity)
• Mandatory Supply of Biofuels at Gas Stations
• Law came into effect at 1 January 2006
• By 2009 all gas stations are mandated to offer
  biofuels
• Mandatory CO2 Emission Levels for New Cars
• 130g/km from 2012 and 95g/km from 2020 (EU
  wide)

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BURDEN SHARE PER COUNTRY
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The way ahead

• 2020 (compared to 1990 levels)
• 10 percent renewable share in the transport
  sector
• 20 percent increased energy efficiency
• 40 percent reduction in greenhouse gases
• heating will be completely fossil free

Vision By 2050 Sweden will have zero net
emissions of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere
while at the same time having a sustainable and
resource efficient energy system.
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Business opportunities
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Swedish American Co-operation
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Memorandum of Understanding between Sweden the
U.S.
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LINKÖPING - FLINT BIOGAS CO-OPERATION IN MICHIGAN
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CHEMREC NEW PAGE CO-OPERATION IN MICHIGAN
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Swedish Biofuels AB
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Energy efficiency half of the solution!
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Win - Win situation

• Since 1990 Swedens carbon emissions have
  decreased by 9 - during the same period GNP has
  grown by 44
• Swedish clean-tech exports have grown by 75
  since 2003 (more than 3 billion USD annually)
• The environmental sector employs more than 50 000
  people an increase by 25 within the last five
  years

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SWEDEN No. 1 Strong all around terrific water
resources and very low pollution and emissions

• Sweden
• Switzerland
• Norway
• 14. Germany
• 27. Japan
• 66. USA

April 14, 2008 NEWSWEEK
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• Sweden is hosting the presidency of the EU
• during the autumn of 2009
• www.regeringen.se
• Questions?
• lars.roth_at_foreign.ministry.se