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Gender Differences

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Title: Gender Differences

1
Unit 10

Gender Differences

Main Points
?. Leading In
?. Text A
?. Text B
? Vocabulary Practice
?. Practical Writing

3
Leading In

Who do you think are smarterboys or girls?
Who should do the cooking? Who should drive the
truck? And why do you believe these things? When
it comes to boys and girls, there are just so
many questions about why we do
the things we do !Maybe if we
start form the beginning, when
were born, we can try and solve
this mystery once and for all!

It is quite clear that girls and boys have
different likes and dislikes.
For example, little girls like playing with
dolls and helping their mothers do housework
while little boys like playing with
toy cars and enjoy playing
ball games. Have you ever
noticed these differences?

Read the charts on Page165 of Text Book and
discuss them with your partner and then check the
choices in the appropriate blanks.
When you finish the checking, youll
probably know more about the differences between
boys and girls.

Lets look at the pictures below and find
out the differences and similarities between boys
and girls

Oh! My God!

-Whats wrong with him?
-I dont know!

-Am I strong enough?
-Oh, Cool!

-La, la, la I am
handsome!
-La, la, la we are
beautiful charming!

Whats your opinion about gender
differences?

Extra Information
Gender Differences

13
Gender Differences
14

To begin our study, take this quiz. How do
you feel about the differences between men and
women?
Answer True or False to the following
questions

l. Females have fewer genetic defects and have
greater endurance than men.
2. The front part of the brain is more developed
in males than in females.
3. Males have a natural ability to handle
mathematics better than females.
4. Males are more oriented toward achievement
than females.
5. Women seem to have a special, natural ability
to take care of children--some might call it a
maternal instinct.
6. Only females experience monthly hormonal
changes.
7. When it comes to choosing a mate, men and
women look for the same characteristics.
8. If parents are extremely strict, the children
will tend to develop more masculine traits.

Male and Female myths
Myth Men have bigger brains and, thus, are
smarter than females
fact womens heads are generally smaller than
males, however, brain size is not related to
intelligence.
Myth Males frontal lobe is better developed
than females so males must be smarter.
fact there is no difference in the development
of male vs. female frontal lobes.

Myth Male hormones keep mens minds cool and
dry, thus they have a clever dry wit.
fact male hormones have no effect on the
"temperature" of their minds.
Myth Females should not be educated because it
drains them of vital (reproductive?) fluids.
fact there is no connection between sex
hormones and fluid levels of the brain.

18
Gender Differences Cartoons
19

Corporate ladders for men and women

I love men in uniformity.

Women's interest / Men's interest magazines

Small rain cloud, lady with an umbrella.

'Boyfriends doing the knowledge...'

'The following program may contain scenes of a
sexual nature.'

------TRUE OR FALSE------------
males are aggressive
females are nervous and timid
achievement is typically a male goal
females tend to fear success and view a focus on
career as being unfeminine
males tend to be more likely to explore novel
environments
women talk more than men
women touch each other when talking more than men
men reveal more about themselves in conversation
than women
men are superficial and focus on a womans looks
women are materialistic and interested only in a
mans income.
women have a natural ability to take care of
children
maternal behavior is a matter of convenience

26
Text A

Why do Girls and Boys Learn Differently?

27
?.Pre-reading Activities

Please look at the picture below carefully
and point out the differences between the boy and
the girl. (This photo is taken outside a science
museum)

28
?.While Reading Activities

(?) Read the text through, try to answer the
questions on page 170.

(?) Language Points
1. do well/badly advance or perform successfully
or unsuccessfully
I hope youll do better in the future.
The company always does badly at this time of
year.
2. on (the) one handand on the other (hand)
(used for comparing different things or ideas) in
one caseand in another case
On the one hand, the income tax increases, but on
the other, the salary remains the same.
I know this job isnt well paid. But on the other
hand, I dont have to work long hours.
3. by the time when not later than
By the time she came, the class was over.
By the time he got there, she had already left.

4. force n.
1) U natural or physical power
A policeman must carefully weigh the force of
each word that he uses.
The force of the explosion broke all the windows
in the building.
2) U fierce or violent use of strength
If you threaten me or use any force, Ill call
the police.
In the movie, we can see that the men in black
protect the earth by force.
v. make (an unwilling person or animal) do
something drive
He forced me to do it.
You can give me some advice but you cant force
me to do anything.

5. assume vt.
1) believe something to be true without actually
having proof that it is suppose
Assuming it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?
2) Take or claim for oneself begin to have or
use
You will assume your new duties tomorrow.
6. perform vt.
1) do carry out (a piece of work, duty,
ceremony, etc.), especially according to a usual
or established method
The doctor performed the operation successfully.
2) Give, act, or show (a play, a part in a play,
a piece of music, tricks, etc.), especially in
the presence of the public
What play will be performed tonight?

7. require v.
1) (rather formal) need or make necessary
Even great musicians require continuous practice.
2) demand by right give an order (for of to),
with the expectation that it will be obeyed
He requires that they should work all night.
8. limit
v. keep within a certain size, amount,
number, area, or place restrict
I must limit my spending.
n. C the greatest or smallest amount or
number that is fixed as being correct, necessary,
etc.
We have to finish the task within the time limit.

be limited to be restricted to
Every speech should be limited to 10 minutes.
Her traveling has been limited to a few French
resorts.
9. fear
n. C U an unpleasant an usually strong
feeling caused by the presence or expectation of
danger
The boys and girls helped put out the fire
without fear.
v. be afraid of
At the time, women feared go9ing out at night.
for fear of sth./doing sth. for fear that
in case to avoid the danger of something
happening lest
Shout the window for fear of rain.
We spoke in whispers of fear of waking the baby.
Or We spoke in whispers for fear that we might
wake the baby.

10. room n.
1) U the chance to do something
Children need to have room to develop their
natural creativity.
2) U space that could be filled, or that is
enough for the stated purpose
There is plenty of room for improvement in his
work.

35
?.After-reading Activities (Homework)

1. Write a short composition comparing boys and
girls. And, to be aware, in your compositions,
of both differences and similarities between boys
and girls.
2. Please read Text B after class and prepare
more information about gender differences in
communication.

36
Text B

Different Ways of Talking

Here are gender differences in language use

Language Points
1. pregnant adj. (of a woman or female animal)
having an unborn child or unborn young in the
body
The center gives advice and care to pregnant
women.
She has been pregnant for 5 months.
2. jump rope (skip rope, BrE) jump over a rope
repeatedly as a game or exercise
Jumping rope is a favorite game for girls, while
playing football attracts most of the boys.
The little girls are jumping rope cheerfully.

3. reflect vt.
1) make clear be a sign of show
His behavior reflects his lazy attitude to work.
2) Throw back (heat, light, sound, etc.)
The willow trees are reflected in the lake.
The mirror reflected his angry face.
4. compete v. try to win something in
competition with someone else
compete with for try to be better or more
successful than someone else to gain something
He is good enough to compete with professional
players for the medal.
Mikes company is competing with mine for the
market share.

5. thus adv.
1) (formal) with this result, hence
This device can filter water, thus making water
purer and fit for drinking.
2) (formal) in this manner in the way stated
Please lend me your bike. Thus, I can get there
in time.
6. command
n.
1) C U an order control
You must fire on my command.
2) (singular) the ability to control and
use
He has a good command of the French language.
v. formally order, or be in a position of
control (over), especially as a military leader
The officer commanded his men to shoot.

7. depend on be supported by, especially with
money
Mary did not want to depend totally on her
parents for tuition.
In a sense what job you will get depends on what
education you have.
8. share
v.
1) have, use, pay, or take part in
(something) with others or among a group
Mary shared a room with
2) divide and give out in shares
His property was shared between his children.
n. (singular) the part belonging to, owed
to, or done by a particular person
Let me pay a share of the taxi fare with you.

9. prove v.
1) show to be true by means of facts,
information, etc.
There is not any solid proof that can prove the
defendant guilty.
2) (linking verb) show (oneself or itself)
afterwards to be
He helped me out and proved to be my best friend.
10. concern
vt.
1) worry or interest (especially oneself)
Theres no need to concern you with this mater
we are dealing with it.
2) Be about
Almost all of his novels concern country life.
n. CU worry anxiety
Protection of the environment has become a major
concern of society.

be concerned with
1) be interested in give attention to
Im not concerned with the program at all.
2) be about cover
This novel is concerned with a Chinese family in
the 19th century.
11. taste
n.
1) C U a personal liking for something
His taste in films is not very dependable.
2) (singular) the sensation that is
produced by a food or a drink when you put it in
your mouth
This cake has very little taste.
vt. Test the taste of (food or drink) by
taking a little into your mouth
I always taste food before adding salt.

12. stage n.
1) C a time or state that something reaches as
it grows or develops
The company is at the stage of development.
2) C the raised floor in a theatre on which
plays are performed (usually the stage) plays as
a form of entertainment
To everyones amusement, the actor fell off the
stage.
13. communicate with share or exchange
feelings, information, etc. with
His is a shy boy who cant communicate with
others very well.
To communicate with native speakers is often a
good way to learn a foreign language well.

Vocabulary Practice

Ex. ? Fill in the blanks with the correct form of
the word given.
1. These (find) _____ suggest that there is a
link between lung cancer and smoking.
2. Usually, too, baby girls talk at an (early)
____ age than boys do.
3. I felt (physical) _____ sic before the exam.
4. He made a (force) _____ speech at the meeting.
5. Two (independence) _____ research bodies
reached the same conclusions.
6. Please dont talk during the (perform) _____.
7. She was among the (leader) _____ of the race
from the start.
8. Who will take over the (leader) of the club?
9. We were ______ (disappoint) when we heard that
you couldnt come.
10. Mother will need (addition) ____ help while
there are so many guests.

Ex. 2 Choose the best item to complete each of
the following sentences.
1. Students are expected to ____ their classes
regularly.
A. present B. attend C. go D. follow
2. I told my class that we should have an open
_____ with the matter.
A. mind B. brain C. thought D.
look
3. They were both ______ in the South.
A. risen B. grown C. raised D.
brought
4. They believe that nerves in the left side of
the brain _____ faster in girls than in boys.
A. depend B. become C. raise D.
develop
5. They drove at a(n) ____ speed of 100 miles per
hour.
A. common B. average C. forceful
D. special

6. Going away to college has made me much more
____.
A. significant B. constant C.
independent D. normal
7. The situation _____ that he should be present
at the meeting.
A. required B. directed C. limited
D. commanded
8. Being tall gave him a(n) ______ over the other
players.
A. force B. ability C. solution
D. advantage
9. It is essential that Jones ______ prepared for
emergency.
A. is B. is being C. was D.
be
10. What he advises me to do is _____ I must keep
on a diet.
A. that B. why C. what D. how

49
? Practical Writing
50

Understanding Writing Signs
It is very important and necessary for us
to learn and understand the signs that are
usually used in public places.
Lets look at the following points about
signs.

Signs form a requirement, a warning, or a
reminder to people in general.
Signs should be short and concise (????), with a
clear approach (????)that is easy-to-read at a
glance (????).
Signs can use words with all capital letters or
only initial capital letters in the notional
words (??), without punctuation marks at the end
of signs.
Often nouns, gerunds, and noun phrases are used
in signs, and sometimes, long sentences can also
be used (for example, the imperative
sentences???).
Sometimes articles can be omitted.