GIS in Water Resources: Lecture 1

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GIS in Water Resources Lecture 1

• In-class and distance learning
• Land and water interaction
• Geospatial database of hydrologic features
• Curved earth and a flat map

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GIS in Water Resources Lecture 1

• In-class and distance learning
• Geospatial database of hydrologic features
• Arc Hydro data model
• Curved earth and a flat map

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Six Basic Course Elements

• Lectures
• Powerpoint slides
• Video streaming
• Readings
• Modeling our World
• Narratives written around slides
• Homework

• Term Project
• Oral presentation
• HTML report
• Class Interaction
• Email
• Chat room
• Examinations
• Midterm, final

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Learning Styles

• Instructor-Centered Presentation

• Community-Centered Presentation

Instructor
Student
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University Without Walls
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Utah State University
Dr David Tarboton terrain analysis with digital
elevation models
Dr Tarboton will present lectures on Oct 8-10
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GIS in Water Resources Lecture 1

• In-class and distance learning
• Geospatial database of hydrologic features
• Arc Hydro data model
• Curved earth and a flat map

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Geospatial Database
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Levels of Analysis Relational Database
Relational Linkages
Spatial Attributes
Water Right Locations
Descriptive Attributes
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Spatial Data Vector format
Vector data are defined spatially
(x1,y1)
Point - a pair of x and y coordinates
vertex
Line - a sequence of points
Node
Polygon - a closed set of lines
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Raster and Vector Data
Raster data are described by a cell grid, one
value per cell
Vector
Raster
Point
Line
Zone of cells
Polygon
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How do we combine these data?
Digital Elevation Models
Streams
Watersheds
Waterbodies
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An integrated raster-vector database
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GIS in Water Resources Lecture 1

• In-class and distance learning
• Geospatial database of hydrologic features
• Arc Hydro data model
• Curved earth and a flat map

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What is Arc Hydro?

• An data infrastructure for storing and
  integrating hydro data within ArcGIS
• A set of hydro objects built on top of ArcObjects
• A set of standardized attributes
• A vocabulary for describing data (glossary)
• A toolset for implementing the data model

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Arc Hydro Components
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Arc Hydro Data Model
Hydrology
Hydrography
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Data Model Based on Inventory
Streams Drainage Areas Hydrography Channels
Terrain Surfaces Rainfall Response Digital
Orthophotos
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Data Model Based on Behavior
Follow a drop of water from where it falls on the
land, to the stream, and all the way to the ocean.
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Integrating Data Inventory using a Behavioral
Model
Relationships between objects linked by tracing
path of water movement
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Arc Hydro USA

• Arc Hydro Framework dataset for USA at 1500,000
  scale
• Built from USGS and National Weather Service data
• MonitoringPoints are USGS stream gaging stations

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Building lot
Arc Hydro Applied to an Urban Subdivision
Storm sewer
Grassy swale
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Arc Hydro Framework Input Data
Watersheds
Waterbody
Streams
Monitoring Points
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Arc Hydro Framework
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Hydrologic Cataloging Units (HUCS)
Hydrologic Unit Code 12100203
Guadalupe Basin (4 HUCs)

• 2015 HUCs cover continental US
• average area 1 county

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Arc Hydro Framework Dataset for the Guadalupe
Basin
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HydroNetwork through Canyon Lake
Flowlines through water body
Generic Junction (for topological connection of
edges)
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(No Transcript)
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HydroJunction has Waterbody Relationship
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GIS in Water Resources Lecture 1

• In-class and distance learning
• Geospatial database of hydrologic features
• Arc Hydro data model
• Curved earth and a flat map

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Origin of Geographic Coordinates
Equator
(0,0)
Prime Meridian
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Latitude and Longitude
Longitude line (Meridian)
N
W
E
S
Range 180ºW - 0º - 180ºE
Latitude line (Parallel)
N
W
E
S
(0ºN, 0ºE) Equator, Prime Meridian
Range 90ºS - 0º - 90ºN
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Latitude and Longitude in North America
Austin (30N, 98W) Logan (42N, 112W)
60 N
30 N
60 W
120 W
90 W
0 N
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Map Projection
Flat Map Cartesian coordinates x,y (Easting
Northing)
Curved Earth Geographic coordinates f,
l (Latitude Longitude)
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Earth to Globe to Map
Map Projection
Map Scale
Scale Factor
Map distanceGlobe distance

(e.g. 0.9996)
(e.g. 124,000)
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Coordinate Systems
A planar coordinate system is defined by a
pair of orthogonal (x,y) axes drawn through an
origin
Y
X
Origin
(xo,yo)
(fo,lo)