FINDING THE

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CLOSE READING

• FINDING THE
• NUTRITIONAL VALUE
• THE ART AND CRAFT OF ANALYSIS
• CHAPTER 2

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ANALYZING

• THE DETAILS

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ANALYZING STYLE

• Diction word choice
• Trope artful diction
• metaphor
• Simile
• personification
• hyperbole

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ANALYZING STYLE

• Syntax word order
• Scheme artful syntax
• parallelisms
• juxtapositions
• antithesis
• sentence structure

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ANALYZING DICTION

• Which of the important words in the passage
  (verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs)
• General?
• Abstract?
• Which are
• Specific?
• Concrete?

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ANALYZING DICTION

• Which words are
• formal?
• informal?
• colloquial?
• slang?
• figurative?
• figures of speech?
• metaphors?

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ANALYZING SYNTAX

• Is it the usual subject-verb-object order, or is
  it inverted?
• Inverted syntax
• Usual order, the words are not in, says Yoda.
• Which is more prominent nouns or verbs?

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ANALYZING SYNTAX

• Sentences.
• Periodic the main independent clause is at the
  end.
• Cumulative (also called a Loose sentence) the
  main independent clause is at the beginning.

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ANALYZING SYNTAX periodic sentence

• To that world assembly of sovereign states, the
  United Nations, our last best hope in an age
  where the instruments of war have far outpaced
  the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of
  support.
• John F. Kennedy

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ANALYZING SYNTAX cumulative sentence

• But neither can two great and powerful groups of
  nations take comfort from our present course
  both sides overburdened by the cost of modern
  weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady
  spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to
  alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays
  the hand of mankinds final war.
• John F. Kennedy

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ANALYZING SYNTAX

• How does the sentence connect its words, phrases
  and clauses?
• What is the effect?

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TALKING WITH THE TEXT

• Annotation. Read with a pen or pencil in hand.
• Circle words you dont know.
• Or use post-it notes if you have an emotional
  aversion to writing in books.
• Identify topic sentences
• and thesis statements.

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TALKING WITH THE TEXT

• Look for tropes, imagery and detail.
• Ask questions or make comments on the reading.
• Use the Thinking Options.
• Listen to the voice in your
• head as you read and write
• down what that voice is saying.

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HEY Im talking with my old pal TEX!
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ANALYZING A VISUAL TEXT

• Rhetorical triangle still applies
• And we look at the words
• Individually
• And the way they are placed on the page
• Look at the images in the same way.

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BON APPETIT!