INTRODUCTION TO INTERVIEWING AND COUNSELING IN SPEECH PATHOLOGY

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• INTRODUCTION TO INTERVIEWING AND COUNSELING IN
  SPEECH PATHOLOGY

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I will be citing several sources

• Roseberry-McKibbin, C., Hegde, M.N. (2016). An
  advanced review of speech-language pathology
  Preparation for PRAXIS and comprehensive
  examination (4th ed.). Austin, TX Pro-Ed
  www.proedinc.com
• Flasher, L., Fogle, P. (2012). Counseling
  skills for speech-language pathologists and
  audiologists (2nd ed.). New York Cengage-Delmar.
• Berry, J.O. (2009). Lifespan perspectives on the
  family and disability (2nd ed.). Austin, TX
  Pro-Ed.

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• Cormier, S., Hackney, H.L. (2012). Counseling
  strategies and interventions (8th ed.). New York
  Prentice Hall.
• Ponterotto, J.G., Casas, J.M., Suzuki, L.A.,
  Alexander, C.M. (2010). Handbook of multicultural
  counseling (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA Sage
  Publications.
• Luterman, D.M. (2008). Counseling persons with
  communication disorders and their families (5th
  ed.). Austin, TX Pro-Ed.
• Haynes, W.O., Pindzola, R. (2012). Diagnosis
  and evaluation in speech pathology (8th ed.).
  Boston Allyn Bacon.

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• Chabon, S.S., Cohn. E.R. (2012). The
  communication disorders casebook Learning by
  example. New Jersey Pearson Education, Inc.
• Turnbull, K., Justice, L.M. (2012). Language
  development From theory to practice. Boston
  Allyn Bacon.
• Owens, R.E. (2016). Language development An
  introduction (9th ed.). Boston Allyn Bacon.

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• DiLollo, A., Naimeyer, R.A. (2014). Counseling
  in speech-language pathology and audiology
  Reconstructing personal narratives. San Diego,
  CA Plural Publishing.
• Reed, H.C. (2011). The Source for counseling for
  SLPs. East Moline, IL LinguiSystems.
• Holland, A.L., Nelson, R.L. (2013).
• Counseling in communication
• Disorders A wellness perspective
• (2nd ed.). Plural Publishing.

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• Owens, R.E., Farinella, K.A., Metz, D.E.
  (2015). Introduction to communication disorders
  A lifespan evidence-based perspective (5th ed.).
  USA Pearson Education.
• Hulit, L.M., Fahey, K.R., Howard, M.R. (2015).
  Born to talk An introduction to speech and
  language development (6th ed.). USA
• Pearson Education.

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• Dr. Tommie Robinson ASHA Schools Conference
  July, 2014
• Pittsburgh, PA
• Counseling in Communication Disorders

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I. INTRODUCTION

• A major key to clinical success is dealing with
  the EMOTIONS of our clients and their families.

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Until emotions are dealt with

• People may not make progress in therapy or follow
  through with our recommendations for improvement
• Cone foundation is dealing effectively with
  emotional issues

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We cant just skim over our clients emotional
issues
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Robinson, 2014
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Owens, Farinella, Metz (2015)

• A person with a communication disorder may
  experience a host of feelings such as anger,
  depression, shame, embarrassment, and inadequacy

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DiLollo Naimeyer, 2014

• World Health Organization (WHO) has a health
  classification system
• International Classification of Functioning,
  Disability, and Health (ICF)

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ICF proposes
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Haynes Pindzola, 2012, pp. 45-46

• There is an unfortunate tradition of sweetness
  and light in client counseling. A person has a
  problem. The person is sad and depressed, and we
  try to cheer that person up. Sometimes this
  degenerates into a debate, with the interviewer
  trying to persuade the person not to feel
  miserable. A person who feels depressed, anxious,
  and fearful does not want to count his or her
  blessings.

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Haynes Pindzola (2012 continued)

• That person wants you to feel miserable too, and
  to share and identify with him or her on the same
  level. Thus, you are given a basis for
  communicationstart with where the person isand
  agree that it is a sad state of affairs that
  would make anyone sad and depressed. Then, using
  this bondyou can assist in solving the problem.
  The main ingredient is empathy.

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• B. Counseling by
• 1. Informing
• 2. Persuading
• 3. Listening and Valuinghelp clients become
  congruent

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1. Informing

• Medical model information-based
• Luterman 2008, p. 1 .we adopt an attitude of
  detached concern and proceed to control the
  clinical interaction by delivering set speeches.
• Usually we give the diagnosis and then
  suggestions for what clients and families can do

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A problem with this is that
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A favorite quote from Maya Angelou
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2. Persuading

• Counseling by persuasion--poor approach--clients
  do not own their behavior
• The professional takes the responsibility for the
  decision, not the client
• People often dont follow through because the
  decision has not come from inside them

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3. Helping clients become congruent
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For clients who are feeling a lot of emotion
(e.g., anger, sorrow)
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For example (Chabon Cohn, 2012)
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II. OBTAINING INFORMATION

• A. Case History Questionnaires
• Ideally, we can read these and think about
  clients before they come
• Saves time during the first interview makes you
  seem prepared
• I understand from this form that...can you tell
  me more about that?

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Some limitationspeople may not fill out the form
accurately because they dont
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B. Observation

• 1. Spectator observation
• The observer is physically apart from the client
  (e.g., one-way mirror)
• 2. Participant observation
• We are in there with the person

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C. Interviews

• 1. Introduction
• An interview is a serious conversation between
  two parties conducted for one or more important
  purposes.
• There is 1) a purpose, and 2) a plan of action,
  and 3) good communication

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• 2. Information-getting interview we need both
  objective and subjective info.
• Subjective infohow the client feels about the
  problem
• 3. Information-giving (more later)

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Asha Leader (Margolis) Boosting Memory with
Informational Counseling
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(No Transcript)
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Factors interfering with retention of information
included
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Help people remember info by
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In addition

• Make recommendations specific rather than general
  
• E.g. Have your child read a list of 10 /r/ words
  once a day instead of have your child practice
  at home
• Say to the person If you were to explain this to
  , what would you say?

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The very best thing

• Provide info in writing
• Use clear, easy-to-read, illustrated materials
• Provide materials in patients primary language
  use an interpreter if necessary

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III. INITIAL STAGES OF COUNSELING

• 1. Making personal contact
• 2. Explaining the process
• 3. Providing realistic hope for improvement
• 4. Planning for termination

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IV. TERMINATING THERAPY
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3. Say something like

• Im glad weve been able to work together. I
  think that perhaps, at this time, due to ZYZ
  reason, continued therapy is not the best use of
  your time and money.
• I think you might be happier/better served by
  ------ person/facility.

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4. Have List of other Resources

• Phone numbers
• Websites
• Etc.!

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Berry (2009) states that
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Roseberry-McKibbin Hegde 2016
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Robinson, 2014what is outside our scope of
practice (make referrals)
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In conclusion

• No matter how much we want to stay clinical and
  fact-based.
• It is important to address the emotional, human
  side for our clients and their families