The American Revolution

1
The American Revolution
2
Are You a Loyalist or Patriot?YOU DECIDE
3
Theres a New School In Town

• Westside High School
• All school rules will apply PLUS
• Any referral will result in a 100.00 fine (tax).
• Any D or F gained in a class will require
  Saturday school AND summer school plus a fine of
  25 per D or F PER semester.
• Paper fee/tax for papers
• Cell phones and iPods will be confiscated and
  crushed.
• One fight will result in immediate expulsion

• Anderson Democratic Charter High School
• Student will vote on new school policies.
• Students will not be fined for Ds or Fs.
• There will be no AP or honors courses.
• There will be no sports programs.

4
ROLE Loyal New School WHY??
Athlete scholarship potential
Top 10 of Class
Average Student No extracurriculars
Good student Mom is on the School Board
Rebel many referrals
Class President
5
I. Loyalist or Patriot?
6
Loyalist or Patriot?

• Gentlemen may cry, Peace, Peace-- but there is
  no peace. The war is actually begun! The next
  gale that sweeps from the north will bring to our
  ears the clash of resounding arms! Our brethren
  are already in the field! Why stand we here idle?
  What is it that gentlemen wish? What would they
  have? Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to
  be purchased at the price of chains and slavery?
  Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course
  others may take but as for me, give me liberty
  or give me death!
• (P. Henry)

7
Loyalist or Patriot?

• "If I must be enslaved, let it be by a KING at
  least, and not by a parcel of upstart, lawless
  Committeemen. If I must be devoured, let me be
  devoured by the jaws of a lion, and not gnawed to
  death by rats and vermine". (S. Seabury)

8
ROLE PATRIOT? LOYALIST?
FARMER
ROYAL GOVERNOR
MERCHANT
BLACKSMITH
TAX COLLECTOR
SLAVE
9
II. The Road to War

• Terms to Know
• Minutemen a small hand-picked elite force which
  were required to be highly mobile and able to
  assemble quickly. Usually about one quarter of
  the militia served as Minutemen, performing
  additional duties as such. The Minutemen were the
  first armed militia to arrive or await a battle.
• Militia men in arms formed to protect their
  towns from foreign invasion.

10
Terms to Knowcontinued

• Sons of Liberty formed to protect the rights of
  the colonists, radicals, secret society, headed
  by Samuel Adams The Father of Independence

11
II. The Road to War

• 1754-1763 The French and Indian War
• Cost Great Britain a lot of money, they amassed a
  huge debt

• 1764 The Sugar Act
• Britain taxed the colonist when they imported
  sugar or molasses

• 1765 The Stamp Act
• Britain taxed the colonist for printed
  documentsmagazines, legal documents, newspapers,
  etc

12
II. The Road to War

• 1765 The Quartering Act
• The Kings troops/military could be quartered in
  colonists homes

• 1770 Boston Massacre
• British soldiers killed unarmed civilians in
  Boston
• The Boston Massacre

• 1773 The Tea Act
• Britain taxed the colonist for imported tea

13
II. The Road to War

• 1773 The Boston Tea Party
• Sons of Liberty and Samuel Adams throw cartons of
  Britains tea into the Boston Harbor

• 1774 March-June The Intolerable Acts issued
• Boston Port Act, Administration of Justice Act,
  Massachusetts Government Act, Quartering Act of
  1774, Quebec Act

• 1774 Sept-October First Continental Congress
• Delegates met to discuss grievances, decided to
  stop using British goods

14
II. The Road to War

• 1775 Lexington and Concord
• Shot heard round the world
• Minutemen and Red Coats fight in Massachusetts

1776 July 8 The Declaration of Independence is
read publicly Voting and Reading of the DOI
NO TURNING BACKFULL BLOWN WAR
15
A. The Declaration of Independence

• Author Thomas Jefferson
• Inspirations John Locke, Voltaire, Rousseau, and
  other philosophes
• Locke declared that people have a right to rebel
  against an unjust ruler
• Reason King George III refused to give the
  colonists the same rights as the people in
  Britain (No taxation without representation!)

16
Puzzle HandoutDeclaration of Independence and
the Boston Tea Party
17
II. Key Things to Know about the American
Revolution

• A. The Basics
• United States fighting for freedom FROM
  __________________?
• Main military leader of the US?
• Leader of England?

18
B. Notable People Fighting for American Freedom

• a. Daniel Morgan
• Morgans Riflemen and guerilla warfare
• Tactics Kill the Indian guides and pick off the
  officers
• Created chaos in the British military

19
(No Transcript)
20
B. Notable People Fighting for American Freedom

• b. Thomas Sumter
• The Gamecock or Carolina Gamecock
• Small man but incredibly fierce fighter (hence
  the nickname)
• He will give oath not to fight (after British
  capture of Charleston) changes his mind after his
  home is burnt down by Banastre Tarletons troops

21
B. Notable People Fighting for American Freedom

• c. Andrew Pickens
• At the Battle of Cowpens, Brig. General Daniel
  Morgan gave Pickens command of the militia, which
  played a key role in the battle. On the evening
  of January 16, Morgan personally instructed the
  militia to hold its ground while firing two
  rounds and then retreat. On the morning of
  January 17, Pickens and the militia carried out
  the plan perfectly, which led Lt. Colonel
  Banastre Tarleton and British to believe that the
  militia was fleeing. The British blindly charged
  ahead and were drawn into a double flanking and
  soundly defeated.

22
B. Notable People Fighting for American Freedom

• d. Francis Marion
• sly, used swamps to escape the British
• Guerilla warfare
• Swamp Fox
• Tarleton--as for this damned old fox, the Devil
  himself could not catch him.

23
C. Notable People Fighting AGAINST American
Freedom(on Englands side)

• a. Bloody Ban (Banastre Tarleton)
• Known for his ruthlessnessdubbed this by the
  American patriot colonists (England today still
  claims hes not nearly as ruthless as the
  colonists claimed)
• Men were known as Tarletons Raiders or the Green
  Dragoons (because of their green uniforms)

24
C. Notable People Fighting AGAINST American
Freedom(on Englands side)

• b. Charles Cornwallis
• Leader (officer) of British Army
• Embarrassed by his defeat when he was forced to
  surrender at Yorktown
• So embarrassed, had another officer bring his
  sword (symbol of surrender)
• French had blockaded Yorktown Harbor, so
  Cornwallis and his men could not escape to the
  ocean

25
The American Revolution Clips

1. No More King!

26
III. Forming of a Government Terms

• Framer One of the people who wrote the U.S.
  Constitution
• Confederation loose alliance of states
• Constitution The law of the United States,
  framed in 1787, ratified in 1789, and variously
  amended since then
• Amend to change for the better, improve
• Ratify to sign or give formal consent, to make
  valid

27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)
29
Outcome of the Warand the Forming of an
American Government

• REFER TO PAIRING ACTIVITY
• )

30
Answers

• 1. In 1781, a constitution known as the
  ____________________________________________ was
  created. This established the USA as a republic.
  What is a republic?
• Articles of Confederation
• Republic government where citizens rule through
  elected representatives

31
(No Transcript)
32
(No Transcript)
33

• 2. This new national government was
  ______________ not strong. The US did not
  originally follow checks and balances and only
  had one branch of government, the
  _______________. They left out the executive and
  ________________ branches. This was flawed
  because each state had only representative no
  matter what the size of the state. Passing laws
  was also super difficult and required _________
  of ________ votes.
• Weak
• Congress
• Judicial
• 9 of 13

34

• 3. Under the Articles of Confederation, the
  Congress could do what three things?
• Declare war, enter into treaties and coin money
• 4. What two things could it not do?
• Collect taxes or regulate trade

35

• 5. Finally, seeing the Articles needed revision
  and the national government should be stronger,
  Congress approved a ____________ so that the
  Articles of Confederation could be revised.
• Constitutional Convention
• 6. Whose political theories were these delegates
  familiar with?
• Locke, Montesquieu and Rousseau

36

• 7. Four months of debating would pass, but using
  political ideas of the ________, they finally
  created a new system of government and created
  the Constitution of the United States. Like
  _________, they distrusted a strong __________
  government controlled by one person or one group
  of persons. Because of this they created ______
  separate branches. What were these branches?
• Enlightenment
• Montesquieu
• Central
• Three
• Legislative, executive, judicial

37

• 8. Because of the three branches, what was also
  instituted as a result?
• Checks and balances
• 9. What is a federal system of government?
• Power is divided between national and state
  governments
• Breaking News--Constitutional Convention OVER

38

• 10. In order for the Constitution to become law
  ____ of 13 states had to approve. This was
  problematic because ________ feared that the
  Constitution gave the central government too much
  power. They felt that a bill of __________ would
  help protect the rights of ___________.
  Federalists supported the ____________ and felt
  the new government would bring better balance
  between national and state powers, but they
  promised to add a ________ to the Constitution.
• 9
• Antifederalists
• Rights
• Individual citizens
• Bill of Rights

39

• 11. What is the name of the first 10 amendments
  of the Constitution?
• Bill of Rights
• 12. What are some of the rights provided by these
  first 10 amendments?
• Freedom of speech, press, assembly and religion
• 13. These rights were advocated by which
  Enlightenment thinkers?
• Voltaire, Rousseau and Locke

40
IV. The Bill of Rights

• Amendment 1 Freedom of speech, press, religion,
  and assembly/petition
• Amendment 2 Right to bear arms
• Amendment 3 No quartering of troops in homes
• Amendment 4 No unreasonable searches or seizures
• Amendment 5 Right to due process of law, freedom
  from double jeopardy.
• Amendment 6 Right to a speedy public trial and
  witnesses
• Amendment 7 Right to trial by jury in civil
  cases
• Amendment 8 Freedom from excessive bail and
  cruel and unusual punishment
• Amendment 9 Citizens have other rights not
  listed in the Constitution and they will not be
  restricted
• Amendment 10 Power is reserved to the states