How Do People Behave in Crowds?

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How Do People Behave in Crowds?
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Social Facilitation

• An increase in performance in the presence of a
  crowd.

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Social Inhibition

• A decrease in performance in the presence of a
  crowd.

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Deindividuation

• Increased tendency for subjects to behave
  irrationally when there is less chance of being
  personally identified.

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Bystander Effect

• To feel inhibited from taking action because of
  the presence of others.

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• Pluralistic Ignorance You assume nothing is
  wrong because no one else is acting concerned.
• Social proof - When unable to determine the
  appropriate mode of behavior you assume
  surrounding people possess more knowledge about
  the situation and react based on their behavior

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Factors that reduce the bystander effect

• A. Bystanders know one another.
• B. Witnesses have special bond to the victim.
• C. Bystanders think that the victim is especially
  dependent on them.
• D. Bystanders have considerable training in
  emergency intervention.
• E. Witnesses have knowledge of the bystander
  effect.

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Informational Influence Theory

• Using the reactions of others to judge the
  seriousness of the situation.

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Diffusion responsibility The presence of others
cause you to feel less responsibility therefore
less likely to take action.
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Why Do We Join Groups?
Socially Oriented groups Members that are
primarily concerned about maintaining social
relationships within the group
Social comparison theory A need to compare
ourselves to others (measure the correctness of
our attitudes and beliefs)
Task-oriented groups Members who have specific
duties to complete
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Group Dynamics
Group Cohesion group togetherness, sharing common
attributes.
Group Norms- formal or informal rules about how
group members should behave.