Unit Two

1
Unit Two

• Key to Exercises

2
The answers to the questions on the text.

• 1. Can you name some capitals and describe their
  characteristics?
• Yes. Paris reminds people of pleasure and
  gaiety, Athens is where the Olympic Games
  originated, and Beijing is rich in historical and
  cultural heritage, to name only a few.
• 2. What causes the destruction of cities?
• Earthquakes, fires, wars and diseases have all
  had their share in the destruction of cities.

3

• 3. What is special about Rome?
• It is full of the glory of the past.
• 4. What is the main idea of this paragraph?
• Cities have their own peculiar qualities or
  characteristics like men.
• 5. What makes a capital city international?
• The close relationship with other countries
  often makes a capital city international.

4
I. Read the text again and complete the
statements.

• 1. Write out the capital cities of the following
  countries
• USA, Washington Britain, London Canada,
  Ottawa Australia, Canberra New Zealand,
  Wellington.
• 2. Earthquakes, fires, wars and diseases all have
  played a part in destroying some wonders of the
  world.

5

• 3. Each city has its own peculiar qualities.
• 4. Being the center of government and power, a
  capital city has its advantages over other
  cities.
• 5. The life of a city can be influenced not only
  by the local inhabitants, but also by visitors
  from foreign countries and regions.

6
II. Fill in the blanks with words or phrases from
the Vocabulary Snapshot. Change the forms if
necessary.

• 1. The rainforest in Brazil is spoken of as the
  biggest one remaining in the world.
• 2. They levelled all the old buildings to make
  way for the road.
• 3. They sent several policemen to guard the
  meeting room.

7

• 4. The government has tried dozens of approaches
  to prevent the old city from decaying.
• 5. Through science we've got the idea of
  associating progress with research.
• 6. This kind of cooking is peculiar to Southwest
  China.

8

• 7. Walkways(??), flowerbeds(??) and grassland(??)
  are laid out in the neighbourhood.
• 8. He ranks as the highest authority on English
  literature there.
• 9. In the 18th century many writers imitated the
  language of Shakespeare.
• 10. Can you imagine how she felt when she knew
  she had failed?

9
III. Complete the sentences with the proper forms
of the words given in parentheses.

• 1. Our country has grown richer because of
  growing (commercial) commerce with other nations.
• 2. Among those (presence) present at the meeting
  were some foreign experts.
• 3. It is really surprising that his (imitate)
  imitation of that singer could be almost perfect.

10

• 4. In most Middle East countries, politics has
  close (associate) association with religion.
• 5. Though only a college student then, Nicholson
  was filled with the (ambitious) ambition to
  become famous one day.
• 6. He was absorbed in the (glory) glorious
  memories of his championship-winning days.

11

• 7. My father wanted me to become a (profession)
  professional doctor, but he felt disappointed in
  the end.
• 8. People agreed that Kublai Khan(???) was one
  of the most outstanding (empire) emperors in
  ancient China.
• 9. Long before I went there, Africa was alive
  in my (imagine) imagination.
• 10. During our visit to the USA, we had a
  (wonder) wonderful time in the Disney World.

12
IV. Translate the Chinese into English.

• 1. ?????????????? (lay out)
• I found that the books were laid out neatly on
  the desk.
• 2. ???????????????????? (have a share in)
• We would like to thank all who had a share in
  this project.
• 3. ??????????????? (due to)
• Their delay was due to bad weather.
• 4. ????????????????? (not ... but)
• What influences people is not the past but the
  present and the future.

13

• 5. ????,??????????????? (associate ... with)
• Generally speaking, people often associate
  politics with wars.
• 6. ??????????,??,?????????????????? (have an
  advantage over)
• Tom had a first-rate education, so he had an
  advantage over those children who were not as
  well educated as he.
• 7. ????????????????? (by no means)
• Many students complain that the food is by no
  means satisfactory.
• 8. ???????????????? (all but)
• Their screams of excitement all but drowned out
  the music.

14
V. Make sentences according to the models of
sentence structure.

• Model 1
• ? People often speak of New York as a city of
  skyscrapers.
• 1. most tourists, Guilin, an earthly paradise, a
  beautiful city on the Li River
• Most tourists speak of Guilin as an earthly
  paradise, a beautiful city on the Li River.
• 2. people all over the world, Brazil, a dominant
  power in soccer
• People all over the world speak of Brazil as a
  dominant power in soccer.

15

• Model 2
• ? The existence of a city is often longer than
  that of the empire of which it is the capital.
• ? A city's peculiar qualities and characteristics
  are sometimes those of the people who live in it.
• 1. The air in a hilly region is cooler than the
  air on plains.
• The air in a hilly region is cooler than that on
  plains.
• 2. In my opinion, his misdoings are the misdoings
  of a fool.
• In my opinion, his misdoings are those of a
  fool.

16

• Model 3
• ? Great pride is taken in making the city worthy
  of its rank as the capital.
• 1. a father should do whatever he can, to make
  himself, the name of father
• A father should do whatever he can to make
  himself worthy of the name of father.
• 2. by doing so, he proved himself, trust
• By doing so, he proved himself worthy of trust.

17

• Model 4
• ? It would be worthwhile encouraging other cities
  to imitate the capital.
• 1. make such an experiment at the cost of so
  much money
• It would be worthwhile making such an experiment
  at the cost of so much money.
• 2. for the soldiers, to fight or even die for the
  freedom of their country
• It is worthwhile for the soldiers to fight or
  even die for the freedom of their country.

18
Use the Right Word

• Choose the right word and put it in the blank in
  its proper form.
• 1. able (be able to), capable (be capable of)
• A. John is the most able man I have ever known.
• B. The room is capable of seating 20 people.
• C. Because I am ill, I will not be able to come
  tomorrow.
• D. The company isn't capable of handling such a
  large order.

19

• 2. especially, specially
• A. He is especially interested in table tennis.
• B. She came here yesterday specially to see her
  parents-in-law.
• C. I had this dress made specially for the
  wedding.
• D. Pollution is very serious, especially in
  urban areas.

20

• 3. compare, contrast
• A. You'd better compare the translation with the
  original.
• B. He compared his car with hers, and found that
  they were very much alike.
• C. In his book the writer contrasts good with
  evil.
• D. The cool weather these days contrasts with
  last week's heat.

21
Grammar Tips

• I. Fill in each blank with an appropriate
  relative pronoun.
• 1. She works in a factory which/that makes
  television parts.
• 2. He has five children, two of whom work
  nearby.

22

• 3. They are short of steel without which they
  cannot continue with the production.
• 4. She is going to fly to Britain where she
  plans to stay for two months.
• 5. There might be some people at the party whom
  we don't know anything about.
• 6. The tree whose branches were newly cut off is
  a rare old one in this area.

23

• 7. Is there a shop around where we can get some
  fruit?
• 8. The professor and his lecture that have been
  mentioned in the papers caused heated discussions
  among us.
• 9. The reason why he was absent from the
  conference is that he was seriously ill.
• 10. The moment when the room became very quiet,
  the teacher began the test.

24
II. Fill in the blanks with the given words.

• Young people often make their parents angry at
  their (1) choice . in clothes, in music, and
  in entertainment. But they do not (2) mean .
  to make any trouble it is just (3) that they
  feel cut off (4) from . the older people's
  world, into which they have not (5) been
  accepted. That's (6) why young people want to
  make a new culture of (7) their own. And if
  their parents do not like their music or
  entertainment or clothes or their way of speech,
  this makes them extremely happy.

25

• A young man (8) once said, "Sometimes you are
  (9) so proud of yourself that you do not want
  your parents to agree (10) to what you do.
  (11) All you want is to be left alone and do
  what you like. This is natural enough, after
  being a child for so many years when you were
  completely (12) under your parents' control."
  To these youngsters, my advice is this "If you
  plan to control your own life, you'd better win
  your parents (13) over and try to (14) get
  them to understand you. If your parents see that
  you have a high sense of responsibility, they
  will certainly give you the (15) right to do
  what you want to do."

26
Reading Skills

• Read the following paragraph and add a topic
  sentence.
• Topic sentence A good listener is careful to
  follow certain steps to achieve good
  understanding of a lecture or speech.

27
Practical Reading

• I. Skim each item. Match the name of the group or
  event to each item.
• ( B ) 1. The Crestown Fire Department
• ( E ) 2. Concert in the Park
• ( A ) 3. The Beall High School Class of 1939
• ( C ) 4. The Allegheny Bird Club
• ( D ) 5. Museum of Radio and Technology

28

• II. Decide whether the following statements are
  true (T) or false (F).
• ( F ) 1. An all-you-can-eat spaghetti dinner
  will be given at the Hilltop Restaurant.
• ( F ) 2. For more information about the antique
  radio sale, call 580-636-2979.
• ( T ) 3. The guitarist and singer Lynn Simon
  will give a concert at the Spruce Street Inn.
• ( F ) 4. During the party of the Beall High
  School Class of 1939, there will be a performance
  by Kevin Dodge, an expert in imitating bird
  sounds.
• ( T ) 5. It is hoped that many classmates will
  be able to attend the meeting of the Beall High
  School Class of 1939 to talk about the good old
  days.

29
Practical Writing

• The following is an incomplete meeting minutes.
  Use the following Chinese cues and fill in the
  blanks with appropriate, accurate and grammatical
  sentences to complete the minutes.

30

• The Minutes of the Sales Committee Meeting held
  at 430 p.m. on Wednesday, 10 October 2009 in the
  Beijing Conference Hall, Yangtze Tower, Pudong,
  Shanghai(?2009?10?10??????430??????????????).

31

• Subject Sales Office Telephone
  Services(?????????)
• Attendee Yue Mengjia (Sales Manager)
• Sun Yuefeng (Office Manager)
• Li Ying (Staff Representative)

32

• Discussion Telephone lines shut down presently
  after 600 p.m. Customers can't get through after
  that(????????????). Office Manager suggested
  keeping lines open until 1000 p.m.(?????????10???
  ???). Two or three extra sales staff may have to
  be employed.

33

• Decision 1. As it was a good idea, there was an
  agreement to have a three-month trial period to
  see if sales figures could cover the extra
  costs(???????,?????????????,???????????????).
• 2. Meeting in 3 months to review the situation.

34

• (??)
• Yue Mengjia Sun Yuefeng Li Ying
• Sales Manager Office Manager Staff
  Representative