Commands

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Commands
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Ud. / Uds. Commands

• To form a Ud. / Uds. command you have three
  steps.
• 1) Take the yo form of the present tense verb.
• 2) Drop the o
• 3) Add opposite endings.

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Ud. / Uds. Commands

• 3) Add opposite endings.
• Ud. Commands
• -ar verbs Add -e
• -er/-ir verbs Add a
• Uds. Commands
• ar verbs Add -en
• -er/-ir verbs Add an

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Ud. / Uds. Commands

• Good news! You follow these rules for both
  positive and negative Ud. Uds. commands.
• You would use an Ud. command when talking to a
  teacher, stranger, etc.
• You would use an Uds. commands when talking to
  more than one person.

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Ud. Uds Commands

• There are 3 spelling changes that occur before
  adding the opposite ending.
• -gar verbs, change g?gu
• jugar (No) juegue(n)!
• -car verbs, change c?qu
• tocar (No) toque(n)!
• -zar verbs, change z?c
• cruzar (No) cruce(n)!

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Ud.Uds Commands

• There are 5 verbs that have irregular command
  forms. (positive negative)
• ir (No) vaya(n)!
• ser (No) sea(n)!
• estar (No) esté(n)!
• dar (No) dé / den !
• saber No sepa(n) !

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Ud.Uds. Commands

• Pronouns are attached to positive Ud.Uds.
  commands.
• Watch out for accents!
• Do it! (la tarea) Hágala! Háganla!
• Buy them! (los zapatos) Cómprelos!
  Cómprenlos!
• Get up! (levantarse) Levántese! Levántense!
• Tell me! Dígame! Díganme!

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- Ud./Uds. Commands

• Pronouns always come before negative Ud.Uds
  commands.
• Dont do it! (la tarea)
• No la haga(n)!
• Dont buy them! (los zapatos) No los
  compre(n)!
• Dont get up! (levantarse) No se levante(n)!
• Dont tell me!
• No me diga(n)!

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Irregular yo forms

• -go verbs
• tener ? tengo
• hacer ? hago
• salir ? salgo
• decir ? digo
• venir ? vengo
• poner ? pongo
• caer ? caigo
• traer ? traigo
• oír ? oigo

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Irregular yo forms

• Verbs that end in -cer/-cir
• Add a z in the yo form
• conocer ? conozco
• pertenecer ? pertenezco
• conducir ? conduzco
• traducir? traduzco
• reducir ? reduzco

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Irregular yo forms

• Verbs that end in -ger/-gir
• g?j in the yo form only
• recoger ? recojo
• escoger ? escojo
• dirigir ? dirijo

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Irregular yo forms

• End in -uer/-uir
• Add a y
• influir ? influyo
• construir ? construyo
• destruir? destruyo

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Stem Changing Verbs

• e? ie -ar verbs
• empezar
• comenzar
• pensar
• sentarse
• cerrar
• despertarse

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Stem Changing Verbs

• e? ie -er verbs
• querer
• perder
• entender
• encender

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Stem Changing Verbs

• e? ie -ir verbs
• divertirse
• hervir
• sentirse
• preferir
• mentir
• sugerir

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Stem Changing Verbs

• o? ue -ar verbs
• almorzar
• acostarse
• jugar

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Stem Changing Verbs

• o? ue -er verbs
• poder
• promover
• volver
• o? ue -ir verbs
• dormir
• morir

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Stem Changing Verbs

• e? i -ir verbs only
• vestirse
• servir
• pedir
• seguir
• conseguir
• repetir
• reír
• freír