Human Geography

1
HUMAN GEOGRAPHY
POLITICAL
ECONOMIC
CULTURAL
POPULATION
URBAN
2
Culture

• The total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors
  shared by and passed on by the numbers of a
  specific group.

3
Put what you think makes up culture in this
circle.
Culture
4
Government
Food
Family Interaction
Shelter
Culture
Music
Language
Art
Dance
Education
Religion
5
Cultural Exchange

Innovation An idea is created EX Hummer
Vehicle
Diffusion The idea is spread EX Military uses
the HumV in the field
Acculturation A culture adopts the idea EX The
masses begin to drive the vehicle for
recreational use
6
LANGUAGE
7
There are between 3000 and 6500 different
languages spoken in the world today!!!

• 1. Chinese Mandarin
• 2. Spanish
• 3. English
• 4. Hindi
• 5. Arabic
• 6. Bengali
• 7. Portuguese
• 8. Russian
• 9. Japanese
• 10. German

8
Language Tree
9
RELIGION
10
Monotheistic

• 1 God
• Christianity, Judaism, and Islam are examples.

11
Polytheistic

• Belief in many Gods.
• Hinduism and ancient Greek and Egyptian religions
  are examples.

12
Animistic or Traditional

• Often a belief in the divine forces of nature
• Native Americans and Paganism

13
World Religions
14
Major World Religions
5

1. Christianity
2. Islam
3. Hinduism
4. Buddhism
5. Judaism

15
QUICK CHECK!

• Hold a number using your hand
• Monotheism is the belief in how many gods?
• ONE!
• Polytheism is the belief in how many gods?
• MORE THAN ONE!

16
Population Geography
17
Population Geography

• Study of the population characteristics of
  different areas.
• Guess what the world population is?
• 6.8 billion
• United States?
• 310 million

18
Population Terms

• Birthrate live births per 1000 of the
  population.
• Fertility Rate Average number of children a
  woman has.
• Mortality Rate Number of deaths per 1000
  people.
• Infant Mortality Rate Number of deaths among
  infants under age of one per 1000 live births.

19
World Mortality Rate
20
Population Pyramids

• A GRAPH THAT
• SHOWS AGE SEX
• DISTRIBUTION OF A
• POPULATION.

21
Population Pyramid
-How can you tell the Congos population is
growing? -Why is there a bulge in the United
States for ages 30-59?
22
QUICK CHECK

• ON THE SIDE OF YOUR NOTES- MATCH THE DESCRIPTION
  WITH THE APPROPRIATE LETTER
• _____1. Infant Mortality Rate
• _____2. Fertility Rate
• _____3. Birthrate
• A. live births per 1000
• B. avg. of children a woman has
• C. number of deaths among infants under 1
  yr. per 100 live births

23
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

• Population is NOT distributed evenly
• 1. climate 2. food source 3. water source
• Push-Pull Factors
• Push- out of an area (centrifugal)
• Environment conditions- drought, flood
• Political reasons- war, economy
• Pull- into an area (centripetal)
• Economy doing well
• Job opportunities

24
Population Density

• Describes how heavily populated an area is
• Divide the of people by total amount of land
  they occupy
• Misleading for a nation some areas are more
  sparsely populated (Think USA and the states)
• Carrying capacity of organisms a piece of
  land can support

People
area
25
Population Density Maps
26
DFW
San Antonio
Houston
27
QUICK CHECK!

• Discuss with a neighbor two things your learned
  about Population Geography
• (YOU WILL BE SHARING!)

28
Urban Geography
29
Urban Geography

• Study of how people use space in a city.

30
Key terms

• The growth of cities is urbanization.
• City Areas with large populations that are
  centers for business and culture.
• Suburbs Political units touching the central
  city or another suburb.
• Exurbs Smaller cities or towns with open land
  between them and the central city.
• Metropolitan Area When a city, suburbs, and
  exurbs link together economically.
• Megalopolis When multiple metro areas overlap.

31
Urban Areas
Exurb
Suburb
City
Metropolitan Area
Megalopolis
32
(No Transcript)
33
QUICK CHECK

• THUMBS UP (yes) THUMBS DOWN (no)
• We live in a suburb of Dallas Ft. Worth
• The main reason cities locate where they do is
  because of scenery

34
Political Geography
35
Nations of the World
State Independent unit that occupies a
territory. Country EX USA, Russia,
France Nation Refers to a group of people with
similar culture living within a territory. EX
Americans, Russians, French Nation State When a
nation and a state occupy the same
territory. EX USA, Denmark, Mexico Stateless
Nation When a nation has no territory. EX
Palestinians, Kurds, and Basques
36
Growing in Number

• In 1900 there were only 57 countries.
• In 2000 there were 192 countries.
• Today there are 195 countries.

37
What is the largest state / country?

• Russia with an area over 17 million square km !
• That is 1.8 times the size of the U.S..

38
What is the smallest state / country?

• Vatican City (Holy See) has a area of .44 square
  km.
• That is less than 140 acres!
• It is also landlocked. That means it is
  surrounded by land with no direct access to the
  sea.

39
There are 195 Nation States. And that number is
growing!
40
Democracy

• Citizens hold the power either directly or
  through elected representation.

41
Monarchy

• A ruling family headed by a king or queen holds
  political power and may or may not share power
  with citizen bodies.

42
Dictatorship

• An individual or group holds complete political
  power.

Cubas Castro
North Koreas Kim Jong Il
Soviet Unions Stalin
43
Economic Geography
44
KEY TERM

• Economy Production and exchange of goods and
  services among a group of people
• operate at local, national and international
  level
• Economic System The way people produce and
  exchange goods and services
• 1. Traditional
• 2. Command
• 3. Market
• 4. Mixed

45
Traditional/Barter Economy

• Goods and services are traded without using money.

46
Market/Demand/Capitalism/Free Enterprise Economy

• Production of goods and services are determined
  by demand from consumers.

47
Command Economy

• Production of goods and services is determined by
  the government. Production does not necessarily
  reflect consumer demand.

48
Economic Activitiesdescribe how materials are
turned into goods or services are delivered to
consumers

• 1. Primary Gather raw materials
• 2. Secondary Manufacture products
• 3. Tertiary Provide services
• 4. Quarternary Provide info management

49
Economic Activities
Quaternary Research, management
Tertiary Teachers, doctors
Secondary Factories, manufacturing
Primary Farming, fishing, mining
50
Economic Support Systems

• Infrastructure is the basic support system need
  to keep an economy going.
• Think about GHSwhat things MUST we have in order
  for school to function properly?
• Power, communication systems, transportation,
  water, sanitation, authority, food supply