Diseases

1
Diseases

• The Good.
• The Bad.
• The Ugly.

2
What is disease?

• How many diseases are there?
• Diseases vs Conditions
• Types of diseases

3
Categories of Disease

• Infectious
• Caused by pathogen
• Communicable
• Usually acute
• Promoted by living conditions/lifestyle

• Chronic
• Multiple causes
• Non communicable
• Persists for a prolonged period
• Treatable but may not be curable
• Promoted by living conditions/lifestyle

4
Disease Prevalence

• Approx. 2.5 million Americans die each year.
• What are they dying from?

5
Top 15 causes of death in U.S.

• Heart Disease
• Cancer (malignant neoplasms)
• Chronic lower respiratory diseases
• Stroke (cerebrovascular disease)
• Accidents (unintentional injuries)
• Alzheimers
• Diabetes

• Nephritis
• Influenza and pneumonia
• Suicide
• Septicemia
• Chronic liver disease cirrhosis
• Hypertension
• Parkinsons Disease
• Pneumonitis due to solids liquids

National Vital Statistics Report, 2010
6
Any trends?

• The good news
• Some bad news
• Top 3 causes of death more than 50 of all
  deaths.

7
Worldwide causes of death

• Heart disease
• Stroke
• Lower respiratory infections
• COPD
• Diarrheal diseases
• HIV/AIDS
• Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers
• Tuberculosis
• Diabetes
• Road traffic accidents

World Health Organization, 2011
8
Oregons top 3 causes of death

• Cancer
• Heart disease
• Chronic lower respiratory diseases
• Causes 4-10 vary by male / female

9
Disease process

• What causes disease?
• Who gets diseases?
• How are diseases diagnosed and treated?
• How does all of this affect us?

10
Background terminology

• Diagnosis
• Prognosis
• Signs / Symptoms
• Mortality / Morbidity
• Etiology
• Idiopathic
• Treatment
• Sequela

11
Disease and Public Health

• Public health approach is prevention.
• Possible?

12
Disease and Politics

• Disease is very political
• Ex US Congress added ADD/ADHD to the
  Disabilities Education Act in 1991.
• Who decides health care laws / policies?
• Who decides funding for disease research?