Title: Residential%20mobility%20and%20migration%20of%20the%20separated%20%20Peteke%20Feijten%20and%20Maarten%20van%20Ham%20University%20of%20St%20Andrews
1Residential mobility and migration of the
separated Peteke Feijten and Maarten van
HamUniversity of St Andrews
2Background
- Housing careers are strongly determined by
household careers, as each new household
situation requires and adjustment of housing
and/or location (Rossi, 1955). - In the 1950s and 1960s, life courses were fairly
standard, and the housing career usually showed
an upward trend. - From the 1970s onwards, household careers and
housing careers became more complex. - One of the reasons was the increase in divorce
rates.
3Crude divorce rates in Europe, 1993-2003
Source Eurostat, 2006
4Divorce and the housing career
- We already know a lot about the effect of divorce
on housing careers - Separated people often move (temporarily) into
shared housing or with friends or relatives
(McCarthy Simpson, 1991) - There is an increased risk of falling out of
homeownership, especially for women (Feijten,
2005) - After separation, moves to smaller, multi-family,
rented dwellings prevail (Van Noortwijk et al.,
1992). - Leaving the marital home after a divorce can
cause severe grief (Anthony, 1997) - Little is known about how divorce affects
peoples spatial careers.
5Why separation may affect spatial careers
- Separation makes moving urgent
- Moves after separation are subject to financial
restrictions (especially for women) - Moves after separation are subject to spatial
restrictions when strong social ties in the old
place of residence remain (especially for
non-custodial parents). - RESEARCH QUESTION How does separation affect the
spatial aspects of housing careers?
6Hypotheses
- Frequency separated people move considerably
more often than singles and people in intact
couples - Distance separated people are less likely to
move over long distances than singles and people
in intact couples - Direction separated people are expected to move
more often to/stay in cities than people in
intact couples.
7Data and methods
- Longitudinal dataset from 3 retrospective
surveys - SSCW survey (1993)
- Netherlands Family Surveys 1993 and 2000
- Data on 4,102 full life courses
- Study population the Dutch population, having
left the parental home and not living in an
institution. - Data transformed into a person-year file.
- Hazard analysis on discrete time data.
- Separate models for frequency, distance and
direction of moves after separation. - Per aspect first a bivariate (or trivariate)
analysis and then a multivariate analysis.
8Analysis part oneFrequency of moving
9Moving frequency
10Relative risks of moving(from multivariate model)
11Analysis part twoDistance of moving
12Distance moved
13Proportion moves over long distance, by gender
and child status
14Relative risks of moving over long distance (gt40
km)(from multivariate model)
15Analysis part threeDirection of moving
16Direction of moves from city
17Direction of moves from suburb
18Direction of moves from rural area
19Probability of moving within the city or out of
the city (from multivariate model)
Moving within the city Moving within the city Moving within the city Moving within the city Moving out of the city Moving out of the city Moving out of the city Moving out of the city
Coef. S.e. Exp(B) Coef. S.e. Exp(B)
Relationship situation (ref first relationship) Relationship situation (ref first relationship) Relationship situation (ref first relationship)
steady single -0.443 0.072 0.642 -0.528 0.170 0.590
separated single 0.528 0.109 1.696 0.434 0.281 1.543
new relationship 0.569 0.165 1.767 1.355 0.346 3.879
20Probability of moving within the suburb/rural
area or to the city (from multivariate model)
Moving within suburban/rural area Moving within suburban/rural area Moving within suburban/rural area Moving within suburban/rural area Moving to city Moving to city Moving to city Moving to city
Coef. S.e. Exp(B) Coef. S.e. Exp(B)
Relationship situation (ref in first relationship) Relationship situation (ref in first relationship) Relationship situation (ref in first relationship)
steady single -0.532 .070 0.587 -0.247 0.209 0.781
separated single 0.615 0.094 1.849 0.908 0.327 2.480
new relationship 0.575 0.115 1.778 0.529 0.465 1.697
21Summary
- Separation leads to distinctive spatial
behaviour. - Separated people
- move much more often than people in other living
arrangements this effect lasts to up to five
years after the separation. - move over slightly shorter distances compared to
singles and people in a first relationship this
is largely attributable to separated men with
children - tend to stay in the residential environment where
they lived before separation. If they change
residential environment, moves to the city
prevail.
22Conclusions
- Results show that past experience shapes future
behaviour. - Living arrangement in combination with
relationship history is a robust determinant of
spatial behaviour. - As more people experience a separation, spatial
careers will become increasingly disordered and
discontinued. - This increasing complexity and differentiation
has to be taken into account when attempting to
understand the functioning of housing markets.