IVF Procedure Day By Day in Bangalore - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Title: IVF Procedure Day By Day in Bangalore


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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

• FortisFertilityCentre.Com

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What is PCOS? Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
is a common condition affecting 6-7 of women in
the reproductive age group. This syndrome is
often diagnosed if any two of the following three
symptoms or signs are present absence of periods
or irregular periods associated infrequent or no
release of eggs every cycle or every month
(anovulation or oligo-ovulation), a raised level
of male hormone (testosterone) with presence or
absence of associated symptoms such as acne, oily
or greasy skin, excess hair growth and presence
of polycystic ovaries (ovaries with many small
cysts of 2-9 mm in size) on ultrasound scan.
Although polycystic ovaries are seen in 20 33
of women, majority of them are healthy, ovulating
normally and not having PCOS.
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What causes PCOS? Weight gain or obThe exact
cause of PCOS is not yet clear. Whilst PCOS may
run in families and several genetic factors have
been implicated with its development, not all
women with a genetic trait will develop the
condition. However, one of the main underlying
problems appears to be insulin resistance. This
means that cells in the body such as muscles are
resistant to the effect of a normal level of the
insulin hormone secreted by the pancreas. Insulin
is a hormone that is responsible for control of
the blood sugar in your body. The resistance to
the insulin effect in these individuals is
compensated by an increased production of insulin
to keep the level of sugar in the blood normal.
The resultant increase in insulin levels in the
blood act on the ovaries as well leading to
increased production of the male hormone
testosterone.
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A high level of testosterone slows the normal
development of follicles or eggs in the ovaries
resulting in an abnormally large number of small
follicles, which remain immature and subsequent
ovulation (release of egg) is hampered. Curing
PCOS Whilst there is no cure for PCOS, life
style and dietary modification may alleviate some
of the symptoms and long term consequences.
Weight loss and regular exercise in obese women
have been shown to improve fertility and lowering
of androgen levels and associated symptoms of
hair growth and acne.
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It also reduces the long term risk of diabetes,
heart disease and even cancer of the lining of
the womb. Even a small reduction in weight of
about 2-5 has been shown to improve the
ovulation and resumption of menses. Dietary
modification such as low calorie diet, avoiding
sugary drinks and also snacks between meals are
useful to complement the efforts to reduce
weight. Small frequent low calorie diet may be an
alternative to avoid persistent increase in
insulin levels, which is the key mechanism for
the development of most symptoms of PCOS (make
your portions small). Daily moderate sweat
inducing exercise lasting for at least 30 minutes
is one of the most important lifestyle measures
to reduce the risks of both the short term and
long term consequence of PCOS.
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