Cranes by Hwang Sunwon translated by Peter H. Lee - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Title: Cranes by Hwang Sunwon translated by Peter H. Lee


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Cranesby Hwang Sunwon translated by Peter H. Lee
Feature Menu
Introducing the Story Literary Focus Theme and
Character Reading Skills Making Inferences About
Motivation
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Cranesby Hwang Sunwontranslated by Peter H. Lee
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CranesIntroducing the Story
Which kind of loyalty comes firstloyalty to a
friend or to duty? What would you do if you had
to choose?
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CranesIntroducing the Story
In Cranes, two childhood friends from a
war-torn village in Korea meet as adults and find
they are on opposite sides in the war. One is a
prisoner the other, his escort and guard.

• The story follows the thoughts and memories of
  the main character as he walks with the prisoner.
  How will the main character treat his prisoner
  and old friend?

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CranesLiterary Focus Theme and Character
Reading a story is often like following a
character on a journey. During the journey,
characters may

• face overwhelming obstacles

• make heart-rending decisions

• learn something about themselves, others, or life
  in general

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CranesLiterary Focus Theme and Character
What characters experience during their journey
often reveals the theme of a work.
What obstacles does the main character face?
Themecentral idea of the story a truth or
insight about life or human behavior
What decisions must the main character make?
What does the main character learn?
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CranesLiterary Focus Theme and Character
Songsam, the main character in Cranes, travels
only a short distance on foot, but the journey he
takes in his heart and mind is much greater.
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CranesLiterary Focus Theme and Character
Ask yourself the following questions as you read
the story

• What does Songsam remember and learn during his
  walk?

• What theme does the writer convey?

• How has the writer used the characters
  experiences to communicate the theme?

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CranesReading Skills Making Inferences about
Motivation
To understand characters fully, you need
to determine their motivation, or the reasons for
their behavior.

• Writers dont usually make direct statements
  about motivation, so you will need to make
  inferences, or educated guesses.

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CranesReading Skills Making Inferences about
Motivation
You can base your inferences on your own
prior knowledge and on clues from the story.
Prior Knowledge Based on personal experience and
other stories youve read, what do you know
about people and their motivation?
Clues from the Story What do the characters do
and say thatmight give insight into their
motivations?
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CranesReading Skills Making Inferences about
Motivation
As you read Cranes, think about why the
main character

• makes the decisions he makes

• takes the actions he does

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CranesBackground
The conflict in this story is shaped by the civil
war that took place in the early 1950s in Korea,
a nation west of Japan and bordering on China and
Russia. At the end of World War II, the country
was divided in half, at the thirty-eighth
parallel of latitude, with Soviet troops
occupying the north and U.S. troops occupying the
south.
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CranesBackground
There had been plans to reunite the country
eventually, but instead, in 1948, a Communist
government was established in the north and a
pro-Western government was established in the
south. In 1950, Communist troops from North Korea
invaded the South. They were opposed by soldiers
from South Korea, supported by United Nations
(mostly U.S.) forces.
North Korean flag
South Korean flag
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CranesBackground
Ultimately the conflict centered around the
thirty-eighth parallel. During the war many
villages along the thirty-eighth parallel changed
hands several times between North and South
Korea. Cranes is set in one such village.
A large number of Korean civilians and military
personnel died during the war, and both North and
South Korea suffered great devastation.
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CranesBackground
A truce agreement was signed in 1953, the year
Cranes was published, and the final military
front line of battle became the boundary between
North and South Korea. The two countries have
still not achieved reunification.
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Quickwrite
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CranesQuickwrite
Make the Connection
Which is worse betraying ones duty or betraying
ones friend? Imagine a situation in which you
were forced to make such a choice. What issues
would you weigh as you tried to make a decision?
Freewrite for a few minutes about this dilemma.
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Vocabulary
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CranesVocabulary
Previewing the Vocabulary averted v. used as
adj. turned away. obstruction n. obstacle
barrier. constitutes v. makes up
forms. mainstay n. principal support. refuge n.
shelter protection from danger or difficulty.
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CranesVocabulary
Vocabulary Activity Analogies Analogy questions
ask you to analyze the relationship between one
pair of words and then complete a second pair of
words. The same relationship must be expressed in
the two pairs. Follow the steps on the next slide
to complete this word analogy. MOUTH FACE
______ television a. entertainment b. living
room c. telephone d. screen
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CranesVocabulary
Vocabulary Activity Analogies MOUTH FACE
______ television a. entertainment b. living
room c. telephone d. screen
screen

• Identify the relationship between the first two
  words The relationship is that of a part (mouth)
  to a whole (face).

• Use a sentence to see the relationship in the
  analogy more clearly A mouth is a part of a
  face, just as a __________ is a part of a
  television.

• Select the word that makes the second pair
  express the same relationship as the first pair.
  Choice d, screen, is correct because it refers to
  a part of a television.

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CranesVocabulary
Vocabulary Activity Analogies
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CranesVocabulary
Vocabulary Activity Analogies Use a Word Bank
word to complete each analogy.
averted obstruction constitutes mainstay refuge
constitutes

• 1. ANNOUNCES DECLARES __________ forms
• 2. SUCCEEDED FAILED __________ faced
• 3. SKYSCRAPER TALL __________ safe
• CONTEST COMPETITION __________ obstacle
• PAIL BUCKET __________ support

averted
refuge
obstruction
mainstay
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Meet the Writer
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CranesMeet the Writer
Hwang Sunwon (19152000) was born in what is now
North Korea. Throughout his lifetime, Korea was
torn by political turmoil, and Hwangs deep
responses to that turmoil are reflected in his
works. Educated at Waseda University in Tokyo,
Hwang has published poetry, seven novels, and
some of the best-known short stories of modern
Korea.
More About the Writer
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