ECOSYSTEM DIAGNOSIS and TREATMENT

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ECOSYSTEM DIAGNOSIS and TREATMENT

• Its Value as a Tool in Developing Escapement
  Goals
• Bryce Glaser Dan Rawding (WDFW)

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• EDT Model Inputs Outputs
• Is the model usable?
• Setting Escapement Goals

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Ecosystem Diagnosis and Treatment (EDT)

• Assesses ecosystem performance using an indicator
  species
• Model links salmon and steelhead performance to
  current and historical environmental conditions
• Salmon performance is estimated through a
  Beverton-Holt (BH) Spawner-Recuitment-Relationship
  (SRR), Productivity, Capacity, and Diversity

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Measures of Salmon Performance
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Environmental Attributes

• Water Quality
• Maximum Temperature
• Minimum Temperature
• Spatial Variation Temperature
• Pollutants in water
• Pollutants in soil
• Metals in water
• Nutrient enrichment
• Dissolved Oxygen
• Alkalinity

• Hydrologic Characteristics
• Diel variation
• Interannual variation in high flow
• Interannual variation in low flow
• Intra-annual flow pattern
• Natural flow regime
• Regulate flow regime

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Environmental Attributes

• Biological Community
• Benthos
• Fish community richness
• Exotic fish species
• Predation risk
• Salmon Carcasses
• Hatchery Outplants
• Pathogens
• Harrassment

• Stream Corridor
• Embeddedness, Turbidity, Fines
• Bed scour Icing
• Natural Confinement
• Channel Hydro-modifications
• Riparian Function
• Large Woody Debris
• Channel obstructions
• Withdrawals
• Min Max Width
• Length Gradient
• Habitat Type pool, riffle, glide

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Salmon/Steelhead Data

• Adult and juvenile age structure
• Sex ratio and fecundity by age
• Juvenile migration pattern
• Spawning distribution
• Smolt to adult survival

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Salmon Performance is measured by the survival of
trajectories Diversity Index
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Comparison of EDT model output with actual SRR
data
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Comparison of EDT model output with actual SRR
data
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Setting Goals for a Desired Future Condition

• NMFS described habitat conditions that do not
  have a negative effect on the persistence of
  salmon and steelhead populations
• These conditions are referred to as properly
  function conditions (PFC) for habitat
• WDFW adopted these goals for habitat conditions
  in tributaries but assumed that Columbia dams
  would remain in place

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Developing Escapement Policy

• Stock Status
• Genetic Diversity
• Level of Risk
• Management Objectives

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STOCK STATUS

• WDFW SASSI depressed
• NMFS listed Wind River steelhead under ESA
• NMFS analysis stock is not able to replace itself
• No directed harvest of listed wild steelhead
  stocks

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Genetic Diversity

• Genetic analysis indicates population structure
  between Trout Creek, Wind River, and Panther
  Creek
• WDFW Wild Salmonid Policy indicates spawner
  abundance goals should be the larger of genetic
  conservation threshold and minimum spawner
  escapement
• Wild escapement managed to meet gene flow
  guidelines between hatchery and wild spawners

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Level of Risk

• How sure are we of the escapement goal?
• Measurement, Sampling and Modeling Error?
• How accurate is our forecasting?
• How well is our in-season monitoring of run size,
  escapement and harvest?

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Fishery Management Objectives

• Remove from ESA list
• Maximize catch rates
• Maximize harvest rates
• Maximize angler days
• Maximize economic benefit
• Full utilization of habitat
• Maintain/maximize genetic diversity
• Minimize extinction risk
• Provide annual fishing opportunity

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Extinction Risk
Genetic
MSY
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MSY
Genetic
Extinction Risk
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SUMMARY

• Empirical data is the best for setting escapement
  goals
• EDT may be useful when data in unavailable/limited
  
• All models are incorrect, some are useful
• Garbage in Garbage out
• EDT is a habitat based model
• EDT identifies preservation/restoration reaches
• EDT identifies limiting factors for reaches
• EDT can be used to develop planning goals for
  some desired future condition (PFC).

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SUMMARY

• Escapement goals are based on policy, numeric,
  genetic, and social guidelines.
• EDT is one tool that can be used to aid in
  establishing escapement goals
• Development of escapement goals should include an
  assessment of stock status, risk, data
  uncertainty, variability in ocean conditions,
  genetic diversity, and management objectives.

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Acknowledgments

• Mobrand Biometrics, Inc. (MBI)
• Developed Model
• Lower Columbia Fish Recovery Board (LCFRB)
• NMFS (Mitchell Act)
• WDFW

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