Chapter 8 Review Sheet

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Chapter 8 Review Sheet

• College Prep

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How did President Jackson impact...

• Allowed them more of a role in the government
• Expanded voting rights to more people

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How did many Americans view the...

• As a wasteland
• They thought the land was useless
• They believed if they moved the Native Americans
  there conflict would end

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Nativism

• The belief that true Americans should protect
  their identity
• Hostility toward foreigners

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Abolitionism

• Two different ideas gradualism and the New
  Abolitionists
• Both wanted to get rid of slavery
• American Colonization Society believed that
  African Americans should re-colonize Africa
• Bought land (Liberia) to send African Americans
  to 12,000 actually were sent there

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Abolition in the North

• Not fully supported
• Looked at as a dividing force between the North
  and South
• Businesses against abolition

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Abolition in the South

• Looked at as an attack on their way of life
• Necessary for life to continue in the same way it
  had

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National Nominating Conventions

• A Jacksonian reform
• Replaced the caucus system
• Delegates from the states gather to decide on the
  partys presidential nominee
• More political power was transferred to the hands
  of the people!

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The Whig Party

• A new anti-Jackson party
• Named after the party in New England that worked
  to limit the Kings power before the revolution
• Wanted
• A larger federal government
• Industrial and commercial development
• Centralized economy

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Prison Reform

• Jails/prisons were crowded
• Inmates of all kinds were grouped together
• Worked toward rehabilitating criminals instead of
  just incarcerating them

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New Revivalism

• Part of the Second Great Awakening
• Rejected the (Calvinist) idea that only a few
  were pre-destined for salvation for the idea that
  many could attain grace through faith and
  forgiveness
• Opened the church up to more people

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Spoils System

• Practice of appointing people to government jobs
  on the basis of party loyalty and support not
  on the basis of skill
• Jackson supported this policy as it allowed his
  friends to be put into political office

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Second Bank of the United States

• Jackson does not support the bank
• Suspicion about the purpose of the national bank
• Regarded it a monopoly
• Played an important role of keeping the money in
  supply

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Irish Immigrants

• Many came because of the potato famine
• Catholic
• Poor
• Discriminated against
• Settled in the cities in the Northeast

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German Immigrants

• Catholic
• Had more money
• Moved west
• Farmers/business owners

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Second Great Awakening

• Religious leaders organized to revive Americans
  commitment to religion
• Leaders of various Protestant denominations held
  meetings to attract followers
• Explained that faith and forgiveness were
  important rejected the idea of pre-destination

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Caucus System

• Members of a political party in Congress would
  meet to choose the nominee for president

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Secession

• Withdrawal from the nation
• South Carolina wanted to secede after the Tariff
  of Abominations
• Tariffs made trade with England very expensive
• Nullification was proposed by Calhoun to avoid
  secession

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Nullification

• States had the right to declare a federal law
  invalid
• Had this right because states had created the
  Union
• Idea put forward by Calhoun

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David Walker

• Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World
• Advocated violence and rebellion
• Popular, influential ideas

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William Lloyd Garrison

• Founded the anti-slavery newspaper, the Liberator
• Caustic attacks on slavery
• Called for the immediate end to it
• Immediate emancipation
• Founded the American Antislavery Society
• Membership grew quickly
• Many women joined

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Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton

• Organized the Seneca Falls Convention to discuss
  womens rights
• The official start to the womens rights movement
• Wrote the, Declaration of Sentiments and
  Resolutions

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Frederick Douglas

• Escaped slave
• Fantastic speaker
• Called himself a thief
• Published an antislavery newspaper
• Wrote the Narrative of the Life of Frederick
  Douglas