PASSIVE HOUSES

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PASSIVE HOUSES
MANAGENERGY THEMATIC GROUP ENERGY EFFICIENT
BUILDINGS
EUROPEANCOMMISSION
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LIST OF CONTENTS
POLITICAL GOALS VISIONS 3
EU BAROMETER WHAT DO THE CITIZENS THINK? 5
STATE OF THE ART BUILDINGS, ENERGY AND
EMISSIONS 6
WHAT IS A PASSIVE HOUSE? 7
WHAT IS A PASSIVE HOUSE? TARGETS AND
DEFINITIONS 9
THE KEY CHANGE BEHAVIOUR 12
THE VICIOUS CIRCLE OF BLAME 13
BREAKING THE VICIOUS CIRCLE OF BLAME 14
CHANGE BEHAVIOUR - END USERS 15
CHANGE BEHAVIOUR DECISION MAKERS 17
SUCCESSFUL EXAMPLES 18
Solanova (Hungary) Oxtorget (Sweden) Portvakten
(Sweden) Wroctaw (Poland) Italy (Cherasco)
THEMATIC GROUP BUILDING MEMBERS 26
THANKS TO 27
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POLITICAL GOALS VISIONS
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• POLICY REQUIRES A FOCUS ON SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS
• Buildings play a major role towards EU 2020
  targets
• Major challenge 20 energy efficiency target
• Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD)
  makes energy use in buildings more transparent
• EU goal for world CO2 till 2050 50 reduction
• The Covenant of Mayors
• ambitious initiative of the European Commission
• gathers Mayors of Europe's most pioneering
  cities
• goal establish persisting network for exchange
  and application of good practices in order to
  significantly improve urban energy efficiency.

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POLITICAL GOALS VISIONS
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• SAME MEMBER STATES HAVE ADOPTED HIGH AND STRICT
  TARGETS SUCH AS
• UK Government has set a domestic target of
  cutting carbon dioxide levels by 26 to 32 per
  cent below 1990 levels by 2020 and by at least 60
  per cent by 2050 (The Climate change Bill)
• Germany has announced a corresponding target of
  40 reduction till 2020. (26.4.2007, Climate
  Agenda)
• Ireland For dwellings 60 reduction in energy
  consumption by 2010 close to Passive Standard
  with an aim for Passive Houses by 2015 or earlier
  (Draft National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
• (For more information click here)

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EU BAROMETER WHAT DO THE CITIZENS THINK?

• SURVEY OF EU CITIZENS IN 2008 SHOWED
• 47 indicated they had taken action to reduce
  energy consumption in their home
• Reduction in home energy consumption was second
  to waste management as a priority for action
  amongst EU citizens
• Passive Houses can assist citizens meeting their
  goals
• (Results of the Eurobarometer 2008 are available
  here)

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STATE OF THE ART BUILDINGS, ENERGY AND EMISSIONS
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• Buildings account for
• 40 of all energy consumption in Europe
• 40 of CO2 emissions in Europe
• Residential sector alone accounts for 31 of all
  CO2 emissions in Europe
• Technical solutions available to achieve zero
  emission buildings
• Buildings with sustainable low energy consumption
  need to move from niche projects to mainstream
• Challenge is bundling technical, financial and
  regulatory conditions to facilitate change

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WHAT IS A PASSIVE HOUSE?
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• Definitions for passive house vary slightly
  between different countries - but they always
  stand for highly energy efficient houses rather
  than for business as usual.
• This general definition applies to this guide
  with some more details provided from existing
  specifications.
• A challenge will be the development of common
  definition which will be applicable throughout
  the EU.

  (See also Intelligent Energy Europe)
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WHAT IS A PASSIVE HOUSE?
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Generically a passive houses design (e.g. super
insulation) enables doing without traditional
active heating and cooling systems. The
buildings air-tightness is very good, whilst a
good indoor air quality is guaranteed by a
mechanical ventilation system with highly
efficient heat recovery.
As shown by Intelligent Energy Europe Project,
passive houses standards are well suited not only
in mid/north EU cold climates but in EU
Mediterranean warm climates as well.
(For more information click here)
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WHAT IS A PASSIVE HOUSE? TARGETS AND DEFINITIONS
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• The best known passive house definitions within
  the EU are
• New buildings (Passivhaus Institute, Germany)
• 15kWh/m2 annual demand for heating cooling
• 120 kWh/m2 annual primary energy demand (incl.
  hot water and electricity)
• Retrofit
• Ca. 30 kWh/m2 annual demand for heating and
  cooling

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WHAT IS A PASSIVE HOUSE? TARGETS AND DEFINITIONS
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• To compare with the latest requirements in the EU
  FP7/CONCERTO III
• 30 below National Regulations for new buildings
• Retrofitting to the same standards as new
  buildings in National Regulations

EU CONCERTO III Eco-buildings
(EU CONCERTO III Ecobuildings)
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SOURCE Passive House Institute
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THE KEY CHANGE BEHAVIOUR
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• The technology to build passive houses already
  exists like insulation, super efficient
  windows, air handling units with high heat
  recovery ability, solar systems
• What is missing? A much bigger number of people,
  determined to do it!

INVEST NOW BECOME LESS DEPENDENT ON RISING
ENERGY COSTS
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THE VICIOUS CIRCLE OF BLAME
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BREAKING THE VICIOUS CIRCLE OF BLAME
Source Dr. David Lorenz, RICS
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CHANGE BEHAVIOUR - END USERS
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N1 STOP WASTING !!!
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CHANGE BEHAVIOUR - END USERS
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Consider passive house helps maintain a good
quality indoor climate and helps avoid the
following risks Excessive internal
temperatures Poor ventilation Bad
odours Excessive noise Condensation leading to
mould and fungi Draughts Dust Excessive humidity
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CHANGE BEHAVIOUR DECISION MAKERS
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• Energy Efficiency Awareness (life cycle cost)
• Commitment (begins at management level)

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SUCCESSFUL EXAMPLES

• Solanova (Hungary)
• Oxtorget (Sweden)
• Portvakten (Sweden)
• Wroctaw (Poland)
• Italy (Cherasco)

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SOLANOVA, HUNGARY
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(For more information click here)

• Hungarys most energy efficient residential
  building
• Retrofit 2006, 42 flats and shop floor, one
  building

• Walls 16 cm, windows U-value 1.1-1.4, on S W
  with very effective integrated venetian blinds,
  real ventilation heat recovery 82, thermal solar
  for DHW 72 m2)
• Cold winters (design temp -13C), hot summers

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SOLANOVA, HUNGARY
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(For more information click here)

• Monitored results real space heat consumption
  (relative to treated floor area), district
  heating
• Year 0 220 kWh/m2a, year 1 39 kWh/m2a, year 2
  21 kWh/m2a, year 3 32 kWh/m2a
• Investment costs 240 /m2 VAT
• Very satisfied dwellers
• Significantly enhanced summer comfort without
  active cooling systems

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OXTORGET, SWEDEN
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• Built 2006, 40 dwellings, 5 buildings (walls 50
  cm, windows U-value 0,9, air tightness 0,2
  l/s,m2, ventilation heat recovery 85, thermal
  solar for DHW (45)
• Outdoor yearly average temperature 6ºC
• Design outdoor temperature for heating -20ºC
• Monitored results
• 8 kWh/m2,year (heating, used area, electricity)
• 67 kWh/m2,year (totally including appliances)
• 30 less Domestic Hot Water than 2 years older
  building

(For more information click here)
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PORTVAKTEN SWEDENwww.concerto-sesac.euLOW
IMPACT IN THE SHORT RUN BUT SUSTAINABLE IMPACT IN
THE LONG RUN
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• Create a feeling, show possibilities, provide
  relevant information
• To change behaviour takes time years?
• Preliminary result -34 electricity

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CERTIFIED PASSIVE HOUSE POLAND
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• HEATED AREA 135,78 m2
• HEATED VOLUME 410 m3
• ROOF SLOPE 40
• HOUSE HEIGHT 8,5 m
• A/V 0,75

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ENERGY PERFORMANCE

• Annual heating demand
• 2035 kWh/a
• Space heating demand
• 15 kWh/m2a
• Peak heating load
• 1,52 kW
• Space heating load
• 11,2 W/m2
• Primary energy demand
• 105 kWh/m2a

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CHERASCO (Italy)

• Original Building dated 1800
• Realisation 10 months (february-november 2005)
• November 2005 Certified PassivHaus standard
• Space heating demandless than 15 kWh/m2a

Passive House CHERASCO
Standard Building
Isolation system/windows
35800
24800
Heating system
20000
30000
/Year (heating-cooling)
320
3500
For more information click here
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Thematic Group Buildings Members
STEFAN OLSSON, Managing Director, Energy Agency
for Southeast Sweden SEAMUS HOYNE, Managing
Director, Tipperary Energy Agency ANDREAS
HERMELINK, Research and consultancy on energy
efficiency, renewable energy and climate
policies LAURA LINDBERG, Communications Officer,
Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors
KATARZYNA GRECKA, Vice President, Baltic Energy
Conservation Agency MICHEL GIBERT, Sustainable
development and Europe Deputy Director, OPAC
38 RICARDO PIZARRO VILLANUEVA, Director, Agencia
Provincial de la Energía de Burgos
(Stefan Olsson, Seamus Hoyne)
(Andreas Hermelink, Laura Lindberg, Katarzyna
Grecka)
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Thanks to