World War I

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World War I
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Competition

• Nationalism and imperialism caused nations to
  compete
• France wanted provinces back that Germany had
  taken in 1870-1871
• Germany wanted a large navy to compete with Great
  Britain
• Austria-Hungary claimed Serbia, Bosnia, and
  Herzegovina, causing bad feelings
• European countries fight for colonies in Africa
  and Asia

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Alliances

• Countries join together in case they are attacked
• Triple Alliance included Germany,
  Austria-Hungary, and Italy
• Triple Entente included Russia, France, and Great
  Britain

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Video Footage
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The War Begins

• The Western Front
• Germany sends troops through Belgium to France
• Plan to defeat France in 6 weeks
• War lasted 4 years and battle lines barely moved
• The Eastern Front
• Russia fighting against Austria-Hungary
• Germany slowly winning

http//wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/262/268
312/art/figures/KISH_26_593.gif
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New Alliances

• Allied Powers
• Italy joins Great Britain and France
• Central Powers
• Ottoman Empire joins Germany and Austria-Hungary
• Lose Italy to Allied Powers

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Warfare

• Machine gun
• Tank
• Poison gas
• Airplanes
• View enemy territory
• Drop bombs
• Fire guns

• Trench Warfare
• Deep ditches dug to shelter troops
• Barbed wire kept enemies out
• No-Mans Land was area of land between trenches

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Turkish trenches at Anzac
http//www.diggerhistory.info/pages-weapons/trench
es.htm
http//www.usgennet.org/usa/topic/preservation/dav
2/pg274.htm
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Battles
http//www.wereldoorlog1418.nl/warpictures/battlef
ield01/slide17.htm

• Verdun in eastern France
• Germany launched attack
• Lasted 11 months
• Over 500,000 casualties with very little gain
• Somme River
• British attack Germans by storming trenches
• 20,000 British killed in one day
• Bloodiest day of the war
• Britain gained little

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Women and the War

• 57,000 served in British Womens Auxiliary Army
  Corps
• Served as nurses on battlefield
• Taught soldiers how to use equipment
• Granted the right to vote after the war ended
• Read about Vera Brittain on page 533 of the text.

http//encarta.msn.com/media_461550997_761569981_-
1_1/Working_Women_in_World_War_I.html
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U.S. Involvement

• Initially, the U.S. is neutral
• Germans decide to use submarines to attack
  British ships
• Germany sank the Lusitania which was carrying
  people and goods from the U.S. to Britain
• Germany sent telegram to Mexico stating that they
  would get land back that was taken by the U.S. if
  they joined Central Powers
• U.S. Congress and President Woodrow Wilson
  declare war

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http//nwoguide.tripod.com/lusitania.jpg
Note to Germany
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End of the War

• U.S. sends many troops to Europe
• Allies begin to turn the war, but many are still
  being killed
• Central Powers give up one by one
• Finally, Germany agrees to an armistice (or
  cease-fire) in 1918