Southeast Asia

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Southeast Asia

• Mainland Countries
• Vietnam
• Laos
• Cambodia
• Thailand
• Myanmar

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Vietnam/Geography

• Southeast Asia, bordering the Gulf of Thailand,
  Gulf of Tonkin, and South China Sea
• slightly larger than New Mexico
• tropical in south monsoonal in north with hot
  rainy season

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Government and Religion

• Vietnam is a poor, densely-populated country that
  has had to recover from the ravages of war and
  the loss of financial support from the old Soviet
  Bloc
• GovernmentCommunist, Socialist Republic of
  Vietnam
• Capital-Hanoi
• EthnicityVietnamese 85-90
• Religionmostly Buddhist, Christianity-mostly
  Roman Catholics

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Communist Government
Christianity
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History

• Ancestors came from china 2,000 years ago
• Conquest of Vietnam by France began in 1858 and
  was completed by 1884
• Became part of French Indochina in1887
• Independence was declared after the WW II, but
  the French continued to rule until 195 4 when
  they were defeated by communist forces under Ho
  Chi Minh, who took control of the north
• Vietnam/US conflictUS economic and military aid
  to south Vietnam grew through the 1960s in an
  attempt to bolster the government

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Ho Chi Minh
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• US armed forces were withdrawn following a
  cease-fire agreement in 1973
• two years later, north Vietnamese forces overran
  the south
• For over two decades the country experienced
  little economic growth because of conservative
  leadership policies
• Continues to experience protests from the ethnic
  minority population of the Central Highlands over
  loss of land to Vietnamese settlers and religious
  persecution

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US-Vietnam conflict

• Civil war between communist north and south
• US aided the south
• US goal was to keep communism from
  spreading/dominion theory
• Vietnamese used Guerilla warfare and entrenched
  tunnel system to beat the more technologically
  advanced US
• 59,000 American lives lost

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Us Vietnam Conflict
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CUCHI TUNNELS
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GUERILLA WARFARE
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Laos/Geography

• Southeastern Asia, northeast of Thailand, west of
  Vietnam
• Slightly larger than Utah
• Tropical monsoon rainy season(May to November)
  dry season (December to Apri)
• Mostly rugged mountainssome plains and plateaus

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Laos
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Laos/History

• Laos was under the control of Siam (Thailand)
  from the late 18th century until the late 19th
  century when it became part o French Indochina
• The Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1907 defined the
  current Lao border with Thailand. In1975,the
  Communist Pathet Lao took control of the
  government, ending a six century-old monarchy

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Culture

• Buddhism 60/government discourages religion
• the government of Laos -one of the few remaining
  official communist states - began decentralizing
  control and encouraging private enterprize in 1986

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Culture

• remains a country with a primitive
  infrastructure/ it has no railroads, a
  rudimentary road system, and limited external and
  internal telecommunications
• Electricity is available in the only a few urban
  areas
• industry is undeveloped because of civil war

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Laos Culture
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Cambodia/Geography

• Southeastern Asia,bordering the Gulf of Thailand,
  Vietnam, and Laos
• Slightly smaller than Oklahoma
• tropical rainy, monsoon season(May to November)
  dry season (December to April) little seasonal
  temperatures variation
• mostly low, flat plains mountains in the
  southwest and north

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Cambodia/Geography

• Southeastern Asia,bordering the Gulf of Thailand,
  Vietnam, and Laos
• Slightly smaller than Oklahoma
• tropical rainy, monsoon season(May to November)
  dry season (December to April) little seasonal
  temperatures variation
• mostly low, flat plains mountains in the
  southwest and north

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IMAGES OF CAMBODIA
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History/Culture

• Cambodians consider themselves to be Khmers,
  whose Angkor Empire extended over much of
  Southeast Asia and reach its zenith between the
  10th and 13th centureis
• in 1863, the king of Cambodia placed the country
  under French protection it became part of French
  Indochina in 1887
• following Japanese occupation in World War II,
  Cambodia became independent

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History

• Had independence under French Union in 1949 and
  fully independent in 1953
• Communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh
  in April 1975 and ordered the evacuation of all
  cities and towns
• 1.5 million Cambodians died from exhaustion,
  enforced hardships, or starvation during the
  Khmer Rouge regime under POL POT

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Killing Fields of Khmer Rouge
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POL POT
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Myanmar

• Was once called Burma
• Size of Texas
• Large mountains on the east west of the country
• Irrawaddy Salween rivers flow between the
  mountain ranges
• Influence by monsoons

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Myanmar

• 2/3 of people farm/ some farmers use tractors but
  most use plows pulled by water buffaloes
• Factories produce export soap, noodles, paper,
  textiles glass bottles
• Export a lot of wood deforestation
• Most densely populated area is the Irrawaddy
  River Valley
• Yangon capital, famous for Buddhist Temples
• Buddhism main relgion
• Burmese main language

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Teakwood
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Myanmar Farmers
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Myanmar/history

• Once part of British India until gaining
  independence in 1948
• Military leaders have turned Myanmar into
  socialist country
• Aung San Suu Kyi won the nobel peace prize for
  fighting for democracy

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Aung San Suu Kyi
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Thailand

• Borders the Andaman Sea Gulf of Thailand
• 2X size of Wyoming
• Main waterway Chao Phraya River
• Buddhism most practiced religion
• Tourism major industry
• Bangkok capital, overcrowded
• Worlds leading export of tin and gemstones
• Main agricultural exports rubber teakwood
• Most manufacturing takes place near Bangkok

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Chao Phraya River
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People of Thailand
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Thailand/history

• Unified Thai kingdom was established in mid 14th
  century
• Used to be called Siam until 1939/ Thailand
  land of the free
• Only SE Asian country never to be taken as a
  European colony
• Bloodless revolution in 1932 led to a
  constitutional monarchy
• Ally of Japan during WWII
• Thailand became US ally following the war

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Southeast Asia

• Island Countries
• Philippines
• Malaysia
• Singapore
• Brunei
• Indonesia

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Philippines

• Archipelago between the Philippines Sea and the
  South China Sea
• Slightly larger than Arizona
• Mostly mountains with narrow to extensive coastal
  lowlands
• The Philippines Islands became a Spanish colony
  during the 16th century
• controlled by the US in 1898 following the
  Spanish-American War

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King Phillip II of Spain
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• In 1935 the Philippines became a self governing
  commonwealth
• In 1942 the islands fell under Japanese
  occupation during WWII, and US forces and
  Filipinos fought together during 1944-45 to
  regain control
• July 4, 1946 the Philippines attained their
  independence
• in 1992, the US closed its last military bases on
  the islands
• Named after King Phillip II of Spain
• The only Christian country in South Asia/90 are
  Roman Catholic

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Malaysia

• Peninsula bordering Thailand and northern
  one-third of the island of Borneo
• slightly larger than New Mexico
• Tropical climate
• During the late 18th and 19th centuries, Great
  Britain established colonies and protectorate in
  the area of current Malaysia
• Occupied by Japan from 1942-19945
• in 1948, the British- ruled territories on the
  Malay Peninsula formed the Federation of Malay

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• Became independent in 1957
• Malaysia was formed in 1963 when the former
  British colonies of Singapore and the East
  Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak on the
  northern coast of Borneo joined the federation

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Malaysia
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Singapore

• Islands between Malaysia and Indonesia/made up of
  Singapore islands and 58 smaller islands
• tropicalhot, humid,rainytwo distinct monsoon
  seasons
• slightly more than 3.5 times the size of
  Washington, DC
• Singapore was founded as a British trading colony
  in 1819
• joined the Malaysian Federation in 1963 but
  separated two years later and became independent
• became one of the worlds most prosperous

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• Became one of the worlds most prosperous
  countries with strong international trading links
• Singapore port is the worlds busiest in terms of
  tonnage handled
• Most people are ethnic Chinese

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Singapore
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Brunei

• Borders the south china sea and Malaysia/slightly
  smaller the Delaware
• In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate
  independence was achieved in 1984
• Same family has ruled Brunei for over six
  centuries/ruler is a strict sultan
• crude oil and natural gas provided over half of
  the GDP

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Brunei
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Indonesia/Geography

• Archipelago between the Indian Ocean, Indonesia
  is the worlds largest archipelagic state
• slightly less than three times the size of texas
• tropical hot, humid more moderate in highlands,
  monsoons bring wet and dry seasons
• tropical climate and fertile soilrainforests/

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Geography

• Rainforests provide teakwood which has led to
  deforestation

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culture

• Mostly coastal lowlands larger islands have
  interior mountains
• rich covering of ash makes for good farming
  soil/farmers make up 50 of work force
• Large resource of oil and natural gas
• Island location makes it easy to ship goods/major
  trading nation
• 206 m. people/4th largest in the world/very
  densely populated

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culture

• Jakarta capital and largest city/ located on
  Java
• Religions Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, and
  Hinduism
• Official language Bahasa Indonesia

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History

• Malays settled the islands from southeast
  Asia/grew wealthy from controlling trade
• Traders brought Islam from SW Asia in 1100s
• Europeans brought Christianity
• Dutch began to colonize Indonesia in the early
  17th century
• Islands were occupied by Japan from 194 2 to 1945

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History

• Indonesia declared its independence after Japans
  surrender in WWII
• Been a lot of civil war and unrest on many
  Islands since 1964
• Government struggles because of different ethnic
  groups and rival political parties
• Widespread poverty is a big problem

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IMAGES OF INDONESIA