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System Overview
Use the Page Down button on your keyboard or
these blue buttons to step through the
presentation.
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System Overview

• Patient Management
• Recording
• Analysis
• Reporting

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Patient Management
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When Cognitrace starts the patient management
database is opened automatically. From here you
can manage patients, review recordings, analyze
data and build reports. The patient management
database includes tools for searching through
records and archiving data to CD or DVD.
Intuitive icons let you navigate the data.
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The top pane shows Patients. The table can be
sorted on each of the fields, i.e. last name,
first name, patient ID etc. Search forms are
available to quickly find patients. Patient
information is not restricted to the above shown
fields, information related to medication,
diagnosis, address information or other text
fields can be included as well.
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The middle pane shows the Recordings for the
selected patient. The table can be sorted on each
of the fields, i.e. date of recording, type of
recording, name of technician etc. Search forms
are available to quickly find those recordings
that were done in the previous week, months etc.
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The lower pane shows Studies. Studies are all
the analysis results and reports that were
generated for a certain recording. The table can
be sorted on each of the fields, i.e. type of
analysis, finished yes/no, notes etc. Search
forms are available to locate all studies that
were not finished yet.
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By clicking the Control pane button a small
window appears on the left of the screen that
allows the user to search the patient database
(so-called queries) and to perform archiving.
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Control Pane Performing queries using
filters Patients, Recordings and Studies can be
filtered in order to select a subset of
them. (for instance, the letter b can be entered
in the Patient field, which selects from the list
of patients only those of whom the last name
starts with b) Unfinished studies and recent
recordings can be selected quickly for review and
archiving.
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Control Pane Archiving Archiving of data is
accomplished by selecting the Archive tab in the
control pane. Here you can export data that you
selected via a filter to CD, DVD, HD or local
network. Cognitrace archives all data that was
selected by the data filter. Archiving is done
within cognitrace and the progress tab shows the
completion of the process.
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Via this check box it is also possible to define
which data will be archived.
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Control Pane Import / View Data can be imported
into the patient database by selecting the Import
option. With View a temporary database is
generated that allows the technician to review
data without having to import the data
completely.
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Clicking the New or Edit patient buttons allows
the user to enter new patient information.
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Patient information is not restricted to the
shown fields, information related to
medi- cation, diagnosis, address or other text
fields can be included as well.
New Patient Form
Edit patient information form
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Recording
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New recordings are started by clicking the New
recording button and by selecting one of the
templates from the new recording dialogue. The
recording is automatically initialized and opens
a new window.
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New recording dialogue The drop down list next
to templates allows selection of different
recording templates (protocols). Notes can be
added to facilitate data identification on later
occasion.
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After clicking the check mark of the new
recording dialogue a connection to the amplifier
is made and the program starts showing the data
as it comes in. Data is not stored at this moment.
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The panel on the lower left shows the protocol of
the recording. It includes different steps such
as patient preparation (impedance check) and
different stimulation sessions. A red dot next to
a step indicates that it is mandatory. Steps
without it can be skipped.
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The upper left panel shows information for each
of the steps in the protocol and guides the user
through the recording protocol. Clicking gtgt and
ltlt allows the user to step forward and backward
in the protocol.
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First thing to do is to check impedance and make
sure each electrode makes a good connection to
the scalp. Impedances should be lower than 50k
Ohm for high-quality recordings. By clicking the
Impedance check button the program automatically
switches to impedance view.
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Impedance view A colour at each electrode
defines the level of impedance, blue being a
good, red being a poor connection to the scalp.
All channels are shown in head layout to allow
easy navigation on the cap.
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After the impedance has been checked the user
switches back to EEG preview. The quality of the
EEG can be checked visually. The user can always
return to Impedance check to access the
impedances. Impedance values are stored at the
beginning in the raw data and can be reviewed off
line.
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The user should click gtgt to continue with the
protocol of recording.
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The next step in this protocol consists of
recording sessions of continuous EEG with eyes
closed, eyes open and hyperventilation. The
following slides explain all the sessions in this
recording protocol in more detail.
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Eyes closed During the eyes closed session
continuous EEG is recorded and markers are placed
in the EEG to denote the type of session and the
number of the run (EC_1 First Eyes Closed run).
The Start Eyes Closed button starts the
recording, Pause allows the technician to pause
the recording, Stop Eyes Closed terminates this
session and allows the user to continue with the
next. The timer starts counting automatically
when the session is started and keeps track of
the total session time so far. Data is epoched
in 2s intervals for the spectral analysis
processing after the recording.
EC_1
EC_1
EC_1
EC_1
EC_1
EC_1
EC_1
2s epochs
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Eyes open During the eyes open session
continuous EEG is recorded and markers are placed
in the EEG to denote the type of session and the
number of the run (EO_1 First Eyes Open run).
The Start Eyes Open button starts the
recording, Pause allows the technician to pause
the recording, Stop Eyes Open terminates this
session and allows the user to continue with the
next. The timer starts counting automatically
when the session is started and keeps track of
the total session time so far. Data is epoched
in 2s intervals for the spectral analysis
processing after the recording.
EO_1
EO_1
EO_1
EO_1
EO_1
EO_1
EO_1
2s epochs
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Visual Evoked Potential (VEP) Recording of the
brain response during stimulation with a photic
flash. Start, Stop and Pause buttons are
available to control the recording of the VEPs.
Again multiple runs can be recorded and make it
possible to switch between different types of
recording sessions (i.e. between VEP and AEP
etc).
VEP_1
VEP_1
VEP_1
VEP_1
VEP_1
VEP_1
VEP_1
1s ISI
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Auditory Evoked Potential (AEP) Recording of
brain responses evoked by 1000 Hz tones that are
presented at 1 second interval. Start, Stop and
Pause buttons are available to control the
recording of the AEPs. Again multiple runs can
be recorded and make it possible to switch
between different types of recording sessions
(i.e. between AEP and VEP etc).
AEP_1
AEP_1
AEP_1
AEP_1
AEP_1
AEP_1
AEP_1
1 seconds ISI
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Auditory Oddball Paradigm (P300
auditory) Recording of brain responses to the
stimulation of two different tones a frequent
(1000Hz) and rare (2000Hz) one. These tones are
presented pseudo-random with a 80/20 likelihood
ratio. Start, Stop and Pause buttons are
available to control the recording. The timer
keeps track of the recording time in this
run. Multiple runs of P3 can be recorded and
make it possible to switch between different
types of recording sessions.
freq_1
freq_1
rare_1
freq_1
rare_1
freq_1
freq_1
1 seconds ISI
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Analysis
Auditory Evoked Potential
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Analysis Analysis of a recording is started by
selecting a recording and then clicking the New
button below Studies.
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The preferred template for analysis can be
selected from a drop-down list and the check mark
button is clicked to start the analysis.
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The analysis template is opened and some
pre-processing steps (like filtering and artefact
detection) are performed automatically.
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Once these pre-processing steps are finished
(takes about 5s), the data and the protocol of
analysis is presented.
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Event List
Detected artefacts in pink
AEP_1 events
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Artefacts that were missed by the automatic
detection algorithm can be added manually by
clicking the artefact event button. The artefact
will then be marked and excluded from the rest of
the analysis.
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Events and Channels can also be selected easily
by dragging the mouse over the corresponding EEG
event or channel. The corresponding event is
automatically highlighted in the event list to
allow the user to enable (check mark) or disable
(cross) it.
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Once the data is reviewed and artefacts are
marked, gtgt should be clicked. Data is averaged
and presented.
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The averages are shown in maps and as traces. The
blue, black and red traces correspond to three
runs of AEP that were collected. At this stage
the users can decide which of the runs should be
included in the grand average.
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Presentation of the grand average.
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Patient
Reference data
Age-matched reference data is loaded and
presented together with the patient AEP traces.
The maps on the right show the AEP maps together
with statistical difference (based on z-score) at
a certain latency.
z-score
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After reviewing of the statistical maps the
report is automatically generated and shows all
the snapshots that could be taken during the
analysis steps. Extra comments can be added. The
report is stored automatically in the database
and can be opened on later occasions.
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Analysis
Spectral analysis of Eyes Closed EEG
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The spectral analysis of continuous EEG from eyes
closed and eyes open sessions, works similar to
the AEP analysis. First, in a pre-processing
phase filtering and artefact detection is done,
followed by a stage where the user is able to
manually review the data. Again, snapshots can be
taken from the data and included in the report.
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After review of data, for each 2s epoch the FFT
spectra are calculated and an average across
these FFT spectra is made. The result is
presented with a spectrum for each of the
channels. The colours in the spectra mark the
different frequency bands that were configured by
the user.
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Patient
Reference data
Age-matched reference data is loaded and
presented together with the FFT maps of the
patient. Statistical maps are shown as well.
z-score
Frequency Bands (theta, delta, alpha, beta)
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Reference data
Patient
z-score
FFT maps for one frequency band (alpha).
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In the report of spectral analysis comments can
be entered. The report can be printed and is
saved in the patient database.
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Optional recording protocols
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Visual Oddball Paradigm (P300 visual) Similar to
the auditory oddball stimulation but instead of
tones, two different images are presented. Again,
one image is present more frequent than the other
(pseudo-random with a 80/20 likelihood
ratio) Start, Stop and Pause buttons are
available to control the recording. The timer
keeps track of the recording time in this run.
Multiple runs can be recorded.
RARE
FREQUENT
Picture duration 250ms
freq_1
freq_1
rare_1
freq_1
rare_1
freq_1
freq_1
1s - 1.1s ISI
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Contingent Negative Variation (CNV)
Paradigm Recording of the brain response to a
warned reaction time task. Warning stimulus
(WS) tone of 1000Hz Imperative stimulus (CNV_1)
flash Active task ? instruction turn flash
off by button press.
Tone duration 60ms Flash duration maximally
1000ms
WS
CNV_1
WS
CNV_1
850ms ISI
7.5s to 10.5s ITI
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P50 Pair-wise tones Paradigm Recording of very
early brain response to presentation of short
tones presented in pairs. Tones
1000Hz Passive task ? no response required to
task stimuli.
Tone duration 6ms
S_1
S_2
S_1
S_2
S_1
S_2
3200ms ITI
300ms ISI
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Mismatch Negativity Paradigm (Frequency) Recordin
g of brain response to the stimulation of two
different tones a frequent and a rare tone
varying in frequency. Frequent (freq_1)
1000Hz Rare (rare_1) 1200Hz Presented
pseudo-randomly with a 10/90 likelihood
ratio. Passive task ? no response required to
task stimuli.
Tone duration 60ms
freq_1
freq_1
rare_1
freq_1
rare_1
freq_1
freq_1
500ms ISI
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Mismatch Negativity Paradigm (Duration) Recording
of brain response to the stimulation of two
different tones a frequent and a rare tone
varying in duration. Frequent (freq_1) 1000Hz
Rare (rare_1) 1000Hz Different
Duration!! Presented pseudo-randomly with a
10/90 likelihood ratio. Passive task ? no
response required to task stimuli.
Frequent tone duration 50ms Rare tone duration
100ms
freq_1
freq_1
rare_1
freq_1
rare_1
freq_1
freq_1
500ms ISI
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Somatosensory Evoked Potential (SEP) Recording
of brain response evoked by electrical pulses
with a default strength of 6000 and a length of
200 ms at approx. 0,5 sec interval. Start, Stop
and Pause buttons are available to control the
recording of the SEPs. You can also do a test
run containing 10 pulses.
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Classic EEG recording During this protocol
continuous EEG is recorded while eyes closed and
eyes open, hyperventilation and photic
stimulation sessions are performed. With Start
Writing to File the EEG recording is
started. With Start and Stop the
hyperventilation and photic stimulation sessions
can be started and marked in the EEG. The timer
keeps track of the hyperventilation time so far.
With placing Annotations the eyes closed and
eyes open sessions can be marked in the EEG.
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Thank you for your interest.
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