Regional Urban Water Program Best Planning Practices for Water Sensitive Urban Design

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Regional Urban Water ProgramBest Planning
Practices for Water Sensitive Urban Design

• Using Best Planning Practices to achieve WSUD in
  2008
• Hugh Cross
• Hunter Councils, Environment Division
• 2008

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Outline

• Planning in 2008
• Useful resources
• Summary of regional provisions
• Regional case studies
• NSW BPP examples

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Planning in 2008 plannings role

• 90 of the job is in the planning

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Planning in 2008 context

• Barriers to and opportunities for WSUD adoption
  in the Botany Bay catchment (McManus Morison,
  2007. Botany Bay CCI Project)

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Planning in 2008 Council responses to Climate
Change

• LGSA Survey of all NSW Councils in Sept 2006 (4
  response rate).
• Mitigation/adaptation actions being undertaken
  by Councils
• Revealed a wide range of actions, in terms of
  planning
• 8 were preparing planning instruments.
• 10 were developing management plans
• 11 were developing policy
• Only 12 had undertaken a risk assessment
• In terms of information needs
• 88 want more advice on both risk assessments and
  insurance
• 17 wanted Model Planning Provisions

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Planning in 2008 State Government planning
reforms

• Recent reforms
• Stormwater Management Services Charge (Local
  Government Amendment Act, 2005 Regulation,
  2006)
• Dept of Planning / EPA Act
• s.117 directives Gazettal of revised
  Ministerial Directives
• Part 3(A) powers
• Private Certifiers
• Standard LEP template Standard Instrument (LEP)
  Order Gazetted March 2006
• Limit of one DCP

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Planning in 2008 State Government planning
reforms

• Proposed reforms
• Stormwater Management Services Charge
• can not use for riparian rehabilitation
• Dept of Planning / EPA Act
• s.94 contributions Minister to hold for major
  growth areas. Councils can only levee
  contributions under s.2, 4 5
• Proposed s.53 s54 Minister or other relevant
  planning authority will be able to make LEPs
• A new s.117 directive (now with Parliamentary
  Counsel), sets minimum WSUD standards
• Will not be supported by a Stormwater BASIX
• Will be supported by a DECC publication under
  their series, Managing Urban Stormwater (MUS)
  will suggest typical solutions targets
• A mandatory default code for exempt and
  complying development to increase from 11 to
  30 within 2 yrs to 50 of DAs within 4 yrs
• Incorporating specific development standards into
  codes to better manage environmental sensitivity
• Compliance certification by private certifiers
  for developments lt1M

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WSUD Best Planning Practice
2008
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Planning in 2008 State Government planning
reforms

• Dept of Planning / EPA Act Part 2A
• Joint Regional Planning Panels

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Planning in 2008 State Government planning
reforms

• Dept of Planning / EPA Act Part 2A
• Independent Hearing Assessment Panels

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Resources State Government

• MUS consultation drafts Oct 2007

MUS Stormwater an integrated approach
MUS EnvironmentalTargets
MUS Treatment Techniques
MUS PollutionPrevention
MUS WSUD
MUS Soils Construction(Blue Book 2)
Equivalent to WSUD Engineering Procedures
Stormwater (Melb Water 2004)
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Resources regional industry bodies

• Water Smart Model Planning Provisions (HCCREMS
  2007)
• SE Qld WSUD Engineering Design Guidelines
  (Healthy Waterways, June 2006)
• WSUD Engineering Procedures Stormwater (Melbourne
  Water 2005)
• WSUD Basic Procedures for 'Source Control' of
  Stormwater - a handbook for Australian practice
  (Argue 2004)
• WSUD Technical Guide for Western Sydney (Upper
  Parramatta Catchment Trust, 2004)
• Australian Runoff Quality - a guide to WSUD
  (Engineers Australia 2006)

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Resources regional industry bodies Climate
Change

• LGSA Climate Change pack
• HCCREMS Regional Climate Change Adaptation
  Project
• DoP Coastal Branch Climate Change adaptation
  in coastal Zone
• Sydney Coastal Councils Group vulnerability
  assessment
• EDO legal liability re climate change

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Summary of regional approaches

• HCCREMS conducted a rapid review of
• EMPs WSUD policies
• Provisions in LEP DCPs
• WSUD guidelines

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Summary of regional approaches
Name of Planning Instruments incorporating WSUD
Provisions Key

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Summary of regional approaches
Name of Planning Instruments incorporating WSUD
Provisions Key

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Summary of regional approaches
Name of Planning Instruments incorporating WSUD
Provisions Key

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Summary of regional approaches
Name of Planning Instruments incorporating WSUD
Provisions Key

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Summary of regional approaches
Name of Planning Instruments incorporating WSUD
Provisions Key

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Summary of regional approaches
Name of Planning Instruments incorporating WSUD
Provisions Key

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Summary of regional approaches
Name of Planning Instruments incorporating WSUD
Provisions Key

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WSUD Best Planning Practice
2008
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Regional Case Studies

• Selected slides from council presentations

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WSUD Best Planning Practice
2008
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IWCM Regional Urban Water WorkshopE3 Best
Planning Practices

• Peter Sheath
• Water Sensitive Urban Design Engineer
• Integrated Planning
• Gosford City Council
• February 20, 2008, Toronto
• Complete version of presentation here
• http//www.hccrems.com.au/water/events/waterevents
  past.html

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Integrated Planning
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DCP 165 Water Cycle Management

• March 2007
• Driven by
• BASIX SEPP (superseded old DCP 165 water
  conservation targets for appliances and tanks).
• Drought management (Water supply was 12.7 in Feb
  07)
• Objectives
• Maintain natural water balance, promoting on-site
  retention, water quality improvement, reduced
  streambank erosion, protect aquatic and riparian
  ecosystems habitats.
• Requirements
• Where BASIX applies Stormwater Management Plan
  reduced stormwater discharge, water quality
  targets, natural water courses, erosion
  sediment control, flooding, landscaping,
  alternate water, maintenance.
• Where BASIX does not apply Water Cycle
  Management Plan goes beyond the scope of the
  Stormwater Management Plan to include water
  saving devices and potable water substitution

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• Key targets from Vision 2025
• INFRASTRUCTURE
• All new developments environmentally responsible
  with water energy saving
• Infrastructure provisions identified funded
  before development commences
• ENVIRONMENT
• Activity manage enhance natural environment
  wetlands riparian corridors
• Protect air water resource
• 'Closed loop' for energy, water waste
• HEALTH SAFETY
• Safety reinforced - holistic approach (community
  based policy, safer design, community building
  activities)
• Accessible, barrier free parks public spaces
  and streetscapes

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Integrated Planning
Increasing scope of DCP165
Old DCP115
Figure adapted from DECCManaging Urban
Stormwater Urban DesignConsultation Draft, Oct
2007
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Drivers
Keep feet dry
Out High-cost infrastructure In Sustainable
natural assets
Out Stop at Design Standard In Overland runoff
up to PMF
Out Further infrastructure or development in
low-lying areas In Adaptation strategies for
low-lying areas
Out Directly connected paved areas In On-site
Retention to reduce volume
Out Directly connected paved areas, reliance on
GPTs In Source Control, especially in Lagoon
Catchments
Out Fenced-off concrete drains In Green
streets, public open space
Out Direct discharge In High rainwater reuse
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New Drivers
Asset Management Crisis Sea Level Rise
Old DCP115
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IWCM Regional Urban Water WorkshopE3 Best
Planning Practices
SQID at Geraldton Drive Redhead
Symon Walpole Catchment Management Officer Greg
Giles Stormwater Projects Officer Toronto,
February 20, 2008 Complete version of
presentation here http//www.hccrems.com.au/water
/events/watereventspast.html
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Planning Context Lake Macquarie

• Nutrient reduction Nitrogen limiting factor
• Sediment control also achieves nutrient control
• Urban stormwater responsible for 80 of nutrients
• Sediment increased 9-fold since pre-development.
  Estimated 57,000 tonnes/year.

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Planning tools in practiceWater Cycle
Management

• No audit of non-residential developments, but WCM
  plans generally not provided
• Discharge controls good, conveyance controls OK,
  source controls and harvesting poor
• Staging of approvals a problem for WSUD/IWCM
  (re-zoning then subdivision then building)
• Hunter Water responsible for potable water and
  sewage
• Some success with large, integrated developments
  (North Wallarah, Cooranbong, Charlestown)

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Planning tools in practiceSource Controls
Site Discharge Index

• Audit of new residential developments in May 2007
  showed poor (25) compliance with SDI.
• Inconsistent application of DCP1 among DAC staff
  more training?
• BASIX means rainwater tanks but
• Poor understanding among builders and developers
  (e.g. use of permeable pavers)

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WSUD assessment

• Retro-fit and discharge controls having impact on
  Lake water quality - since 2000 clarity up 59
  chlorophyll A steady Orthophosphorus steady
  Ammonia (NH4) down 50 and seagrass extent up
  43.6.
• Sediment controls during construction improved
• SDI and WCM poor uptake significant pressure on
  watercourses
• Problems with asset management of watercourses
• Some significant best practice examples in WSUD
  (Murrays Beach) and WCM (Charlestown)

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WSUD assessment - emerging issues

• Part 3a and Concept Plans
• Dual reticulation, source controls and BASIX
• New LEP templates, planning reforms (complying
  development) and private certifiers

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IWCM Regional Urban Water Workshop E3 Best
Planning Practices Prue Tucker Coastal
Catchments Initiative Co-ordinator Gerard
Tuckerman Manager, Natural Systems
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Source
Impact
Wallis Lake, NSW
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Change ManagementKotters 8 Steps to Transform
your organisation

• Establishing a sense of urgency
• Forming a powerful guiding coalition
• Creating a vision ½
• Communicating the vision ½
• Empowering others to act on the vision ½
• Planning for, and creating, short term wins
• Consolidating improvements
• Institutionalising new approaches next steps

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PIPERS CREEK
Chl-a 5.0
Chl-a 4.2
Chl-a 2.2
Chl-a 6.6
Chl-a 5.0
Chl-a 2.3
Pipers Creek (mean8.63)
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Establishing DCP assessment thresholds

• A range of thresholds are needed to address
  different development types
• Greenfield sites targets set
• 2. Re-developments gt2000m2 targets set
• 3. Re-developments lt2000m2 deemed to comply
• Subdividing single lots (1 into 2 style
  developments)
• Townhouse/Apartment dwellings single or double
  storey lt8 apartments
• Small commercial developments lt1000m2 of car park
• Single Warehouse/Light Industrial lt2000m2
• Mostly focused on reducing assessment times and
  simplifying implementation

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Eg Redevelopment testing deemed to comply

• Provide one or two sets of solutions in deemed to
  comply
• Consider a development of a townhouse on 3 x
  600m2 blocks
• Untreated Treated

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Eg Modelling Resultstest deemed to comply
10 decrease in flows 60 decrease in Phosphorus
40 decrease in Nitrogen Also achieves DECC
targets
DECC ?45 N ?80 TSS ?45 TP

• Untreated Treated

20 increase in flows 15 increase in
Phosphorus 15 increase in Nitrogen
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Summary draft? targets for re-development
Greenfield sites

• Comparing various starting points for
  comparing
• the No Net Increase

• Defining starting point in DCP
• Is it politically robust?

?
?
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Examples of best practice from NSW

• Ku-ring-gai Council (www.kmc.nsw.gov.au)
• Ku-ring-gai Town Centres Development Control
  Plan Part 6 - Water Management Controls
• 6.1.2 Location of development defines 4 property
  classes depending on downstream drainage paths
• Sets specific performance objectives and design
  controls for each component

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Examples of best practice from NSW

• Ku-ring-gai Council (www.kmc.nsw.gov.au)
• Ku-ring-gai Town Centres Development Control Plan
  appendixes
• A6.1 Delineates stormwater catchments for
  on-site detention requirements
• A6.2 permitted site discharge rates and minimum
  on-site detention storage volumes
• A6.3 on-site detention calculation sheet
• A6.4.1 specifications for rainwater tanks
• A6.4.2 specifications for infiltration trenches
• A6.4.3 specifications for bioretention devices
• A6.4.4 specifications for porous paving devices
• A6.4.5 specifications for vegetated swales
• A6.4.6 specifications for other techniques
• A6.5 design of on-site detention systems (OSD)
• A6.6.1 design of property drainage systems
• A6.11. 1 terms for on-site detention

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Ku-ring-gai Town Centres DCP A6.10 riparian zone
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Ku-ring-gai Town Centres DCP A6.10 riparian zone

• Based on guidelines formulated by the Department
  of Infrastructure and Natural Resources (DIPNR)

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Examples of best practice from NSW

• Hornsby Council (www.hornsby.nsw.gov.au)
  specifies drainage control in
• Urban Runoff Management Code
• Urban Drainage Design Manual
• Issues report on remediation of Council's
  Stormwater System
• Sustainable Water DCP
• Sustainable Water Best Practices
• HSC Civil Works Design and Construction
  Specifications.
• The Sustainable Water DCP and Best Practices
  identify the appropriate stormwater flow
  management system for various developments and
  site characteristics
• Has a nifty Develop my Property on-line tool
  to identify relevant planning provisions based on
  an individual propertys location

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Examples of best practice from NSW Hornsby
Council

• Sustainable Water DCP includes Performance
  Criteria and Prescriptive Measures for various
  elements
• Sustainable Water Strategy element
• Construction
• Material and Design
• Topography
• Watercourses, etc
• References councils Sustainable Water Best
  Practices document
• Water Sensitive Design Best Practices
• Water Quality Best Practices
• Water Balance Best Practices
• Best Practices Table provides shortcut to
  specific provisions in the above three sections

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Examples of best practice from NSW Hornsby
Council

• Sustainable Water DCP
• Parameters for determining the sensitivity of
  urban land

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Examples of best practice from NSW Rockdale
Council

• Rockdale Council (www.rockdale.nsw.gov.au)
• Stormwater Management DCP 78 (May 2007)
• s5. On-site Stormwater Retention
• includes how to establish a nominal absorption
  rate, as well as directions for design sizing
• Provides a map of areas suitable for absorption
  and the groundwater protection zone
• s6. On-site Detention
• s7. WSUD requirements
• s8. allows RWTs to be considered as offsets
  against OSD absorption requirements
• s7.6 Stormwater Treatment identifies hazard
  level and quantitative WQ targets
• Includes checklists for Stormwater Concept Plan
  Certification (s8), Detailed Drainage Design (s9)
  and Drainage Construction Certification (s10)

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Examples of best practice from NSW Kogarah
Council

• Kogarah Council (www.kogarah.nsw.gov.au)
• Water Management Policy (2006)

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Examples of best practice from NSW Kogarah
Council

• Web-based Water Management Policy/Calculator
• http//www.kogarah.nsw.gov.au/www/html/915-water-
  management-policycalculator.asp
• Short lists the specific WSUD planning
  requirements based on location, current site
  characteristics and the nature of the proposal

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WSUD Best Planning Practice
2008
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Examples of best practice from NSW Waverley
Council

• Waverley Council (www.waverley.nsw.gov.au)
• Waverley Development Control Plan 2006 (Amendment
  No.2)
• Part G4 Water Management
• To be read in conjunction with councils Water
  Management Technical Guidelines

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WSUD Best Planning Practice
2008
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Examples of best practice from NSW Waverley
Council

• Table provides an overview of the application of
  Water Management planning controls

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• Waverley Council DCP
• Disposal by infiltration feasible

Rose Bay
Bondi Beach
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Examples of best practice from NSW Waverley
Council

• Waste water reuse
• A Positive Covenant must be placed on the
  Property Title to ensure that the greywater or
  blackwater treatment system is adequately
  maintained.

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Conclusions

• Many regional DCPs contain examples of Best
  Planning Practices for WSUD
• Similarly for many Sydney councils those
  presented here being a small sample
• Proposed NSW planning reforms potential large
  impact on effectiveness of current DCP provisions
• The complexity of considerations for WSUD is
  daunting!
• Deemed to comply provisions for smaller DAs
  would help
• Brevity, clarity of applicable circumstances
  (on-line tool?), quantitative performance based
  targets
• Makes DA assessors job quicker and easier to
  define appropriate DA conditions
• Simplifies developer compliance and compliance
  auditing

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• Thank you

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