AC1101 Introduction to Software Design

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AC1101Introduction to Software Design
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This weeks sessions at 9am

• Today Introduction to the course
• Tuesday Working together
• Wednesday Managing your study
• Thursday First practicals
• Friday The course in miniature

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What is Applied Computing?

• Applied Computing is about the design and
  implementation of original and imaginative
  solutions to meet the needs of users, and about
  communicating these solutions in a professional
  way.

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Applied Computing in AC1101

• Design
• Implementation
• Needs of users
• Communicating
• Professionalism
• ENJOYMENT

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What You Will Learn in Practice

• Establishing requirements
• User-centred approach

• Software design
• Problem solving
• Computer programming
• in the C programming language
• Reporting communicating
• Documenting

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Skills

• Programming through problem solving

• Program development tools
• Practical skills in Windows environment
• Simple structured design methods
• Problem solving strategies
• Working independently
• Communicating your plans, results etc
• written, oral, visual

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A Typical Week ...

• 5 one hour sessions ... one a day, 9-10am
• We talk to you (introduce topics on Monday)
• You do things (on your own in groups)
• We all discuss things solve problems
• A WORKSHOP approach
• Professional issues

• 1 laboratory session of 2 hours
• Computing clinic support

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Software Development Performance Curve
High
Coding Rate
Syntax Errors
Low
Low
High
Knowledge
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Support Mechanisms

• Talk to staff and lab tutors!
• Ask questions during sessions
• Individually
• Course meeting Fridays at 9am
• e-mail forum AC-1_at_computing
• Computing clinic
• Course web site via the Course Guide

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Succeeding in AC1101

• Coursework 40
• Class Examination
• Week 12 (i.e. term 2)
• Degree Examination 60
• Summer term
• Pass both Coursework and Exam
• (Pass 40)
• EXEMPTION from the AC1101Degree Exam
• 60 in Coursework
• 60 in Class Exam

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Coursework Deliverables

• Lab reports, including Requirements Design for
  project (25)(all this term)
• Fully developed project in term 2 (15)
• A PORTFOLIO OF WORK
• ALL DELIVERABLES DUE AT START OF LECTURE ON
  TUESDAY OF THE WEEK SHOWN IN THE COURSE GUIDE

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What is a Portfolio?

• Your Log book
• Diary of effort
• Rough notes/ sketches
• Lab reports
• Code listings (documented!)
• Project software and report
• Presentation (e.g. poster, handout)

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Handing in Deliverables ...

• Reports and program listings should be printed.
  Submit coursework on 3.5 inch disk as well.
• Programs must include your C source code, the
  compiled working (or not!) program (.exe file)
  and any data files that are needed to run the
  program
• Reports must be Word files
• All work must have a dated, signed cover sheet
• Hand work in at Tuesday lecture session
• All work must be marked with your NAME the
  deliverable number (e.g. AC1101.3a)
• All files must be in a directory with the number
  of the deliverable (e.g. AC1101.3)

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A Note on Viruses ...

• NO VIRUSES PLEASE!

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Practical Work Organisation ...

• Tutors
• Lab sessions on Thursday afternoon
• 2 - 4 pm or 4 - 6 pm in the East West labs in
  the MicroCentre
• Timetable of bookings for the lab
• First come, first served at other times

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5 things to do this week (1)

• Make sure you can login to OUR system and can use
  e-mail to read and write messages
• Start looking at C programming textbooks
• Buy something to use as your log book
• Buy some 3.5 inch disks
• Carefully read the AC 1101 Course Guide and
  Applied Computing in First Year
• Get to know people in the class

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AC1101TuesdayWorking together
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Today working together

• University vs. School differences
• Brainstorming
• Working with others
• What do you expect of us
• What do we expect from you

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School vs University

• What are the major differences?
• Subtle differences?
• Similarities?
• Talk to your neighbour for 5 minutes make notes
• Lets discuss

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Brainstorming

• A way of getting loads of ideas quickly
• Great for starting a project off
• How to do it
• Everyone shouts out ideas
• ALL ideas accepted without judgement
• Someone writes them where everyone can see them
• Discuss/refine

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Why do people go to University?
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Working with others (1)

• Getting it right
• How do you expect people to behave in class?
• What is unreasonable behaviour in a computer
  lab?
• Discuss make notes

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Working with others (2)

• Some discussion ideas
• Playing computer games
• Food and drink
• Mobile phones
• Keeping clean/ hygiene and awkward stuff
• Internet behaviour
• Locking machines
• Cheating
• Basic manners

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Working with others (3)

• What do you do if someone is not behaving
  reasonably?
• For serious abuses there is behave_at_computing
• Or talk to a member of staff

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Working with others (4)

• What should you expect of staff?
• What should staff be able to expect of you?
• Talk to your neighbours for 5 minutes lets
  discuss that, too.

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What do we expect from you?

• WE will help you to get maximum benefit from this
  course and provide support for you to learn
  effectively

• YOU are responsible for and in control of your
  learning
• YOU take full notes at lectures and review them
• YOU study independently
• YOU hand in deliverables - and on time
• If you get stuck - YOU seek help
• YOU read your e-mail at least ONCE A DAY and
  reply when appropriate
• YOU take a full part in activities

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AC1101WednesdayManaging you study
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Today

• Note taking
• Time management
• Log book
• Plagiarism cheating

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When you go to lectures

• Handouts sometimes
• Access to overhead slides
• Things to do then
• Listen
• Take part in discussions
• TAKE NOTES
• Review them later

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Note taking - exercise

• Notes of presentation are on your handout
• Listen to the presentation and make your own
  notes
• After, review and compare your neighbours notes

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Structure Diagrams
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Structure diagrams

• What are they used for
• What do they look like
• How are they created in Word 2002

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Structure diagrams What are they used for?

• Method to create the general layout of your
  program (without coding)
• To break down a general problem into smaller
  chunks (Top-down design)
• Write down functions that the program should
  fulfil (in a hierarchical manner)
• Main program -gt Collection of chunks of
  functions
• Most simple chunks
• Input - Processing - Output

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Structure diagrams What do they look like?
Update
Chequebook
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Structure diagramsCreating them in Word 2002

• Open new Word file
• From Menu select Insert Diagram
• Diagram Gallery
• Inserting boxes
• Select Insert Shape from the menu and select what
  you want to add
• Set cursor in box to which you want to add
  another box

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Time management
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Log book

• Log-book collection of your thoughts, work etc.
• Serves two main purposes
• Recording the development of your ideas.
• A diary of effort.
• A Log-book hand-out is provided.

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Recording the development of ideas

• Can think of it as a sketch book for software
  development.
• No strict format.
• Should contain
• Rough work
• Ideas and designs
• Programming notes
• Anything else YOU think is relevant

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A diary of effort

• The start of the Log-book should contain a record
  how much time you spend on AC1101.
• Calculate how much time you have available per
  week for AC1101.
• Note how much time you spend and what you did.
  This should include lectures, labs, tutorials,
  assignments personal study.

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Plagiarism cheating

• What is your own work?
• When is it OK to use other peoples work
• from books and the internet
• from other students
• What is plagiarism?
• Discuss with your neighbour
• take notes

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Example 1a Program produced by student a

•  void main()
• int score, big, joe, ron, cash, joecash
• score0
• big10
• joe3000
• ron1000
• joecashjoe
•  /if statements below/
•  
• if(scoregtbig)
• printf(Jackpot!\n) /simple statement/
•   if(joegtron)
• joecash
• printf(You loose Ron.\n)
• /compound statement/
•  
• /if statements taken from Waite, M, Prate, S,
  Martin D (1987) C Primer Plus. Howard W. Sams
  Company Indianapolis, USA. pp. 165/

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Example 1b Program produced by student b

• void main()
• int scores, bigger, joe, ron, cash, joescash
• scores0
• bigger10
• joe3000
• ron1000
• joescashjoe
•  
• /if statements below/
•  
• if(scoregtbig)
• printf(Jackpot!\n) /simple statement/
•  
• if(joegtron)
• joecash
• printf(You loose Ron.\n)
• /compound statement/

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Example 2a C-code snippet produced by student c

• /
• Wind Chill for exposed human skin, expressed
  as a function of wind
• speed in Miles per Hour and temperature in
  degrees Fahrenheit.
• Public domain from numerous published
  references.
• /
• include ltmath.hgt
• double wind_chill(int wind_speed, int temp)
• if (4 gt wind_speed)
• return (double)temp
• else
• return (((10.45 (6.686112 sqrt((double)
  wind_speed))
• - (.447041 wind_speed)) / 22.034 (temp -
  91.4)) 91.4)

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Example 2b C-Code snippet produced by student d

• /
• Wind Chill for exposed human skin, expressed
  as a function of wind
• speed in Miles per Hour and temperature in
  degrees Fahrenheit.
• /
• include ltmath.hgt
• double WindChill(int WindSpeed, int temp)
• if (4 gt WindSpeed)
• return (double)temp
• else
• return (((10.45 (6.686112 sqrt((double)
  WindSpeed))
• - (.447041 WindSpeed)) / 22.034 (temp -
  91.4)) 91.4)

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Example 3a C-code snippet produced by student e

• Student e writes
• This C- code snippet was created by myself and
  my pal Bill Smith
•  
•  
• printf(This code was done by me!\n)
• printf(Dont doubt that.\n)
•  

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Example 3b C-code snippet produced by student
Bill Smith

•  
• printf(This code was done by me!\n)
• printf(Dont doubt that.\n)

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AC1101Thursday First practical
sessionPersonal safety (DUSA)
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Today

• Looking at resources in more detail
• Internet
• Books
• This afternoons practical session
• Personal safety on campus

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Looking at internet resources in more detail

• Internet - who has accessed the internet?
• What is a search engine?
• A program that receives your search request,
  compares it to the entries in the index, and
  returns results to you
• Applied computing website.
• http//www.computing.dundee.ac.uk
• What information could be found here?
• University website.
• http//www.dundee.ac.uk

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Looking at resources in more detail

• Applied computing internet resource
• http//www.dundee.ac.uk
• What information can be found here?

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Applied computing website. Information for
students

• Information for students
• Course guides
• Timetables
• Student handbook
• And a lot more.

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AC1101 Course Guide

• What is in the AC1101 course guide
• Course information
• Lecture slides
• Assignments information
• And a lot more.lets have a look.

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University website. Resources for students

• Got to the http//www.dundee.ac.uk and click on
  the link to Current Students
• Resources for current students
• Transferable skills
• Support services
• Financial information
• And a lot more.

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Internet search engines

• There are many search engines.
• A widely used search engine is Google as it is
  (usually) quick and not as commercial as some
  others (http//www.google.com/).
• There are many others including
• AltaVista (http//www.altavista.com/),
• Lycos (http//www.lycos.com/),
• Webcrawler (http//www.webcrawler.com/),
• Yahoo (http//www.yahoo.com/),

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What is out there?

• There are many web sites with information on
  software development and c programming.
• Detailed descriptions.
• How to do this guides.
• Example code.
• Internet resources are of distinctly VARYING
  quality.
• There are a huge number of possibly useful
  websites.
• Cannot guarantee that the information is always
  correct.
• Example code may not always run correctly.

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Finding an internet resource.

• Lets try to find a Hello world program.
• What would you type into the search engine?
• C program hello world
• Compare results using Google and Altavista.

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Books

• The library
• There are a large selection of books on Software
  Development and c programming
• Recommended book list
• See the AC1101 Course guide!

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Exercises

• Grab someone as a team
• Find a book on C programming in the library
  (after the lecture!)
• In this afternoons lab
• Browse and become familiar with the Applied
  Computing web pages.
• Create a text document and send it as a zipped
  attachment.
• Use internet search engines to compile a list of
  useful resources.
• A lab sheet will be provided with detailed
  instructions.

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AC1101FridayThe course in miniature
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Cryptography

• We have to produce a computer program to encipher
  text messages using a monoalphabetic substitution
  cipher
• Given the plaintext phrase
• the quick brown fox
• the program will produce the ciphertext
• aoq ebmlz ushfp whg
• The translation uses this conversion table
• cipherabdfgjk
• lmnoqstuvwxyz
• Each character in the plaintext is replaced by
  the character in the row above or below it in the
  table

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And finally

• See you next Monday!