Globalization in Latin America, Africa, and the Caribbean

1
Globalization in Latin America, Africa, and the
Caribbean
2
Objectives

• To provide an overview of globalization in terms
  of
• the economic forces that drive globalization
• the immediate and lasting results of
  globalization on indigenous populations, culture,
  and religion

3
The Economics of Globalization

• Neo-Classical Economic Theory
• Marginal Product Revenue Theory

4
Marginal Product Revenue Theory

• Equilibrium is achieved where supply and demand
  meet in a competitive market.
• The business world does not like equilibrium
  because it eats into profits.
• The more unique the offering the more the company
  can charge in excess of their costs.

5
Marginal Product Revenue Theory

• The Result business will always seek new
  markets and new products to offer.

6
Colonization Who grabbed what

• Latin America Portuguese (Brazil), Spanish (the
  rest)
• Africa British (East and West), French (North
  and West), Dutch (South), Belgians (Central), and
  Germans (East)
• Caribbean Primarily the Spanish, however, the
  British, French, and Dutch also obtained some land

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Demographic Changes

• The colonized areas experienced great reductions
  in native populations.
• Africa primarily through the slave trade, but
  also, through brutal means of control
• Latin America and Caribbean primarily through the
  introduction of disease as well as the harsh
  imposed labor conditions

8
Religious Changes

• The introduction of Christianity
• Incorporation of pre-existing beliefs and
  practices into Christianity (Syncretism)
• Day of the Dead (November 2nd)
• Zionist Churches

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Political Changes

• Indigenous control
• Colonial rule imposed upon acquisition
• Following WWII the colonies eventually become
  independent

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Economic Changes

• Still Occurring
• Complete disruption of indigenous systems
• Introduction of the peasant into the global
  marketplace (Open Peasant Communities)
• Currently transitioning from peripheral to
  semi-peripheral, and slowly encroaching on core
  societies.

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The Main Points - Summary

• Core societies continue to encroach on
  unincorporated (closed) societies.
• Unincorporated societies integrate aspects of
  core societies and become peripheral societies.
• Peripheral become semi-peripheral societies.
• Semi-peripheral societies become core societies.

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Questions?