Chap 5

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Chap 5

• Nomenclature

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Essential Questions

• 1. Why do we need a system for naming commpounds
• 2. What are the rules for naming binary cmpds
• 3. What are the rules for naming ternary cmpds
• 4. What are the rules for naming acids
• 5.How do you write a formula from a name?

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What is a binary compound

• Contains only two elements

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How many types of binary cmpds are there

• 3

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Describe each

• Metal w/only 1 ox state(valence) and nonmetal
• Metal w/ more than one valence and nonmetal
• Two nonmetals

6
List the rules for naming regular binary cmpds

• Write name of first element then write the
  beginning of second element and change the ending
  to -ide

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Give an example

• NaCl sodium chloride
• Al2O3 aluminum oxide

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What is special in naming cmpds that contain
certain transition metals

• They have more than one valence and therefore
  form more than one compound with a nonmetal

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How do you know which ones require special names

• You must memorize them

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List them

• Fe Fe2, Fe3
• Hg Hg1(Hg22), Hg2
• Sn Sn2, Sn4
• Cu Cu1, Cu2
• Co Co2, Co3
• Pb Pb2, Pb4 (We will use lead as 2 unless
  told differently

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What is the 3rd type of binary cmpd

• Nonmetal to nonmetal

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What new rule is used to name these cmpds

• Use prefixes to tell the number of each atom
  present in the compound
• Dont use mono on first element

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How do you recognize a cmpd that is not binary

• It has more than 2 elements
• It has a radical(polyatomic ion) in it

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What rules are used to name ternary cmpds

• Name first, name second

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How do you recognize an acid

• It has an H in front

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How many rules do you need to name acids

• One for binary acids and one for ternary acids

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What are the rules for naming binary acids

• Hydro first, then use the stem of the nonmetal
  and change the suffix to -ic with the word acid
  added
• HCl hydrochloric acid

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What are the rules for naming ternary acids

• If the radical ends in -ite the acid is named
  with -ous acid
• If the radical ends in -ate the acid is named
  with -ic acid
• HClO2 chlorous acid
• HClO3 chloric acid

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How do you write the formula from the name of a
binary compound

• Write the symbol for the first element with its
  valence then the symbol for the second element
  with its valence then cross the numbers(not the
  charges)

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Lithium Oxide

• Li1 O-2
• Li2O
• The number one is understood

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How do you write the formula from the name of a
ternary compound

• Same Way
• Write symbol or formula for first w/ its valence,
  write name of second w/ its valence , then cross

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Magnesium Phosphate

• Mg2 PO4-3
• Mg3(PO4)2

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How do you write the formula from the name of a
binary acid

• H in front with 1 charge then nonmetal with its
  valence, then cross

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Hydrobromic acid

• H1 Br-1
• HBr

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How do you write the formula from the name of a
ternary acid

• Use H1 then radical w/ its valence, then cross

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Nitric Acid Carbonic acid

• H1 NO3-1 H1 CO3-2
• HNO3 H2CO3

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Flow chart for naming