Do You Remember

1
Do You Remember?
2
What element is this?
3
How many P, N, E?

• 29
• 63.5

C
4
What do we call these types of atoms?
5
What type of bond?
6
What type of bond?
7
What type of bond?
Hint these are water molecules)
8
What type of bond?
9
What do these have in common?

• Big Bang
• Fusion in stars
• Supernovas

10
Which list makes up 90 WHOLE earth?

• Iron 35-40
• Oxygen 25-30
• Silicon 13-15
• Magnesium 10

Oxygen 47 Silicon 28 Aluminum 8 Iron 5
How do you know?
11
4 Characteristics of ALL Minerals

• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.

12
Mineral Families

• You can tell which family a mineral belongs to by
  looking at its formula.
• There are 9 families to learn

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Native elements

• Minerals that are from 1 element
• Gold Au
• Copper Cu
• Silver Ag
• Carbon C
• Sulfur S

14
2. Halides

• Halogen Group.
• Halite NaCl salt, rock salt
• Fluorite CaF2

15
3. Oxides

• Minerals with oxygen
• Ice H20
• Corundum Al2O3
• Hematite (Fe2O3)
• Magnetite (Fe3O4),

16
4. Sulfides

• Minerals with sulfur rotten egg smell
• Galena (PbS for lead used in pipes and bullets),
• Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2, copper iron ore AKA
  fools gold)
• Pyrrhotite (Fe4S)
• Pyrite Iron ore cars, steel buildings (FeS2)
• Sphalorite - ZnS
• Bornite Cu5FeS4 copper ore pipes, wire

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5. Carbonates

• Minerals with Carbonate (C03)
• Calcite (CaCO3), very abundant
• Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) lime
• Azurite - Cu3(CO3)2
• Malachite Cu2(CO3)( copper ore and ornamental

18
6. Sulfates

• Minerals with Sulfate S04
• gypsum (CaSO4 2H2O), plaster of Paris, wall
  board
• barite (BaSO4)

19
7. Hydroxides

• Minerals with a metal plus hydroxide (OH-)
• limonite (iron hydroxide) Fe40i(OH)2
• bauxite (aluminum hydroxide) Al(OH)3

20
8. Phosphates

• Minerals with a metal plus phosphate (PO4)
• Apatite - Ca5(PO4)3F

21
9. Silicates

• Minerals with silicate tetrahedron SiO4
• 90 of rock forming minerals
• Not ores
• Examples Quartz (most common mineral)
• Opal, talc, mica, hornblende, topaz,
  feldspar,olivine
• Look for Si O in formulas
• KAlSi3O8, Al2SiO4, SiO2H2O

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Different Arrangements of SiO4