Outline1/15/07

1
Outline 1/15/07

• Announcements
• Turn in seminar reports - to me
• CAPA set1 - due tonight
• Discussion section Mon _at_ 4pm
• Summer Research Wed _at_ 630pm

• Review Chapter 12 calculations
• Review biofilms Start Chapter 13

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Questions
DISCUS logins?
CAPA due tonight? problem 9
3
Practice calculations of Colligative Property
effects

• Freezing Point Depression
• DT Kf m
• Boiling Point Elevation
• DT Kb m

Kf -1.858C/m Kb 0.512C/m
where Kf and Kb are constants and m is
concentration of solute in terms of molality
(mols/kg solvent)
4
Worksheet 1 problems

• 100 kg NaF is added to 10000 L of H2O

100000g NaF ? 42 g/mol 2381 mol NaF
2381 mol NaF ? 2 ions 4762 mols solute
10000 L H2O 10000 kg solvent

• Freezing Point Depression
• DT -1.858 ? 0.4762 -0.884C

5
Worksheet 1 problems

• 2.00 g sucrose is added to 500 mL of H2O

2.00g ? 342 g/mol .00585 mol sucrose
0.500 L H2O 0.5 kg solvent

• Osmotic Pressure
• p 0.117 ? 0.08206 ? 300 .288 atm
• 
  219 torr

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p.108
Like dissolves like.
7

• What is a macromolecule?

biopolymers
biopolymers
biopolymers
8
Organic Chemistry

• Nomenclature
• Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes
• Branched chain alkanes
• Aromatic compounds
• Functional groups
• Organic Reactions
• Polymers
• Definitions
• Properties
• Intro to Biochemistry.

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Organic Chemistry

• Nomenclature
• Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes
• Branched chain alkanes
• Aromatic compounds
• Functional groups
• Organic Reactions
• Polymers

All are just definitions. need to know the
language.
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Alkanes

• methane
• ethane
• propane
• butane
• pentane
• hexane
• heptane
• octane
• nonane
• etc.,

• Identify the alkane

• butane

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Organic Nomenclature

• Root refers to the of carbon atoms
• Methane
• Ethane Ethene Ethyne
• Propane Propene Propyne
• Butane Butene Butyne
• Pentane
• Hexane
• Septane
• Octane
• Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes
• single bonds double bonds triple bonds

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Alkenes

• ethene
• propene
• 1-butene, 2-butene
• 1-pentene, 2-pentene, 3-pentene

refers to position...

• 1-butene

• cis-2-butene

• trans-2-butene

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Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes

• All single bonds

• A double bond somewhere

• A triple bond somewhere

• What if the C atoms are not in a row?

• 2-methyl-butane

Branched-chain alkanes
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methane methyl-ethane ethyl-propane propyl-but
ane butyl-pentane pentyl-hexane hexyl-heptane
heptyl-octane octyl-nonane nonyl

• alkane alkyl- prefix

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Practice

• Draw a structure of 3-ethyl-heptane

1 2 3
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Aromatic compounds (Rings)
BTEX

• benzene
• toluene
• ethylbenzene
• xylene
• napthalene

What do all aromatic compounds share?
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Aromatic compounds (Rings)

• Delocalized electrons!!! ( smell)

e.g. 1,3,5 - trinitro toluene (TNT)
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Organic nomenclature (contd)

• Organic Functional Groups
• Alcohols -OH
• Acids -COOH
• Ketones -CO
• Esters -COO-
• Ethers -O-
• Aldehydes -COH
• Amines -NH2
• etc.

• e.g. 2-propanol

Section 13.1
19
Polymerizable Functional Groups
p. 111
20
Polymer Linkage Groups
p. 111
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Functional Groups

• Carbon combines with other atoms (mainly H, N, O,
  S and halogens) to form functional groups
• Sites of typical reactions
• Used to classify organic compounds
• Serve as a basis for naming compounds