Reporte de avances sobre la investigacin de instituciones y organizaciones donantes en Mxico, 2005.

1
Panel Global Transformations Opportunities for
supranational articulation A perspective on
philanthropy and social field in
Mexico Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. April 4,
2008. Lourdes Sanz
Moguel Effectiveness and
Services Director
2
600 million inhabitants300 million living in
poverty Brazil, Mexico and Argentina among 20
major economies in the world 4.3 constant
annual growth until 2015 is needed to reduce
poverty in the region by 50.In spite of
economical growth during the last five years,
extreme poverty has not been reverted.
Latin America in numbers
Fuente Cepal, 2006
3
Mexico in numbers

• Almost 2 million Km2
• 104 million inhabitants
• 15 million in rural areas
• 25 million do not have access to basic services
• 45 million living in poverty
• 17 million in extreme poverty
• 180,000 communities with under 500 inhabitants
  each, concentrate extreme poverty.
• Only 20 pay taxes properly
• 22,000 million USD were sent into the country in
  2007 by Mexican residents in US.

Fuente Cemefi
4
Non profit field in Mexico in numbers

• 20 000 non profits working in social causes
• 85 of CSOs income comes from fees and services
  provided, 9 comes from government and only 6
  from philanthropy
• 5 752 Organizations endorsed by the SHCP (Tax
  Office) as Deductible Gift Recipients (2006)
• 250 Grantmaking foundations.
• 461 000 people working in the field (includes
  volunteers and employees)

Fuente Cemefi
5
Tendencies on the growth of organizations
endorsed by SHCP (Tax Office) as Deductible Gift
Recipients
Fuente Cemefi
6
Deductible Gift Recipients 2006 in each State
Fuente Diario Oficial de la Federación 2007
7
Giving in Mexico

• National Survey on Philanthropy and Civil
  Society (ITAM - 2005) found out giving habits in
  Mexico are as follows
• 77 give to beggers,
• 82 give to the church and other religious
  organizations
• 91 reports that at least once, has given to an
  organization
• 79 prefer to give to a person in need rather
  than to an institution.
• Fuente Encuesta Nacional Sobre Filantropía y
  Sociedad Civil. Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de
  México (Proyecto sobre Filantropía y Sociedad
  Civil), 2005.

8
Grants in Mexico
Fuente Cemefi
9
Grantmakers in Mexico, by type and State
10
Main Grantmaking Foundations in Mexico
11
Grantmaking Foundations Role

• To support and strengthen innovative ideas and
  strategies
• Mobilize and develop leaderships
• Widen perception and increase information about
  what can be done
• Provide practical know how and tools for action
• Focused strategic philanthropic action,
• Flexibility and capacity to provide proper
  response to needs
• Social investment for public good
• Sustained support to effective CSOs and CSOs
  programs and projects
• Credibility and legitimacy as a basis to promote
  and mobilize participation, resources, interest,
  as well as convene people from different sectors
  in the community
• Collaboration and synergic action in order to
  increase impact

12
Historic overview of philanthropic field in Mexico
13
First Period 1521-1860, Colonial Period,
Independence and Reform

• Strong presence of Catholic Church in the
  creation of charities
• Church funded charities with its own wealth and
  with the gifts form filigrees
• Churchs charities were mainly attention to the
  poor, hospitals and schools.

14
Second Period 1861-1960

• Strong presence of Government in social issues,
  particularly after the nationalization of
  ecclesiastic goods during the Reform.
• In 1899 a decentralized government entity is
  created JAP, to supervise and guarantee the use
  of gifts and legacies for the community, in the
  donor's intended social causes
• With Mexican Revolution, State consolidates
  public welfare policies schooling, health,
  social security, homing.

15
Third Period 1961-1985

• Increased citizenship awareness of social needs
• Increased participation in social issues
• New social causes are identified and supported
• Increased number of civil society organizations
  working in social causes, both for majorities and
  minorities
• Philanthropic civil society organizations
  emergence as a field

16
Fourth Period 1986- up to date

• Promotion of philanthropy and voluntary work
• Promotion of corporate social responsibility
• Creation of new grantmaking foundations
• Increased participation in social causes
• New federal legislation approved recognizing
  social value of civil society organizations
  action and promoting government support for their
  activities. (2004)
• Fiscal Reform (2007).- Establishing a limit for
  tax deductible gifts (unlimited before, thus,
  step back)

17
Conclusions

• There is an important tradition on social help,
  mainly for humanitarian reasons, closely related
  to religious motivations.
• This tradition is expressed throughout society in
  every level, and is present also in legal
  framework.
• In Mexico there is not a tradition of
  institutionalized philanthropy, understanding it
  as
• social help linked to business or corporate
  giving to public good additionally to taxes
• endowed funds under the responsibility of
  Boards, managed by professionals and protected by
  specific frameworks

18
Conclusions
There is still not enough development of legal
and fiscal frameworks that stimulate philanthropy
or reflect comprehension of the field's relevance
in the construction of public good. Until
recently, culture of philanthropy, social
responsibility and voluntarism is being promoted.
Currently foundations grants are mainly applied
to urgent needs rather than to development
strategies. Traditionally corporations tend to
give through government institutions
19
Conclusions
Media promote charity more than grants or social
investment. Even though governments state they
want civil society participation in the
construction of public good, they fear opening
the door to real growth and consolidation of a
strong wide civil society field. There is a
surprising increase in the number of CSO and
grantmaking foundations. There is a strong debate
on grantmaking effectiveness and transparency.
20
Challenges

• Increase culture of citizenship value the role
  of citizen participation in public matters
• Revalue and recognize the important role of civil
  society organizations as well as the need of
  their presence and contribution in democratic
  societies
• Strengthen corporate social responsibility
• Recognition of private philanthropy role in the
  provision of private resources, additional to
  taxes, that contribute to public good.
• Creation and adaptation of legal and fiscal
  frameworks to promote CSOs field growth and
  respond to current needs

21
Who should be involved?

• Community Citizenspaticipation, commitment,
  action
• Schools, universities, academic field research,
  information and analysis
• Civil Society Organizations increased number,
  impact, accountability, quality services
• Corporate field increased, effective and
  strategically directed corporate social
  responsibility actions and programs
• Grantmakers increased strategic social
  investment
• Governments recognition, promotion and support
• Congress Legal and fiscal frameworks

22
El Centro Mexicano para la Filantropía, A.C.
CEMEFI
Membership Association created in 1988

• 656 Members
• 187 Associates (84 foundations and associations,
  67 corporations y 36 individuals)
• 449 Afiliattes (mainly operative CSOs)
• 18 Users (government entities interested in
  getting Cemefis services)

23
Thank you
Maria de Lourdes Sanz Moguel Effectiveness and
Services Director Centro Mexicano para la
Filantropía, A.C. Cda. De Salvador Alvarado 7,
Col. Escandón México D.F. CP11800 México Tel.
(52) 5277-6111 Fax [phone] http//www.ceme
fi.org e-mail cemefi_at_cemefi.org /
lsanz_at_cemefi.org