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Basic Parts of the Plant

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Flower. Roots. 1. Anchor Plant. 2. Absorb ... Flowers. 1. Contain organs for specialized sexual production. 2. ... of the Flower. Style. Connects the ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Basic Parts of the Plant


1
Basic Parts of the Plant
  • Roots
  • Stems
  • Leaves
  • Flower

2
Roots
  • 1. Anchor Plant
  • 2. Absorb water and minerals
  • 3. Translocate water and minerals to stem
  • 4. Store Food

3
Stems
  • 1. Translocate water, minerals and food to the
    leaves
  • 2. Support the leaves and display them to light
  • 3. Store Food

4
Leaves
  • 1. Make food through photosynthesis
  • 2. Provide site of gas exchange
  • 3. Store food

5
Flowers
  • 1. Contain organs for specialized sexual
    production
  • 2. Produce seeds and fruit

6
Different type of Roots
  • A. Tap Root
  • Continuation of the primary root
  • Ideal for anchorage
  • Penetration is greater for water
  • Storage area for food made by photosynthesis

7
ARE YOU PAYING ATTENTION?
  • THERE JUST MAY BE A QUIZ!!!

8
Different type of Roots
  • B. Fibrous Roots
  • Many finely branched secondary roots
  • Shallow roots cover a large area
  • More effective absorption of water and minerals
  • Roots hold the soil to prevent erosion

9
Different type of Roots
  • C. Aerial roots
  • Clinging air roots
  • Short roots that grow horizontally from the stems
  • Roots that fasten the plant to a support
  • Absorptive air roots

10
Different type of Roots
  • Adventitious Roots
  • Develop in places other than nodes
  • Can form on cuttings and rhizomes

11
Roots
  • Root hairs
  • Tiny one celled hair like extensions of the
    epidermal cells located near the tips of the
    roots where vascular tissues have formed.
  • Increase surface area
  • Absorb water and minerals from soil

12
Specialized Stems
  • A. Corm (gladiolus, crocus)
  • underground
  • Solid, fleshy, scale covered

13
WAKE UP!!!!!!!!!!!!
  • DONT FALL ASLEEP
  • PAY ATTENTION!
  • THIS MEANS YOU!!!

14
Specialized Stems
  • B. Bulb (tulips, lillies, onions)
  • Layers of fleshy scales that overlap each other
  • Underground stem

15
Specialized Stems
  • C. Tuber (potato, caladium)
  • Food storage area
  • Short, thick underground stem

16
Specialized Stems
  • D. Crown (African Violets, fern)
  • Closely grouped stems or plantlets
  • Just above ground or just below

17
Specialized Stems
  • E. Spurs (pear and apple trees)
  • Short sems found on woody plant limbs adapted for
    increased production of fruits

18
Specialized Stems
  • F. Rhizomes (iris, lily of the valley)
  • Underground stems that produce roots on the lower
    surface and extend leaves and flower shoots above
    the ground

19
Specialized Stems
  • G. Stolon (Strawberry, airplane plant)
  • Stem that grows horizontally above the soil
    surface

20
Principal Tissues of the Leaf
  • Epidermis
  • Cuticle
  • Waxy substance covers the leaves and stems
  • Waterproof layer that keeps water in plants

21
Principal Tissues of the Leaf
  • Epidermis (cont)
  • Stomata
  • Openings in the epidermis mainly located on
    underside of leaves
  • Exchange of gases

22
Principal Tissues of the Leaf
  • Epidermis (cont)
  • Guard Cells
  • Two cells located on each side of stomata
  • Open and closes stomata

23
Principal Tissues of the Leaf
  • Mesophyll layer
  • Palisade mesophyll
  • Primary site of photosynthesis
  • Spongy mesophyll
  • Contains air and chloroplasts
  • Site of photosynthesis and gas exchange

24
Principal Tissues of the Leaf
  • Veins or vascular bundles
  • In spongy mesophyll
  • Phloem tissues conduct food from photosynthesis
    to rest of plant
  • Xylem tissues conduct water and minerals up to
    cells in leaves and stems

25
Parts of the Flower
  • Sepals
  • Outer covering of the flower bud
  • Protects the stamens and pistills when flower is
    in bud stage

26
Parts of the Flower
  • Petals
  • Brightly colored
  • Protects stamen and pistills
  • Attracts pollinating insects

27
Parts of the Flower
  • Stamens
  • Male Reproductive part
  • Anther-produces pollen
  • Filament-supports the anther

28
Parts of the Flower
  • Pistil
  • Female reproductive part
  • Ovary
  • Enlarged portion at base of pistill
  • Produces ovules which develop into seeds
  • Stigma
  • Holds the pollen grains

29
Parts of the Flower
  • Style
  • Connects the stigma with ovary
  • Supports the stigma so that it can be pollinated

30
Complete and Incomplete Flowers
  • Complete have all four main parts
  • Sepals
  • Petals
  • Stamens
  • Pistils
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