HERA at XXXI CED Kay Fox. Human & Environmental Ris

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Human Environmental Risk Assessment Environment
al Risk Assessment under HERA Challenges and
Solutions Kay Fox Chair of the HERA
Environmental Task Force
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Environment Task Force
C. Poelloth, C. Arregui, J. Backmann - AISE I.
Lopez Petresa C. Stevens Dow
Corning G. Boeije PG R. van Egmond
Unilever H. Certa SASOL R.
van Wijk Akzo Nobel R. Elsmore
McBride T. Wind Henkel K. Fox
Unilever A. Aarts
Solutia P. Masscheleyn PG A. Berends
Solvay P. Richner CIBA D.
Calcinai Condea Augusta W. Schul
BASF E. Cerbelaud Rhodia J.
Steber Henkel V. Koch
Clariant R. Toy Shell
Chemicals
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Intended for application in EUROPE
HERA Environmental Risk Assessment based on
Technical Guidance Document for New and Existing
substances
EUSES
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Focus on chemical substances used primarily in
Household detergent and cleaning products
Domestic Emission
On-Site Treatment
Sewer Transport
Primary Focus on the use and disposal of these
substances
Sewage Treatment
River
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Detergent exposure scenario for EUSES
TGD

• Begin with EUSES
• Environment
• Local
• Regional
• Predators exposed via the environment
• Man exposed via the environment

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Detergent exposure scenario for EUSES

• Wide dispersive use, Detergents (5, 9)
• 100 of chemical to sewer (Local Use model)

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Detergent exposure scenario for EUSES
Contributions to Regional Environment from Local
sources

TGD Default HERA
Production
0.3 0.3(1.003) 0 0
0.8 0.8 0 0
max max
Formulation
Use
99 99 100 100
Bottom line - 100, within volume determination
error
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Detergent exposure scenario for EUSES

• To cover a reasonable worst case, TGD and EUSES
  assume that
• the local wastewater treatment plant receives 4
  times the average ingredient input
• the Standard EU region receives 10 of the total
  European product consumption
• HERA replaces these default assumptions with HERA
  default values based on measured product
  consumption and environmental monitoring data -
  the HERA Detergent Scenario.

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Detergent exposure scenario for EUSES

• Tiered Methodology
• Begin with the HERA Detergent scenario
• Accept all other EUSES Defaults
• Replace selected defaults if necessary
• Removal values in STP
• Measured Kd values
• Biodegradation rates in rivers, soil, etc.
• Often need Chronic ecotoxicity data

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Regional Environmental Concentration
Standard EU Region
20 million people 10 of EU Production
Production
200 km
Formulation
200 km
Use
Release is based on Production Volume
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STD. EU Region
Local treatment plants
Input to local treatment plant is based on the
regional production volume.
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Detergent Release scenario
HERA Region
Release is based on population density
Production
200 km
Formulation
200 km
Use
100 of release
Kg/person/year
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The standard EU region has 10 of the
EU detergent consumption - for 5.4 of the EU
population.
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Detergent consumption per person in eighteen
European countries
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(No Transcript)
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• The maximum regional release for detergent
  ingredients is found in the UK region containing
  London
• This is 5.5 of total usage, rather than 10, as
  in the TGD
• Thus the HERA Detergent release scenario should
  have 5.5 of the total volume released to the
  region.

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In EUSES,
STD. EU Region
Local treatment plants
Input to local treatment plant is based on the
regional use volume.
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Regional detergent Scenario

• HERA must give the correct local loading for
  sewage treatment plants in countries with highest
  detergent use.
• Italy and Spain have 1.25 times the average EU
  detergent consumption, per person.
• HERA ensures correct representation of the LOCAL
  treatment plant, which EUSES derives from the
  regional consumption, by raising the overall
  regional background to .055 X 1.25 0.07 times
  the European use volume

HERA uses 7, not 10, for regional input
EUSES
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• Product use and substance use data are expected
  to be similar, for most widely used detergent
  ingredients.
• Each HERA Substance team will consider any areas
  of high regional usage for their substance, and
  will modify the HERA regional default if
  appropriate.

Fragrance F
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Release from LOCAL Sewage Treatment facility
A reasonable worst case treatment plant receives
4 times the average load
TGD - Local plant
4
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GREAT-ER GIS model which predicts chemical
concentrations of household chemicals in rivers.
UK data
Boron used as a conservative tracer, to validate
the model.
6 STP influents and effluents Monthly river water
and effluent samples
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• Measured effluent boron agreed with load
  calculated from consumer sales volumes (1996, 28
  daily composite samples from 6 treatment plants)
  0.22
  g/person/day
• Boron in effluents 50 treatment plants
• NL 7
• Germany 6
• Italy 3
• UK 34 plants

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UK Boron data from 804 grab samples from 34
plants.
Measured to calculated boron Mean 1.04 90ile
lt 1.5
Reasonable worst case (90ile) is 1.5 times the
regional average input, not 4 times as in the
TGD default scenario.
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• Boron concentrations in Italy, Germany, and the
  Netherlands also agreed with the concentrations
  calculated for the country and year of emission,
  with the 90ile of the measured to calculated
  boron distribution being less than 1.5.
• Thus data from 50 sewage plants, in 4 countries,
  show that for detergent ingredients in wide
  general use, such as perborate, a reasonable
  worst case (90ile) is 1.5 times the regional
  average input.
• Paper on the 1.5 factor submitted to Chemosphere.
  ECETOC submission to TGD revision resulted in
  change to up to a factor of 4 in the revised
  TGD.

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• Each HERA Substance team will consider any areas
  of high local usage for their substance, and will
  modify the HERA default for the reasonable worst
  case sewage treatment plant if appropriate.

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Summary - HERA Defaults Detergent scenario
100, not 99, of ingredient used goes to the
local treatment facility
Region - 7, not 10 of ingredient used
Local sewage treatment - 1.5 is worst case,
not 4.
1.5
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Modified Exposure Scenario - HERA
TGD - Worst case (4) (Local STW) times worst
case (2) (10 production tonnage) gives almost
8 times the average ingredient loading to a
local sewage treatment plant. HERA Detergent
Scenario - Data backed worst case (1.5) for
local STW times worst case (1.7) regional
release based upon product use shows two
times the average ingredient loading to a local
sewage treatment plant. HERA will check that
the substance use patterns are suitable before
using the HERA defaults.
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Thanks!

• To HERA for providing the Challenges!
• To the HERA Environment task force for help with
  the Solutions
• To ERASM and the Environment Agency for England
  and Wales for funding the boron monitoring work
• To the EA and Yorkshire Water employees who
  collected the samples in all weathers!
• To you for listening!