Teaching Special Students in General Education Classrooms 7th edition

1
Chapter 5

• Managing Classroom Behavior

5.1
2
Behavior Problems in the Classroom can be varied.

• Classroom Conduct Problems
• Study Skill Problems
• How Problems Are Exhibited
• Low rate of appropriate behaviors
• High rate of inappropriate behaviors
• Absence of appropriate behavior from students
  repertoire
• Establish Context Solicit examples from class.

5.2
3
Principles of Managing Behavior

• Behavior is Learned
• Operant behaviors vs. respondent behaviors.
• Antecedents and Consequences
• A B C -
• Classroom Organization can influence behaviors.
• Increasing Behaviors is a focus of teaching
• Positive reinforcement R
• Negative reinforcement R-
• always the first option.

5.3
4
More Principles of Managing Behavior

• Decreasing Behaviors is the second choice.
• Extinction (3 components)
• Punishment by withdrawing or administering
• Response Cost (withdrawing)
• Time-out (withdrawing)
• Aversive consequences (administering)
• Identify Consequences that Are Meaningful to
  Students Reinforcement Menu
• Beware of Noneducational Interventions

5.4
5
Methods for Gathering Data

• Functional (Behavioral) Assessment (FBA)
• Direct Observation of Behavior
• Specify the Behavior Being Observed
• Narrative recording write down all you observe
• Sequence analysis indicate A, B, C
• Select a Measurement System
• Permanent product recording written paragraphs,
  math tests, broken pencils, EDF 302 test
• Event recording - of hand raises during class
• Duration recording - of seconds/minutes a
  behavior occurs
• Interval recording a grid like graph paper

5.5
6
More on Direct Observation of Behavior

• Who Observes? Parent, para, principal
• How Often Do Observations Occur?
• Collect and Graph Baseline Data (see next slide)
• Collect Data During Interventions (see next slide)

5.6
7
Graphing Baseline and Intervention Data Fig. 5-4
5.7
8
Positive Strategies for Managing and Improving
Behavior

• Establish Behavioral Expectations and Communicate
  them to Students
• Class rules
• Prevent Inappropriate Conduct by Monitoring
  Behavior and Providing Feedback
• Negative and Positive Attention
• Reinforce Appropriate Behavior
• Provide Reinforcers that are Valued by Students
• Premack Principle

5.8
9
Schedules of Reinforcement

• Fixed ratio Give R every nth time.
• Variable Ratio Give R on average every nth
  time
• Fixed Interval
• Variable Interval

5.9
10
More Positive Strategies for Managing and
Improving Behavior

• Token Economy - Coupons
• Contingency Contracts Agreements between
  student(s) and teacher
• Shaping
• Modeling
• Contingency Models
• Group contingencies
• Team-based contingencies
• Self Monitoring Pair this with Contingency
  Contracts
• Parent Involvement

5.10