Chapter 2: Personality and SelfEsteem

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Chapter 2Personality and Self-Esteem

• Personality and Mental Health
• Self-Esteem
• Expressing Emotions

Mr. Similo
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Personality and Mental HealthDescribing
Personality

• PERSONALITY the qualities and traits, including
  behavior feelings, that are characteristic of a
  specific person.
• How would you describe your own personality?
• EXTROVERT friendly, outgoing
• INTROVERT person whose thoughts and feelings are
  directed inward

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Personality and Mental HealthDescribing
Personality

• OPTIMIST person who focuses on the positive side
  of things and expects a favorable outcome
• PESSIMIST person who focuses on the negative
  side of things and expects an unfavorable outcome
• ASSERTIVE self-assured able to stand up for
  oneself and express feelings in an
  non-threatening way
• PASSIVE holding back ones feelings and yielding
  to others
• AGGRESSIVE communicating ones opinions and
  feelings in a way that may seem threatening or
  disrespectful to others

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Personality and Mental HealthThe Healthy
Personality

• MENTAL HEALTH the state of being comfortable
  with oneself, with others, and with ones
  surroundings.
• People who are mentally healthy are
• Realistic about strengths and weaknesses
• Avoid high risk behaviors (drugs, tobacco, etc.)
• Fun loving and are able to relax alone or with
  others
• Able to LAUGH at themselves
• View a change as a challenge and an opportunity
• Put their talents and abilities to good use.
• Able to feel enjoyment and a sense of achievement
• Respect everyones value as a human being
  including their own

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Personality and Mental HealthHow is Personality
Formed?

• 1.Heredity born with distinct temperaments
• 2.Environment modifies traits
• MODELING copying the behavior of others
• Friends, family, school, teachers, and culture
• American teens spend more than 50 of their time
  with other teens
• PEER GROUP people who are about the same age and
  share similar interests
• By young adulthood your personality traits are
  fairly well established
• Still able to work to change traits with which
  you are not satisfied

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Self-EsteemSelf-Esteem and Your Health

• SELF-ESTEEM the confidence and worth that you
  feel about yourself
• More than any other factor, SELF-ESTEEM has a
  DIRECT effect on all aspects of your health-
  mental, social, and physical.

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How is self esteem formed?

• Over the years you have received feedback -
  messages from others that indicate who they think
  you are or what they think you are like.
• Positive and negative feedback from parents,
  peers, media both verbal and nonverbal.
• A person with mostly positive feedback will have
  high self esteem
• A person with mostly negative feedback will most
  likely have low self esteem and fragile mental
  health.

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Self-EsteemSelf-Esteem and Your Health

• Teens with low self- esteem
• Increased chance of serious health problems
• More likely to use drugs
• More likely to drop out of school
• More likely to suffer from eating disorders

• Improving self- esteem
• Learn to focus on strengths
• Select friends who will support encourage you
  to do your best
• Avoid dwelling on defeat
• Practice good health habits
• Avoid doing things that go along with the crowd
• Set goals for yourself
• Take time each day to do something you enjoy
• Avoid negative thinking
• Have the ability to LAUGH at yourself

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Expressing EmotionsCommon Emotions

• EMOTIONS are signals that tell your body how to
  react they are simply the way your body and
  mind respond to input
• Love
• Many types of love (ex. Between family members,
  in marriage, and love between friends)
• Felt towards places, things, people
• One of the most positive emotions people are
  capable of
• Ability to give and receive love is essential to
  mental health

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Common Emotions

• Empathy is the ability to imagine and
  understand how someone else feels.
• It is being able to walk in anothers shoes.
• When you are empathetic, you can reach out to
  others and receive their gestures of warmth and
  caring in return.
• As with all emotions, it is not healthy to be
  overwhelmed with concern for others feelings at
  the expense of your own needs.

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Expressing EmotionsCommon Emotions

• Anger- When people let their emotions carry them
  into anger, they face dangers of losing
  friendships, losing their jobs, or precipitating
  violence from those whose actions have upset
  them. Positively directing emotional energy is
  essential to healthy living.
• Anger can be helpful or harmful
• How can it be helpful???

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What is the best way to deal with anger?

• 1. Accept and recognize feelings DO NOT ignore
  them!!
• 2. Find a HEALTHY way to express those feelings!
  Go for a walk, scream, punching bag no, not
  your younger brother
• 3. After you have calmed downand it may take
  several days, think about EXACTLY what made you
  angry
• 4. Consider what constructive action you can take
  to improve the situation or prevent another angry
  episode.

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Expressing EmotionsCommon Emotions

• Anger
• Primary Emotions that cause Anger
• Disappointment
• Embarrassment
• Jealousy
• Hurt Feelings
• Frustration
• Fear

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Expressing Emotions

• Fear
• Everyone is afraid of something
• Can be helpful in saving you from life
  threatening situations
• Can be harmful if you avoid a situation out of
  fear, rather than confront it
• Body responses
• Heart races
• Increased breathing
• Loss of appetite
• Loss of sleep
• Headaches

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Expressing EmotionsCommon Emotions

• Guilt
• Can stop you from doing something you know is
  wrong
• Too much guilt could lead to doubt in oneself
• Best way to deal with guilt is to correct the
  situation if possible and to talk about your
  feelings

• Happiness
• Strong positive emotion
• Normal response to pleasant events in ones life
• What makes you feel happy?
• The good feelings that result from activities
  which make you happy will stay with you for the
  rest of you life

VS.
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Expressing EmotionsCommon Emotions

• Sadness
• Sorrow or unhappiness
• Normal response to disappointing events in ones
  life
• Feeling usually passes quickly, but prolonged
  sadness could be a sign of depression
• DEPRESSION an emotional state in which you feel
  hopeless and worthless
• GRIEF a period of deep sorrow
• Overcoming sadness
• Admit emotion
• Share feelings

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Expressing EmotionsCoping with Your Emotions

• COPING STRATEGY A way of dealing with an
  uncomfortable or unbearable feeling or situation
  used consciously or unconsciously
• Also known as
• DEFENSE MECHANISMS An unconscious or conscious a
  way of defending oneself against difficult
  feelings
• Sometimes coping strategies can protect you from
  painful events, but if overused, they can stunt
  emotional growth. If depended upon too much, one
  may not learn to express true feelings.

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Expressing Emotions Defense Mechanisms

• Denial
• Refusing to recognize the existence of an emotion
• Identification
• Assuming the qualities of someone you admire
• Compensation
• Making up for weakness in one area by excelling
  in another area

• Rationalization
• Making excuses for feelings and/ or actions
• Projection
• Putting your own faults onto another person
• Daydreaming
• Fantasizing to escape unpleasant reality

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Coping with Your Emotions-Defense Mechanisms
Cont.

• Displacement
• Transferring emotions from the original source to
  another
• Reaction Formation
• Behaving in a manner opposite to the way you are
  feeling
• Regression
• Reverting to immature behavior to express
  emotions
• Sublimation
• directing your energy into a useful rather than
  an unacceptable goal

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Expressing EmotionsCoping with Your Emotions

• Other Coping Strategies
• Confront situation, turn it into a positive if
  you can
• Release energy by exercising, cleaning, etc.
• Take a break by reading, walking, writing in a
  journal, etc.
• Talk through you feelings with someone you trust

• Harmful Coping Strategies
• Strong emotions could cloud a persons judgment
• A person could turn to coping strategies which
  make the situation worse for him/ her
• Acting out in violent ways
• Using alcohol or drugs
• Withdrawing from friends and family