SEA

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SEA (Strategic Environmental Assessment)
Case study Special border economic zone,
Chiengrai Province
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What is special border economic zone?
Can obtain special privilege for development
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What is SEA (Strategic Environmental Assessment)?

• SEA is defined as, "a systematic, comprehensive
  process of evaluating the environmental effects
  of a policy, plan or program and its
  alternatives." It provides decision makers with
  information on positive and negative
  environmental effects of a proposed policy, plan
  or program and a means to accentuate positive
  effects, and reduce or avoid negative ones.

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What are the differences between EIA and SEA?

• SEA differs from environmental assessments, which
  are legislated, project-based, site-specific
  analyses of environmental effects and impacts.
• SEA deals with broader environmental issues and
  is aimed at identifying strategic considerations
  at the policy level.

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Concept of SEA

• SEA is one step back from project
  specific EIA

• SEA is intended to help decision makers
  avoid environmental problem when approving
  policies, plans and programs

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Concept of SEA
- SEA can establish an appropriate context
for project EIA, for doing cumulative effects
assessment such as gt Pre
identification of issues and impacts that
warrant detailed examination gt Assist
project EIA to deal with cumulative effects
management
- Types of SEA are either area level (area
based) or sectoral level (sectoral based)
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What are the outcomes of SEA ?

• SEA integrates environmental considerations into
  policy development early in the process, thereby
  helping to avoid possible economic, social or
  political liabilities.
• SEA generates valuable information to respond to
  public concerns and to support decisions.

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4 Steps of SEA process
Identify the direct and indirect outcomes of the
proposed policy, plan or program
SCAN important environmental effects?
If no
If yes
SEA is not required
Conduct an analysis of the environmental
effects to gather more information (reduce
negative effects/ increase positive effects and
follow up measures).

• Record findings and recommendations in decision
• documents provided to the decision maker.

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Objectives of Project (Chiengrai Province)

• To evaluate the potential of 3 designated
  districts of Chiengrai for being border economic
  zone. (Maesai, Chiengsaen and Chiengkhong
  district)

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Objectives of Project (Chiengrai Province)
Physical resources

• To assess the environmental impacts due to the
  development of border economic zone (direct
  indirect impacts)

Biological resources
Human use values
Quality of life
Local people participation
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Objectives of Project (Chiengrai Province)

• To set up strategic and action environmental plans

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Scopes of study

• Review governmental policy and strategic
  development in border economic zone

Obtain the guidelines for natural resources and
environmental conservation
Obtain the guidelines for natural resources and
environmental use in both short and long term
To empower the local people and organization to
participate
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Scopes of study

• Using natural and environmental database via GIS
  (Geographic Information System) software to
  determine the sensitive areas and potential areas
  for development

• Provide strategic and action environmental
  plans

• Set up the coordination plans of natural and
  environmental resources

• To provide the manual and provincial seminar
• in Chiengrai province

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GIS software applications
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Layer to be used in GIS analysis to determine the
restrict area or Conservative Zone

• Forest Conservative Zone (C)
• Watershed Level 1A,1B
• Slope Complex slope gt 35 degree
• Wetland RAMSAR site
• Existing Land use Paddy field, Tree (soil
  suitability in Class I)
• Archeology Buffer Zone 1,000 m. from point

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Forest- Watershed level- Slope Complex-
Wetland

• These above layers were selected according to
  Thai regulation.

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Existing Land use

• This layer was selected since Thailand is
  Agricultural country, soil that is suitable for
  agriculture should be preserved.

- Archeology values

• The distance of 1000 meters should be provided
  around the archeological site to prevent the
  impact from industrial and other activities.

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GIS database of administrative zone district
level
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GIS database of administrative zone sub-district
level
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GIS database of forestry
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GIS database of land use
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GIS database of watershed
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GIS database of watershed classification zone
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Employ Overlay Technique for selected parameters
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Using related database

• Example
• Forestry area
• Land use zone
• Water quality
• Watershed

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Ex. Overlay of forestry, water shade and land use
Restrict area
Potential for development
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Potential zone
Sathan
Overlay with administrative zone
Sridonchai
Restrict area
Huaisor
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Strategic environmental plan
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Concept
Local public participation acceptance
Local environmental constraints
Governmental policy
Local plans
Employ (GIS) technology
Local strategic environmental plan
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Coordination plan
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Action plans
firm
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Action plans
Coordination plan
O U T C O M E
Conservation of natural and environmental
resources
Conservation of culture and arts
Promote ecotourism
Community wastewater management
Community solids waste management
Hazardous and industrial waste management
Environmental prevention and protection plan
Environmental prevention and protection plan for
3 districts - To be acceptable as standard
level - Rehabilitation the culture and historical
values - Environmental monitoring plan
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Thank you for your kind attention