Structured Cabling Project

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Structured Cabling Project

• Shawn Shuoh-Ren Tsai
• Cisco Academy Training Center
• David Ta-Wei Shih
• CGUIC

2
Safety Procedures

• safety is the primary concern.
• general safety precautions, while working with
  network building materials - both electrical and
  construction.

3
Network Documentation

• engineering journal
• logical topology
• physical topology
• cut sheets
• problem-solving matrices
• labeled outlets
• labeled cable runs
• summary of outlets and cable runs
• summary of devices, MAC addresses, and IP
  addresses

4
Work Flow

• installing outlets
• installing jacks
• running cables
• punching cables into patch panels
• testing cables
• documenting cables

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Work Flow (cont)

• installing NICs
• installing hubs, switches, bridges, and routers
• configuring routers
• installing and configuring PCs

6
TIA/EIA-568-A Standards
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TIA/EIA-568-A specifies two types of wall mounts

• the surface mount -- easier to install
• screw-mounted box.
• adhesive-backed box
• the flush mount
• drywall
• Select a position for the jack that will be 30-45
  cm above the floor
• plaster wall
• crumbles easily
• wood baseboard
• avoid cutting the opening into the bottom 5 cm of
  the baseboard

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Place Copper Wires into a Jack

• A LANs performance is closely linked to the
  quality of its connections
• the wiring sequence is critical to ensure the
  best possible network performance. Sequencing
  refers to the process of matching the wires of a
  cable to the proper terminals on the jack.
• Try not to strip any more of the cable jacket
  than is necessary, approximately 2.5 cm.

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Place Copper Wires into a Jack
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Place Copper Wires into a Jack
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Documenting Cable Runs

• A cut sheet
• is a rough diagram that shows the locations of
  the cable runs.
• indicates the numbers of the classrooms, offices,
  or other rooms, to which the cables have been
  run.
• to place corresponding numbers on all
  telecommunications outlets and at the patch panel
  in the wiring closet.

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TIA/EIA-606 for Labeling Cables

• Labeling
• NO terms such as "Mr. Zimmerman's math class," or
  "Ms. Thome's art class".
• incorporate room numbers in the label information
  
• incorporate color coding
• For example, a blue label might identify
  horizontal cabling at the wiring closet only,
  while a green label might identify cabling at the
  work area. 
• mark the cable three times, approximately 60 cm
  apart
• Allow enough cable for the ends to reach all the
  way to each jack location, plus enough excess or
  slack to reach the floor and extend another 60-90
  cm.
• Do not cut the cables unless they have a label.

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mounting cables in raceway

• decorative raceway
• presents a more finished appearance
• gutter raceway
• a less attractive alternative to decorative
  raceway.
• mounted with adhesive backing or with screws

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SAFETY RULES

• turn off power to all circuits that might pass
  through those work areas
• Never, ever, touch power cables
• learn the locations of all fire extinguishers in
  the area.
• Long pants and sleeves help protect your arms and
  legs. Avoid wearing excessively loose or baggy
  clothing.

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SAFETY RULES (cont)

• protect your eyes with safety glasses
• If you anticipate working in a dropped ceiling
  area, survey the area.
• Follow building safety codes

19
Supporting Horizontal Cables

• wall-mounted gutter
• tie-wraps
• ladder rack
• Tools
• A telepole
• is nothing more than a telescoping pole with a
  hook at one end to hold the cable.
• is used to string cable across a dropped ceiling
  or attic quickly.
• fishing cable
• When you pull cable up through a wall, you
  ordinarily work from an attic or dropped ceiling
  space

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Wiring Closets

• the equipment in a wiring closet includes
• patch panels
• wiring hubs
• bridges
• switches
• routers

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IDF and MDF

• Patch Panel
• Labels
• Switch board
• described by TIA/EIA-568-A as a horizontal
  cross-connect (HCC).
• proper wire sequence is critical for best network
  performance
• The wire and pin colors are not interchangeable
• Punch tools

22
Network Operating Test

• The baseline
• is a record of your network's starting point or
  newly installed performance capabilities.
• Continue to test your network on a regular basis
  in order to ensure that it performs at its peak
• A cable tester is a hand held device that can
  certify that cable meets the required IEEE and
  TIA/EIA standards.

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Cable Tester

• determine cable distance
• locate bad connections
• provide wire maps for detecting crossed pairs
• measure signal attenuation
• measure near-end crosstalk 
• detect split pairs 
• perform noise level tests 
• trace cable behind walls 

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Cable Tester (Cont)
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Wire Maps

• Crossed Pairs
• When wires are connected in reversed order, they
  are referred to as crossed pairs
• Split Pairs

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Cable Tester

• Cable testers generally measure attenuation at
  several frequencies. Cable testers for CAT 5
  cable generally measure up to 100 MHz.

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Near-end crosstalk

• The most common cause is crossed pairs
• twisted pairs that have become untwisted
• cables that have been pulled too tightly
• If you measure near-end crosstalk, you should do
  a visual check of the horizontal cabling, in
  order to rule out any of these possibilities. If
  you find nothing, then split pairs have most
  likely caused the problem