Mounting File Systems Chap. 8

1
Mounting File Systems(Chap. 8)

• ICE System Consultant 2nd
• 2002? 7? 3?

2
Objectives

• Define the term mount point
• Identify mounted and unmounted file systems
• Mount file systems using mount / mountall command
• /etc/mnttab, /etc/vfstab
• Unmount local remote file systems using umount
  / umountall command
• Mount access residing on removable media
  devices (diskettes and CD-ROMs)

3
Working With File Systems

• Mount point
• Directory that is the point of connection for a
  file system
• File system commonly referred to by the names of
  their mount points

4
Identifying Mounted File Systems

• /etc/mnttab file
• The mount command maintains the /etc/mnttab file
• /mount point mount point or directory name
• Device name the name of the device that is
  mounted
• Mount options
• The mounted date time

5
Mounting File Systems

• /usr/sbin/mount command
• Lists which file systems are currently mounted
• Provide method for mounting file systems
• /etc/vfstab file
• Automatically mount file systems at boot time
• Format
• mount options device_name mount_point
• Ex) mount /dev/ded/c0t0d0s7 /export/home
• Options
• Read/write indicates the file permissions
• Setuid permits the execution of setuid programs
• Nologging disables logging for the ufs file
  system
• Largefiles allows for the creation of files
  larger than 2Gbytes

6
Mounting File Systems (Cont.)

• Onerroraction recover from an internal
  inconsistency on a fs
• Panic force system shutdown (default)
• Lock forbid read/write
• Umount forcibly unmounts
• Options are preceded by the o flag
• Ro read only
• Nosuid prohibits the execution of setuid
  programs
• Noatime
• Nolargefiles prevents large files (2G)
• Logging enables logging
• Ex) mount o ro,nosuid /dev/dev/c0t0d0s7 /usr

7
Automatic Mounting of File Systems

• /etc/vfstab (virtual file system table)
• Add the file systems to the /etc/vfstab file
• Device to mount the block device to be mounted
• Device to fsck the character device to be
  checked by the fsck
• Mount point the name of directory for mount
• FS type the type of file system
• Fsck pass indicate whether the file system is
  to be checked by fsck at boot time
• Mount at boot whether mount the boot time
• Mount options

8
Automatic Mounting of File Systems (Cont.)

• /usr/sbin/mountall command
• Read the /etc/vfstab file at boot sequence
• Can be used by root for /etc/vfstab anytime
• Checking file systems before mounting
• Check whether the file system is in a usable
  state to be safely mounted
• Fsck can recover the unstable state

9
Unmounting a File System

• /usr/sbin/umount command
• Removes it from the file system mount point
• Ex) umount /export/home
• umount /dev/dev/c0t0d0s7
• /usr/sbin/umountall command
• Unmounts all file systems specified in vfstab
  except /, /usr, /proc, /dev/fd, /var, /var/run,
  and /tmp

10
Unmount a Busy File System

• Any file system that is busy is not available for
  unmounting
• umount file_system_name busy
• Two method
• Fuser commnad
• fuser cu mount_point displays currently
  active processes
• fuser ck mount_point kill all processes
  accessing the fs
• fuser c mount_point verify
• umount mount_point unmount
• umount f mount_point only Solaris8

11
Procedure for Mounting a New File System

• The procedure that add a new disk
• Setup the disk hardware
• Reboot -- -r
• format for partition
• newfs format command in DOS
• mkdir /test create mounting point
• mount /dev/dsk/c0t1d0s6 /test mount the new fs
• mount check
• vi /etc/vfstab edit the /etc/vfstab file

12
Removable Media Device Management

• Vold daemon
• /usr/sbin/vold
• By default, this service is always running on the
  system to automatically manage diskettes and
  CD-ROMs for regular users
• /etc/init.d/volmgt stop/start
• volcheck
• /usr/bin/volcheck
• for floppy
• Remove the media
• CD eject
• Floppy eject floppy

13
Mounting Different Types of File Systems

• Mount command mount a ufs type by default
• -F optoin specify the type of file system to be
  mounted
• Ex) mount F hsfs o ro /dev/dev/c0t3d0s6 /cdrom
  for cdrom
• mount F pcfs /dev/diskette /pcfs for
  floppy

14
Determining a File Systems Type

• Mount command needs the file system type
• /etc/vfstab for the FS type field
• /etc/default/fs for a local file system type
• /etc/dfs/fstypes for a remote file system type
• Default local file system type
• /etc/default/fs LOCALufs
• Default remote file system type
• /etc/dfs/dfstypes
• Ex) grep /user /etc/vfstab /user file systems
  type
• Fstyp /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0