Massachusetts Deaths 2005

1
Massachusetts Deaths 2005

• Malena Hood, Epidemiologist
• Massachusetts Department of Public Health
• Center for Health Information, Statistics,
• Research, and Evaluation
• Division of Research and Epidemiology

March 2007
2
Causes of Death Massachusetts 1842-2005
Infectious Disease
Heart Disease
Cancer
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
3
Outline

• Highlights
• Selected Causes of Death
• Heart Disease
• Cancer
• Diabetes
• Injury
• HIV/AIDS
• Premature Mortality
• Summary

4
Highlights

• Trends
• Comparisons with U.S.
• Gender and Age
• Race and Ethnicity
• Education

5
Massachusetts Deaths 2005 Average Day (147
Deaths)
1 Fewer than one HIV/AIDS deaths per day
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
6
Life Expectancy at BirthMassachusetts vs. U.S.
1900-20051
Massachusetts
MA 79.8 years U.S. 77.8 years
United States
1 2004 Data. 2005 U.S. Data was not available at
the time of this release
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
7
Life Expectancy by Gender and AgeMassachusetts
2005
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
8
Joinpoint Analysis (JPA)

• A trend analysis tool developed by the National
  Cancer Institute
• Creates a model (graph) that best describes the
  trend in events
• Points where the trend turns around are called
  joinpoints
• Shows the Annual Percentage Change (APC) for each
  line segment in the model

9
Overall Mortality Rates Massachusetts and U.S.
1994-2005
United States1
Massachusetts
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population.
Statistically Significant (p .05)
1 2004 Data. 2005 U.S. Data was not available at
the time of this release
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
10
Percentage Difference in Death Rates
Massachusetts vs. U.S.1 2005
Influenza/ Pneumonia
Diabetes
Homicide
Heart Disease
Infant Mortality
Overall
Cancer
Suicide
difference
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population.
Statistically Significant (p .05)
1 2004 Data. 2005 U.S. Data was not available at
the time of this release
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
11
Leading Causes of Death Massachusetts 2005
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
12
Leading Causes of Death Massachusetts 2000 and
2005
Rate CAUSE
2000 2005 Change
Heart Disease 216.7
172.2 ?21 Cancer 206.1
184.9 ?10 Stroke 50.9
38.1 ?25 Chronic Lower
Respiratory Disease 41.8 35.7
?15 Injuries 35.9
39.1 ?9 Alzheimers Disease
19.5 19.8 ?1
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population.

Statistically Significant (p .05)
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
13
Leading Causes of Death by Age Massachusetts
2005
of Total in Total
Age Leading Cause Age Group
Deaths 1-14 Injuries 33
113 15-24 Injuries 73 489 25-44
Injuries 38 2,173 45-64
Cancer 38 8,355 65-74
Cancer 39 7,905 75-84
Cancer 30 15,632 85 Heart
Disease 31 18,718
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
14
Mortality Rates by Race and EthnicityMassachusett
s 2005
N51,785
N2,136
N570
N1,230
N53,776
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population
Statistically Significant (p .05)
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
15
Rankings of Selected Causes of Death by Race and
EthnicityMassachusetts 2005

• CAUSE White1 Black1
  Asian1 Hispanic
• Heart Disease 1 2 2 2
• Cancer 2 1 1 1
• Stroke 3 3 3 5
• CLRD2 4 8 6 9
• Homicide 28 7 -
  8
• Unintentional Injuries 6 6
  4 3
• Alzheimers Disease 7 15
  10 16
• Diabetes 9 4 11 4
• HIV/AIDS 27 10 - 7

1 Non-Hispanic, 2 Chronic Lower Respiratory
Disease
Note The lower the number the higher the rank
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
16
Mortality Rates by Education Adults 25-64
YearsMassachusetts 2005
Statistically Significant (p .05)
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population 12000
Population Estimates
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
17
Mortality Rates by Education and Race/Ethnicity,
Adults 25-64 Years1Massachusetts 2005
Statistically Significant (p .05)
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population
1Uses 2000 Population Estimates
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
18
Mortality Rates by Race/Ethnicity Adults 25-64
Years1 with More than a High School
EducationMassachusetts 2005
Statistically Significant (p .05)
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population
1Uses 2000 Population Estimates
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
19
Selected Causes of Death

• Heart Disease
• Cancer
• Diabetes
• Injury
• HIV/AIDS

20
Heart Disease Mortality Rates Massachusetts and
U.S. 1994-2005
United States1
Massachusetts
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population
Statistically Significant (p .05)
1 2004 Data. 2005 U.S. Data was not available at
the time of this release
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
21
Number of Heart Disease Deathsby Age and
GenderMassachusetts 2005
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
22
Cancer Mortality Rates Massachusetts and U.S.
1994-2005
Massachusetts
United States
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population
Statistically Significant (p .05)
1 2004 Data. 2005 U.S. Data was not available at
the time of this release
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
23
Type of Cancer Deaths by Age Massachusetts 2005
of Total in Total
Age Most Frequent Age Group
Cancer Deaths 1-14 (tie)
Brain Nervous System (tie) Leukemia
24 25 15-24 Leukemia
30 30 25-44 Female breast cancer 19
346 45-64 Lung Cancer 28
3,148 65-74 Lung Cancer 36
3,063 75-84 Lung Cancer 28
4,210 85 Lung Cancer 18
2,337
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
24
Cancer Mortality Rates by Gender Massachusetts
2005

Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
25
Diabetes-Related DeathsMassachusetts 1999-2005
1,271
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
26
Diabetes-Related Deaths by Age Group
Massachusetts 1999-2005
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
27
Causes of Injury Deaths Massachusetts 2005
Total Injuries 2,657
Other 20
27 Other (alcohol, gases,
vapor, NSAIDS, etc) 73 Narcotics,
psychodysleptics,
hallucinogens
Firearm 8
Falls 11
Suffocation, Hanging, or Strangulation
12
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
28
Leading Causes of Injury DeathsMassachusetts
2000 and 2005
Rate CAUSE
2000 2005 Change
Poisonings 9.0
12.2 ?36 Narcotics,
psychodysleptics, hallucinogens 6.3
9.0 ?43 Motor vehicle-related
7.6 7.2 ?5
Hanging/Suffocation 4.0 4.9
?23 Falls 3.2 3.8
?19 Firearm Deaths 2.7
3.4 ?26
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population.

Statistically Significant (p .05)
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
29
Poisonings Death Rates (including drug
overdoses)Massachusetts 1994-2005
Narcotics, psychodysleptics, hallucinogens
Statistically Significant (p .05)
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population. An ICD
coding change occurred between 1998 and 1999.
Caution should be used when examining trends
across this time period.
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
30
Injury Deaths by Intent Massachusetts 2005
Total Injuries 2,657
4
24
71
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
31
Intentional Injury Deaths by Cause Massachusetts
2005
Suicide (n469)
Homicide (n177)
Intentional Injury Deaths (646 deaths)
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
32
Suicides Rates Massachusetts and U.S. 1994-2005
United States1
Massachusetts
1 2004 Data. 2005 U.S. Data was not available at
the time of this release
Statistically Significant (p .05)
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population.
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
33
Homicide Rates Massachusetts and U.S. 1994-2005
1 2004 Data. 2005 U.S. Data was not available at
the time of this release
Statistically Significant (p .05)
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
34
Homicide Rates by Race and Ethnicity
Massachusetts 1994-2005
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
35
Number of HIV/AIDS Deaths Massachusetts
1987-2005
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
36
HIV/AIDS Death Rates Massachusetts 1994-2005
Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population.
Statistically Significant (p.05)

Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
37
Percent of HIV/AIDS Deaths by Age
GroupMassachusetts 1994-2005
Less than 45 years
45 years
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
38
Percent Female HIV/AIDS Deaths Massachusetts
1989-2005
(Nfemale 58, Ntotal 180)
(Nfemale 45, Ntotal 404)
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
39
Premature Mortality
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Premature Mortality Rate (PMR)1

• Definition
• deaths before age 75
• Rationale
• two-thirds of deaths to persons ages 75
• Focusing on deaths to persons less than 75 years
  may be more preventable
• Summary health statistic
• excellent measure to reflect the health status of
  a population
• used as a health status indicator that can be
  used to focus prevention initiatives and target
  programs

1 Rates are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted
to the 2000 US standard population under 75 years
of age.
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
41
Communities with the Best Premature Mortality
RatesMassachusetts 2005
Massachusetts 317.0
Newton 172.4 Brookline 198.8 Cambridge
237.5 Framingham 273.3 Methuen 281.4
1 Selected from among the 30 Massachusetts
communities with the largest populations. Rates
are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the
2000 US standard population under 75 years of
age.
Statistically Significant (p .05)
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
42
Communities with the Worst Premature Mortality
RatesMassachusetts 2005
Massachusetts 317.0
1 Selected from among the 30 Massachusetts
communities with the largest populations. Rates
are per 100,000 population. Age-adjusted to the
2000 US standard population under 75 years of
age.
Statistically Significant (p .05)
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
43
Premature Mortality Rates (PMR) by
RegionMassachusetts 2005
Source Massachusetts Department of Public
Health, Center for Health Information,
Statistics, Research, and Evaluation
44
Summary Massachusetts Deaths 2005

• The Massachusetts death rate was the lowest on
  record
• Life expectancy reached a record high
• Death rates from many leading causes continued to
  decline
• Significant declines in heart disease and stroke
  death rates from 2004
• Massachusetts compared favorably to the U.S.

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Summary (continued)

• The distribution of HIV/AIDS deaths continues to
  change
• Increasing trends that must be closely monitored
• poisonings
• homicides
• Disparities persist by
• gender
• race and ethnicity
• education
• geography

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How Can You Access This Information?

• Hard Copies [phone]
• TDD/TTY [phone]
• MDPH Website
• http//www.mass.gov/dph/resep

47
Accessing Massachusetts Deaths 2005 Data on
MassCHIP

• MassCHIP (DPHs Internet-based public health
  information service)
• Website http//masschip.state.ma.us
• Telephone 1-888-MASCHIP (Mass only)
  [phone]
• New Release (Version 3.0 r318)
• - Massachusetts Deaths 2005
• - Updated Data Sets

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Thank You