FDR's New Deal / World War II

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FDR's New Deal / World War II
1933-1945
By Scott Relyea
And Nick Palladino
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The Great Depression and the New Deal

• When FDR came into power, the US was deep in
  depression. He proposed a solution called the New
  Deal.

• His plan to end the depression was based on the
  3 Rs.

Relief
FDRs plan was to first provide immediate
financial relief to the unemployed and
impoverished.
Recovery
Next, recovery was provided so that those who had
nothing could build back up themselves
Reform
Finally, the economy was reformed to prevent
future depression of this kind.
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FDR and his Hundred Days Congress established
many programs and administrations to provide jobs
and support for all those who had lost work.

• Civillian Conservation Corps (CCC) put 2.5
  million Americans to work maintaining and
  restoring forests beaches and parks for 1 a day.

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) helped farmers
and created jobs.
Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)
sent 5 million to depleting government relief
programs.
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The next step was to get the people of the US
back on their feet.

• Emergency Banking Relief Act of 1933 allowed the
  president to regulate banking transactions and
  foreign exchange.

• National Recovery Association (NRA) was an
  attempt to guarantee reasonable profits for
  business and fair wages and hours for labor,
  directed by Hugh Johnson.

• This was later deemed unconstitutional by the
  Supreme Court Schechter vs. US.

• This helped the steel, oil, and paper
  industries, by setting codes for wages, hours of
  work, levels of production, and prices for
  finished goods.

• Agricultural Adjustment Administration was
  offered as replacement for NRA, this encouraged
  farmers to reduce production by offering to pay
  for every acre plowed under paying farmers not
  to farm, also deemed unconstitutional in 1935.

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• 100 days congress passed the Glass Steagall
  Banking Reform Act which established the FDIC
  which ensured deposits up to 5,000.

• Securities and Exchange Commission was
  established as a watchdog administration for the
  stock market, to make sure it was more a free
  market than a casino.

• FDRs New Deal did greatly help the economy, but
  World War II was what helped the United States to
  break out of the depression.

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The Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor on December
7th, 1941 directly led to Americas entry in
World War II.
As a result, Japanese Americans were rounded up
and placed in internment camps all around the
country.
America adopted the Allied Powers war policy of
Get Germany First, despite the Japanese attack.
Massive military orders over 100 billion raised
the economy dramatically.
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America fought a total war, contributing as
much as possible on the home front to aid the war
effort.
Wartime production board managed production of
nonessential items.

• Passenger cars were manufactured less.

• Speed limits were imposed to save tires.

• Gasoline was rationed

The Bracero Program was established in 1942,
bringing Mexicans to the US to work.
Despite FDRs efforts to revitalize the souths
economy by building federal facilities there, 1.6
million blacks left the south in the Great
African Migration.
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The Allies and the United States were successful
against Germany despite Hitlers new, more
advanced fleet of submarines.
The British launched a 1,000 plane raid on
Cologne in May 1942, and drove Germany back 1,000
miles with their attack at El Alamein.
The Allies planned their D-Day invasion of
Normandy, France at the Teheran Conference.
The allies had taken Sicily in 1943, and would
take Normandy on June 6, 1944, despite heavy
German resistance.
George Patton and the US advanced further into
France and freed Paris in 1944.  
Hitler, knowing his chances of victory were
slimming, gathered all his reserves for 1 last
ditch effort. The Germans attacked the key to the
allied supply operation, the Port of Antwerp in
Belgium.
Although a large bulge was created in the allied
lines, the 101st airborne killed the final German
offensive.
Hitler knew he had lost, and killed himself on
April 30, 1945.
FDR died shortly after of a cerebral hemorrhage,
Harry S. Truman became took office.
May 7th, 1945 marked Victory in Europe Day, but
the war was not over yet.
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The Allies still faced the task of defeating
Japan, who had been slowly losing territory to
the United States, through US Island Hopping.
In 1942 was the Battle of the Coral Sea, where
the US stopped the Japanese onslaught and began
to take back lost lands.
US technology was more advanced than the
Japanese. Superior planes and submarines helped
to sink over 50 percent of the Japanese merchant
fleet.
City bombings also did major damage, one bombing
killed 83,000 people, equal to that of the 2nd
atomic bomb.
Iwo Jima and Okinawa were major US victories
despite heavy losses.
Truman advised Japan to surrender or be
obliterated, at the Potsdam Conference in July
1945.
They didnt listen
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Truman dropped 2 atomic bombs on Japan.
Fat Boy was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6th,
1945, killing close to 200,000.
Little Man was dropped on Nagasaki on August
9th, 1945, killing almost 90,000.
Shortly after the second bomb was dropped, Japan
surrendered. The war was over.
The war amounted to a total of about 1 million
American casualties
Including the deaths of military personnel,
civilians, and the Holocaust, the wars death
toll reached 60 million.
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