DHCP

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DHCP DNS
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DHCPIP Addresses Static or Dynamic

• If your network has a few machines and up to
  about ten and the network is local, you really
  dont need to mess with setting up DHCP, you can
  just assign all the IPs statically. Meaning
  going to each machine and telling the machine
  which IP/DNS/gateway to use.
• If your network has over ten it would be a good
  idea to set up DHCP, with large corporations
  having 3000 machines the task of going to each
  machine and entering IPs is absurd, it would
  take months to visit each machine.
• In general the only machines that should have
  Static addresses should be your WINS/DHCP/DNS
  machines, all of these services are usually on
  the same machine.
• And for your other servers such as Domain
  Controllers, mail servers, and web servers you
  would assign reservations based on that machines
  MAC address.

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Installing DHCP

• You install DHCP pretty much the same way you
  install any other network service, from
  Add/Remove windows components through Control
  Panel.

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• Next we will need to configure the DHCP Server
  Options, these configuration options will be sent
  to every client requesting the configurations.

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Installing DHCP

• Now we will need to set up Reservations
• Inside the DHCP snap-in, Right click on the
  folder called Reservations, and choose New
  Reservation.
• Here you will need to Name the Reservation,
  assign it an IP address, tell the DHCP server
  what the MAC address is of the machine, and if
  need be add a little description.

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Getting an IP Address

• The client will send out a broadcast request that
  the DHCP server will intercept, since the DHCP
  server is listening on the network for these
  broadcasts.
• Next the DHCP server will send the machine the
  Configuration settings that the DHCP is sending
  out, these settings will include things like its
  IP address, the address to the DNS and gateway
  servers, and the lease time for the IP address.
  The client will receive the settings and send out
  another broadcast telling the DHCP server that it
  confirmed it.
• The DHCP server will finish the procedure by
  sending back and acknowledgment of the request.
  If the client receives everything fine you have
  successfully set up the DHCP server.

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DNS History

• HOW DOES IP FIND A NAME OUTSIDE OF YOUR SUBNET OR
  OUTSIDE OF YOUR DOMAIN?
• The answer came in 1984 with the Domain Name
  System (DNS) which distributes the responsibility
  for names. It enables you to point your Web
  browser to a named website without knowing that
  websites IP address.

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Testing Our DHCP Server

• Run, Cmd, ipconfig /release
• Once the IP was released, we performed the
  ipconfig /renew command.
• Finally, we checked the IP to see if it changed
  to a new IP distributed by the DHCP Server.
• We did the same thing for a second machine and
  then assigned it a Reservation, so went through
  the same process to test it.

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How DNS Works

• There is a central naming clearing house for the
  Internet, the Internet Corporation for Assigned
  Names and Numbers which is the overall boss of
  DNS naming.
• Instead of trying to keep track of the name and
  IP address of every single machine in the
  Internet ICANN and its delegated registrars
  require that every Internet domain have at least
  two machines running that contain a database of
  that domains machines. These machines are
  called DNS servers.
• ICANN then needs only to know the IP address of
  the domains DNS servers, and when a request for
  a name resolution comes to ICANNs servers,
  ICANNs servers just refer the questioner to the
  domain in questions local DNS machine.

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Testing DNS

• Open a command prompt and ping the name of a
  computer on your network. If you get a reply,
  you have successfully setup and configured DNS.