Bacteria

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Bacteria
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Size of Bacteria

• Average bacteria 0.5 - 2.0 um in diam.
• RBC is 7.5 um in diam.
• Surface Area to Volume is 31
• Typical Eukaryote Cell SA/Vol is 0.31
• Food enters through SA, quickly reaches all parts
  of bacteria
• Eukaroytes need structures organelles

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Shapes of Bacteria

• Coccus
• Chain Streptoccus
• Cluster Staphylococcus
• Bacillus
• Chain Streptobacillus
• Coccobacillus
• Vibrio curved
• Spirillum
• Spirochete

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Bacterial Structures

• Flagella
• Pili
• Capsule
• Plasma Membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Cell Wall
• Spores

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Eukaryote Cell Structure
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Flagella

• Motility - movement
• Swarming occurs with some bacteria

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Cytoplasm

• 80 Water 20 Salts-Proteins)
• DNA is circular, Haploid (1N)
• Advantages of 1N DNA over 2N DNA
• More efficient grows quicker
• Mutations allow adaptation to environment quicker
• Plasmids extra circular DNA
• Antibiotic Resistance
• No organelles (Mitochondria, Golgi, etc.)

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Endospores

• Resistant structure
• Heat, irradiation, cold
• Boiling gt1 hr still viable
• Takes time and energy to make spores
• Bacillus anthracis - spores
• Used in biological warfare

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Bacteria

• Extreme Bacteria Domain of Archae
• Live near hydrothermal vents 250F, sulfur
  springs, saline lakes, acid locations.
• Extremophiles lover of extremes
• Chemosynthesis not photosynthesis
• Use Sulfate or Methane as energy source to make
  food for themselves since they are autotrophs
  (self feeders)

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