AMA Precision Aerobatics

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AMA Precision Aerobatics JUDGES TRAINING
PRESENTATION 2005
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SCHEMATIC MANEUVER DIAGRAMS AMA MASTERS 404
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404-1 - Takeoff
OPTIONAL approx 900 TURN Or270 TURN
Approx 2700 TURNDOWNWIND
Turnaround pilots choice
Approx 900 TURNDOWNWIND
520m
150m
300m
Approx 900 TURN
1200
ZERO LINE - Any flying behind zero line scores
zero points. Either TEN or ZERO for take-off
sequence. Second attempt at take-off scores zero.
Takeoff sequence not followed, zero (0)
points. Model takes off outside of the landing
zone, zero (0) points. Only two scores a 10 or a
0 may be awardedfor the take-off
sequence. Takeoff is complete when model has
finished turnaround to enter the box.
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404-2 - Stall turn, 5/4 roll up, 3/4 roll down

• Track not vertical at beginning and end of rolls
  and stall turn.
• Track of stall turn not 180 degrees.
• Over or under rotation of rolls, one point
  per15-Degree Rule.
• Rolls not centered in vertical lines.
• Loop segments not round and of equal radius.
• Pendulum movement after stall.Exit not same
  altitude and heading as entry.
• Roll rates not constant.

5/4 roll up (shown)3/4 roll down
1/4 loop
1/4 loop
Straight andlevel entry
Straight and level Inverted Exit
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404-3 Half Outside loop, 2 of 4 Roll on Exit
Straight and level exit

• Model not level at start or finish.
• 2 of 4 pt roll not immediately after half loop.
• Changes in heading after half loop or prescribed
  roll.
• Model heading does not finish exactly opposite
  direction of entry.
• Half loop not round.
• Over or under rotation on prescribed roll, one
  point per 15-Degree rule.

1/2 loop
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404-4 Reverse Avalanche from top / 1 Positive
Snap at Bottom
Straight and level inverted exit
Straight and level inverted entry

• Loop no t round
• Changes in heading during loop
• Wings not level during loop.
• Snap roll not 360 degrees, one point per
  15-Degree Rule.
• Roll not snap roll scores zero (0)

Positive snap roll
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404-5 -- Half Loop with Full Roll Out
Straight and levelInverted Entry

• Model not level at start or finish.
• Full roll not immediately after half loop.
• Changes in heading after half loop or roll.
• Model heading does not finish exactly opposite
  direction of entry.
• Half loop not round.
• Over or under rotation on prescribed roll, one
  point per 15-Degree rule.

1/2 loop
Straight and level exit
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404-6 Pyramid Loop with 1/2 Rolls up and down
1/4 loop
450 path
450 path
3/8 loop
3/8 loop

• Climbing and descending paths not of equal
  length.
• Half rolls not 180 degrees.
• Rolls not centered in corresponding legs.
• Model changes heading during loops and rolls.
• Maneuver does not start and finish at samepoint.
• Loop segments not round and of equal radius.
• Roll rates not constant.

• All loop segments must be same radius
• Entry and exit on same level
• All legs 45 degree flight path
• Equal length lines before and after rolls
• Climbing and descending paths not 45 degrees.

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404-7 (1 of 2) Humpty, push or pull on top, 1/4
Roll Up, 3/4 Roll Down

• Track not 90 degrees in climb and dive.
• Rolls not centered in vertical lines.
• Over or under rotation of roll, one point per
  15-Degree rule.
• Half loop not round.
• Loop segments not round with same size and
  radius.
• 1/2 loop not 90 degrees to the flightline

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404-7 (2 of 2) Humpty, push or pull on top, 1/4
Roll Up, 3/4 Roll Down

• Track not 90 degrees in climb and dive.
• Rolls not centered in vertical lines.
• Over or under rotation of roll, one point per
  15-Degree rule.
• Half loop not round.
• Loop segments not round with same size and
  radius.
• 1/2 loop not 90 degrees to the flightline

½ inside or outside loop
3/4 roll down
1/4 loop
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404-8 Quarter - Half Quarter Roll

• Model dos not hesitate at 90 and 270 degrees of
  rotation.
• Wings not perpendicular to horizon at hesitation.
• Roll rate not constant.
• Changes in heading.
• Changes in altitude.

Same roll direction throughout
Straight and level exit
Straight and level entry
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404-9 Half Inside Loop, 2 of 4 roll on exit
Straight and level exit

• Model not level at start or finish.
• 2 of 4 not immediately after half loop.
• Changes in heading after half loop or prescribed
  roll.
• Model heading does not finish exactly opposite
  direction of entry.
• Half loop not round.
• Over or under rotation on prescribed roll, one
  point per 15-Degree rule.

1/2 loop
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404-10 - Vertical Square 8 from the Middle,
Pilot's Option

• Loops not square.
• Vertical downward paths do not coincide.
• Loops not same size.
• Changes in heading.
• Wings not level.
• Sides of both squares not same size.
• Corner loops not of equal radius

Straight and level entry
Straight and level exit
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404-11 Mid-Entry Figure-9 with Half Roll down

• Loop components not round.
• Radii of loop components not equal.
• Half (1/2) roll not centered on down line.

15
404-12 -- Slow Roll

• Changes in heading.
• Changes in altitude.
• Roll rate not constant.
• Model does not roll exactly 360 degrees

Straight and level entry
Straight and level exit
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404-13 Humpty Bump, Pilots Option (2 Options
Shown)
Optional 1/4 rollor 1/2 roll up
½ inside or outside loop

• Track not 90 degrees in climb and dive.
• Rolls (as specified) not centered in vertical
  lines.
• Over or under rotation on prescribed roll, one
  point per15-Degree rule.
• Half loop not round.
• Loop segments not round with same size and
  radius.
• If optional 1/4 roll up is used,1/2 loop not 90
  degrees to the flightline.

If ¼ roll up then ¼ roll down
1/4 loop
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404-14 Square Loop with 2 of 4s all sides

• Loop not square.
• All rolls on middle of lines
• Point rolls not 90 degrees, one point per
  15-Degree Rule.
• Wings not level during one-quarter loops.
• Changes in heading during rolls and loops.
• Sides of square not of equal length.
• Corner loops not of equal radius.
• Roll rates not constant.

1/4 loop
1/4 loop
First 2 of 4
1/4 loop
1/4 loop
Straight and level entry
Straight and level exit
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404-15 - Stall turn, 1/2 Rolls up and down

• Model not level at start and finish.
• Track does not become exactly vertical.
• Model track not vertical at start and finish of
  rolls and stall turn.
• Return path not parallel to entry path.
• Pivot radius greater than 1/2 wingspan.
• Pendulum movement after stall.
• Loop segments not round with same size and
  radius.

1/2 rolls on up and down lines
1/4 loop
Straight and level entrance and exit
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404-16 - Inside-Outside Diamond 8 w/ Full Rolls
on centers

• Loops not square.
• Loops not equal in size
• Lines of square components not same size.
• Changes in headings.
• Wings not level.
• Corner loops not of equal radius.
• 1/1 rolls not centered on lines.
• Roll rates not constant.
• Loops not same height or base

Straight and level exit
Straight and level entry

• Lines not 45 degrees
• Changes in heading in loop segments or rolls.
• Rolls not centered in the center 45-degree down
  lines
• Over or under rotation of rolls, one point per
  15-Degree Rule.

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404-17 Immelmann Turn
Straight and level exit

• Not level at start
• Deviates left / right during half loop
• Half loop does not end exactly above loop start
  point
• Half roll does not commence immediately after
  half loop.
• Roll deviates from straight line
• Does note finish in level flight
• Model heading not exactly opposite the direction
  of entry
• Half loop not round

1/2 loop
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404-18 45 deg down 1 positive Snap

• Diving path not 45 degrees.
• Loop segments not round and of equal size and
  radius.
• Snap not a positive snap scores zero (0).
• Snap Roll not centered in diving path
• Changes in heading during loops or snap.

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404-19 Top Hat, 3/4 Roll Up / 1/4 Roll Down, Exit
Upright
End View

• Model not vertical at start and finish of rolls
• Over or under rotation on prescribed roll, one
  point per 15-Degree rule
• Model does not fly straight and level inverted
  and 90 degrees to the fightline.
• Rolls not entered on line segments.
• Roll rates not constant.
• Loop segments not round and of equal radius.

1/4 roll upInverted across top 3/4 roll down
1/4 loops same radius as at entry/ exit
1/4 loop
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404-20 -- Reverse Knife Edge

• One-quarter rolls more or less than 90 degrees.
• Model does not hesitate in the two (2) knifeedge
  positions.
• Roll rate not constant.
• Roll direction changes after each knife edge
  pause
• Middle of upright flight is middle of maneuver
• Look for reverse direction!

Straight and level entry
Look for reverse direction!
Straight and level exit
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404-21 - Half square loop, half roll up
Straight and level exit

• Corner loop segments not of equal radius.
• Model not vertical before and after prescribed
  roll.
• Model does not execute one half roll.
• Half Roll not on middle of vertical line
• Changes in heading in loop segments or during
  roll.
• Roll rate not constant.
• Up line track not vertical.

1/4 loop
1/4 loop
Straight and level entry
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404-22 2-1/2 -turn spin with half roll out
Straight and level entry

• Snap roll entry ZERO
• Model climbs or dives during entry or exit, one
  point per 15-Degree Rule. Entry ends with the
  stall and exit begins at completion of
  one-quarter (1/4) loop recovery to level flight.
• Wings not level during entry or exit.
• Track of model not parallel with flight line
  before stall or after recovery, one point per 15-
  Degree Rule.
• Wings not perpendicular to flightline at end of
  required number of turns, one point per 15-Degree
  Rule.
• Spiral dive or pure rotation around roll axis of
  more than one-half (1/2) turn - zero (0).
• Tail of model does not describe a cone during
  rotation - zero (0).
• Wing passes through vertical plane before nose
  passes through horizontal plane (snap roll entry)
  - zero.
• Fuselage reaches a vertical attitude before
  rotation begins (simulation of stall by
  application of elevator) - zero (0).

1/4 loop
1/2 roll to Straight and level exit
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404-23 Landing
1800 TURN (or 360 TURN if sequence ends
downwind)
1800 TURN
150m
300m
1200

• Either TEN or ZERO for landing sequence
• Must follow Landing Sequence or 0 points
• Any flying behind zero line scores 0 points.

• Model ends on back, 0 points
• Model impacts outside of landing zone, 0 pts
• Gear leg collapses or retracts- 0 points

• Landing Sequence complete when model is below
  flying speed and has rolled 10 meters.