Meera Warrier

1

• Meera Warrier
• Development Research Centre on Migration,
  Globalisation and Poverty
• University of Sussex
• m.warrier_at_sussex.ac.uk

2

• Presentation Outline
• Overview
• Key Issues
• Migration Flows Over History
• Perceptions of Labour Migration
• Skilled Migration
• Student Migration
• Emerging Landscapes

3

• Overview
• 200 mn international migrants, 3 of world
  population
• 60 in worlds most developed countries
• Principle forces driving migration development,
  demography and democracy (GCIM)

4

• Key Issues
• Working within the paradigm of the nation state
• Outer Face Labour Needs/ Humanitarian
  Considerations/Development
• Internal Face Marrying various interests
  citizens/trade unions/private enterprises/individu
  als
• Note Internal and External not exclusive of each
  other

5

• Major Migration Flows Over History
• 1500-1800 mercantile period
• 1800-1925 industrial period
• 1925-1950s limited migration
• 1950s onwards post industrial migration

6

• 1500-1850 The Mercantile Period

7

• 1850-1925The Industrial Period

8

• 1950s OnwardsPost-Industrial Migration

9

• Perceptions of
• Labour Migration
• Concerns with immigration mainly related to
  permanent settlement and its consequences for
  integration and race relations
• Little on the internationalisation of education
  and the movements of students
• Little on forms of immigrant entrepreneurship

10

• Skilled Migration
• Global integration of the highly skilled pool
  of substitutable labour with English as lingua
  franca, common skills, internationalised values
  and professional networks that cut across
  national borders

11

• Student Migration
• Internationalisation of higher education. Numbers
  substantial and increasing
• Major business today and multi-million dollar
  industry both directly through fees received
  and indirectly through establishment of links
  with other countries
• Studies on economics of labour education
  positively influences the probability and speed
  of absorption in the labour market

12

• Emerging Landscapes
• Labour shortages
• Development imperatives
• Demographic pressures
• Changes in policy

13

• Dependency Ratios

14

• Changes in Policy
• Shift in discourse from humanitarian towards
  demand for skills
• Shift to increasing highly skilled migration, and
  wariness of semi-unskilled migration
• Shift from permanent to temporary immigration
  policies