Internet GIS and Geospatial Information Technology

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National Taiwan Normal University, June 8th, 2005
Internet GIS and Geospatial Information
Technology
????????(GIS)??
by Dr. Ming-Hsiang (Ming) Tsou ??? E-mail
mtsou_at_mail.sdsu.edu Phone [phone] Fax
619-5944938
The Department of Geography, San Diego State
University
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Co-authored book--- Internet GIS Distributed
Geographic Information Services for the Internet
and Wireless Networks, 2003, published by John
Wiley Sons, Inc.

• Main topics
• Internet GIS
• Mobile GIS
• Wireless Integration
• GIS Education
• GIS Applications (NASA project, City project)

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Why Internet Mapping?
Flexible Information Access / Exchange (End-Users
only need a Web browser) (???????/??) Information
Sharing and Integration (???????) (Access
multiple Internet Map Servers at the same time
Local governments, USGS, EPA, Census,
etc.) Real-time Information Update and
Distribution Gather data from (?????????) client
sides (polices, firefighters), Distribute updated
data from server sides (control centers)
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Web-based GIS (Internet GIS)
San Diego State University
Client (Web browser) Java applets
Internet Map Server (ArcIMS)
Web Server (map.sdsu.edu
Internet
Client (Web browser) IMS Viewer
Client (Web browser)
Regional Database (GIS)
Server
Client
The Network is the Computer The Internet is Your
GIS.
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San Diego Wildfire 2003Combining census data and
remote sensing images. (Update daily --
Http//map.sdsu.edu
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Development History

• Internet (ARPANET 1970s, TCP/IP 1983)
• World Wide Web (HTTP 1990, Mosaic 1993)
• On-line GIS/Mapping
• The Xerox PARC Map Viewer (Putz,1994)
• GRASSLinks (Huse, 1995)
• The Alexandria Digital Library (1994)
• Organization
• The Open GIS Consortium (OGC, 1994)
• ISO/TC 211 (the 211 Technical Committee of the
  International Standards Organization, 1994)

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1994 The First Web-based Mapping Application
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Alexandria Digital Library http//webclient.alexa
ndria.ucsb.edu/mw/index.jsp (Old version 1994
-? New version 2004
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Internet GIS -- Key Technologies

• Internet Map Server (ESRIs ArcIMS, AutoDesks
  MapGuide, INTEGRAPHs GeoMedia Web Map,
  SmallWorlds Internet Application Servers, etc.)
• Componet Programming (JAVA, .NET, ASP..
  (cross-platform Java applets and Java Servlets)
• XML (Extensible Markup Language) for metadata and
  communication with Internet Map Servers (ArcIMS
  ArcXML).
• Web Services (UUDI, WSDL, SOAP)

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Sharing Data, Information, and Knowledge
????
????
????
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Web-based Image Overlay Function(Change
Detection Land User Analysis)
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GEOG 104(http//map.sdsu.edu/geog104)
Intro Geospatial Technology Movie (5 minutes)

• On-line lecture notes
• Web-based GIS exercises
• On-line Quiz
• Introduction to Cartography, Remote sensing,
  GPS, GIS and spatial analysis.

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NSF project Adopting Web-based GIS for the
Development of a Scalable GIS Education Program
(National Science Foundation 770,000, 3 years
Http//geoinfo.sdsu.edu/hightech
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A Scalable GIS Education Program

• High Schools
• Community Colleges
• Universities (four years undergraduate and
  graduate study M.A., M.S. and Ph.D. programs)
• (Seamless GIS Education Integration)
• Career Ladder for different levels of GIS
  professionals

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Education Tools and Outreach Activities
San Diego Bay Marine Monitoring
Earthquake Chasers
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Web-based GIS Learning Modules for High Schools

• Provide Web-based GIS exercises for existing High
  school courses in Geography, Earth Science,
  Biology, or Mathematics.
• Rather than create a brand-new courses for high
  school students. (Difficult to implement a new
  course in current high school schedules)
• Teach ________ with GIS (First Step)
• Teach ________ about GIS (in the future)

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Web-based GIS Advantagesfor high school teachers
and students

• Avoid the complicated (and often expensive)
  software installation in traditional GIS.
• Students can utilize a Web browser to access maps
  and GIS from anywhere (schools, homes, or
  libraries).
• Combine with Multimedia (sounds, animation, and
  3D) in an integrated Web environment.

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Mobile GIS (???GIS)

• Mobile GIS refers to an integrated
  software/hardware framework for the access of
  geospatial data and services through mobile
  devices via wireline or wireless networks (Tsou,
  2004).
• (Notebooks, PDA, Tablet PC, Pocket PC, etc.)
• WHY mobile GIS
• Field works data collection and validation
  process, coupled with GPS and wireless
  communications.
• Real-time update / change
• Global Positioning System (GPS) integration.

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Mobile GIS Architecture
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Global Positioning Systems
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Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Wi-Fi or WiMAX
Technology

• Different from cellular phone communication
  (CDMA, GPRS)
• Fast Transmission Speed, Good for GIS
  applications (large size of data/images)
• Wi-Fi (802.11b, 11Mbps, 2.4 Ghz), Wi-Fi5
  (802.11a, 54Mbps, 5GHz). 802.11g, and 802.11n
  (up to 200Mbps) -- MIMO (multiple input multiple
  output). Short distance 300 feet.
• WiMAX (available in late 2006) 802.16d, 802.16e
  (Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN). 30
  75 Mbps, 4 6 miles

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Wireless Mobile GIS IntegrationPrototype Testing
(2003 at MTRP)
(Notebook Web Server (IIS) ArcPAD Blue tooth
GPS Wi-Fi )
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User Scenario Environmental Monitoring and
Management Mission Trail Regional Park (short
movie)
Movies shot before the 2003 Wildfire. After the
Wildfire, another testing was conducted by
helping the park ranger to evaluate the damages
of wildfire and landform changes.
(Link to the movie MTRP.wmv)
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Real Time GIS for Emergency Response (NASA
funded REASoN Project, 1.8 million for five
years) Http//geoinfo.sdsu.edu/reason
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Metadata/Data Portal
Metadata is the key to effectively search/query
GIS data across the Internet
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Real-time Data Update from Pocket PC (ArcPAD) to
Internet Map Server (ArcIMS)
Wireless Communication
Submit new polygons (Hot-zones) from Pocket PC to
Internet Map Server (ArcIMS) via Wi-Fi channel.
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Mobile GIS with Real-time Tracking ServerESRI
ArcIMS Tracking Server (beta-version)
Dynamic Display the location of in-field Agents
(Park rangers, Fire fighters, etc.) -- Two way
communications
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Watershed Management (City of San Diego) 1M, 3
years
Http//www.sdbay.sdsu.edu
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Web Mapping for Water-quality Monitoring
Interactive Mapping (Zoom-in, Zoom-out, Query)
Static maps (print out) JPEG or PDF
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A Vision of the Future

• NASA Movies (a vision of the future)
• GeoFusion Movie (3D Fly through landscape)
  http//www.geoplayer.com/gateways/

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Related Links and References
Thank You Q A

• Http//map.sdsu.edu
• Http//map.sdsu.edu/mobilegis
• Http//www.sdbay.sdsu.edu
• Http//geoinfo.sdsu.edu/reason

Books Papers (PDF available upon
request) Internet GIS (book) (Chapter 9.
mobile GIS) http//map.sdsu.edu/gisbook Tsou,
M.H. (2004). Integrated Mobile GIS and Wireless
Internet Map Servers for Environmental Monitoring
and Management, Cartography and Geographic
Information Science. 31(3), pp. 153-165.   Tsou,
M.H. (2004). Integrating Web-based GIS and
On-line Remote Sensing Facilities for
Environmental Monitoring and Management. The
Journal of Geographical Systems, No. 6 1-20.
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Backup Slides
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Real-time report submission and data upload
(from Pocket PC to Server)
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Evaluate Land Cover Change by ADAR Images via
Internet Map Server (MTRP BMX site)
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San Diego Emergency Response GIS Data Portal
http//geoinfo.sdsu.edu/metadataexplorer
Metadata Search Web Mapping
Downloadable Data
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A Scalable GIS Education Program

• High Schools
• Community Colleges
• Universities (four years undergraduate and
  graduate study M.A., M.S. and Ph.D. programs)
• (Seamless GIS Education Integration)
• Career Ladder for different levels of GIS
  professionals

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Problems

• Different school levels have different resources
  and GIS lab setting. (High school no GIS
  software/hardware, community college small GIS
  labs, few instructors, etc.)
• Lack of entry-level GIS courses for curriculum
  articulation (GIS courses in Community colleges
  (techniques-oriented) are quite different from
  Universities (theories and research-oriented).
• Need a Web portal for sharing research findings
  and publications to the GIS education community
  (K-12, community colleges, and Universities).

Solution Web-based GIS
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NSF- ATE (Advanced Technological Education)
Program) 2004 Award 3 years

• Overview
• Provide on-line, Web-based GIS learning modules
  for high school students and teachers.
• Provide grounding in fundamental GIS theory and
  concepts for community college students.
• Create GIS curriculum articulation between
  community colleges and universities.
• Help students assess their interest in and
  aptitude for GIS-related careers,
• Form an on-line community and portal for
  GIS-education research and related projects.

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Internship programGPS IntegrationTraining
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San Diego High Tech High School -- biology course

• San Diego Bay Biological Survey
• Study
• Diversity at Different Sites
• Affect of Human Activity
• Affect of Tidal Flow
• Appreciation
• Scientific Field Work/Inquiry-Based Learning

Barnacle (Boat Channel Study HTH Biotech
Website)
Student Field Work (Boat Channel Study HTH
Biotech Website)
Flatworm (Boat Channel Study HTH Biotech
Website)
Student Field Work (Boat Channel Study HTH
Biotech Website)
File Limpet (Boat Channel Study HTH Biotech
Website)
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Challenges

• Need to develop evaluation methods for Web-based
  GIS educations and Modules
• (How effective?)
• Cope with technology changes (Web technology
  changes every month). How to migrate from old
  technologies to new tools?
• Supports from administrative level.

Future Web services? Semantic Webs? Grid
computing?
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DACUM (Develop a Curriculum) Workshop

• Jan. 13 14th 2004

City of Chula Vista City of
Encinitas City of Escondido
SanGIS City of San Diego SANDAG County of
San Diego, Public Works Padre Dam Munic. Water
District County of San Diego, Planning and Land
Use
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(No Transcript)
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(No Transcript)
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GEOG 104 Geographic Information Science and
Spatial Reasoning

• Fundamental core course in the new B.S Degree in
  Geography Department with Emphasis in Geographic
  Information Science. (Major code 22061).
• Can be used for the Geographic Information
  Science Certificate program (as parts of 27
  required units).
• Promising Career Pathways in GIS
• The U.S. Department of Labor and the U.S.
  Department of Education Career Voyages Web site
  identify the geospatial industry as one of the
  key emerging and evolving industries, along with
  nanotechnology and biotechnology.
• Current Job Listing Examples (searched via Web on
  April-22-2005).
• Salary 47,164.00-73,103.68 annually. GIS
  Analyst II, Clark County Department of Aviation,
  Las Vegas, Nevada, US 05-0019
• Salary 60,000.00 to 80,000.00 per year.
  US-FL-Orlando-GIS Analyst, Hudson Engineering,
  Operations, and Aerospace.