Introduction of System Engineering

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Introduction of System Engineering

• Prof. Jer-Nan Juang
• Adjunct Professor
• National Taiwan University

Prof. Jer-Nan Juang 09/25/2008 (GSC)
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Outline

• Definition of System Engineering
• Systems Engineering Process Models
• System Engineering Standards

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Process Example A Table of Delicious Dishes
Customer
Delivery
Complaint Bad Quality
Business Behavior
FQC Final Quality Control
Requirements Eat
Final Check
Correction
Design Behavior
Recipe
Discount Improvement Trash
Market
Packing
Purchase Behavior
IPQC In Process Quality Control
Monitoring Measurement
Test
Bargain
Resources Facilities Cash Manpower Knowledge
Parameters TemperatureTaste Preparation Equipme
nt Sauce
IQC Incoming Quality Control
Production Behavior
Rinse
Cook
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An Example of PDCA
PLAN
2.1 BUS
Account Manger
Approval
Subsystem
2.1.1 AOCS
2.1.2 EPS
2.1.3 RCS
Application
CI
2.1.3.1 Battery
2.1.3.2 PCDU
2.1.3.3 Solar Array
DO
ACT
CHECK
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Homework System Process

• Describe a system process to manufacture a
  product of your interest.
• Describe a quality-control process for writing a
  technical report.

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Definition of System Engineering
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System Definitions

• An integrated set of equipment, computer program,
  facilities, human and logistical support
  resources, and procedures which are assembled to
  accomplish a single purpose or mission (NASA/CSS)
• A composite of equipment, skills, and techniques
  capable of performing and/or supporting and
  operational role (Army)
• A complete solution to a defined need(s) in its
  full environment over a prescribed lifetime (TRW)

Hardware
Software
Equipment
Technical Data
Facilities
Personnel
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Space Mission Architecture
Mission Operations
Subject
Space Mission Concept
Space Segment (P/LS/C)
Ground Segment
Launch Segment
Orbit and Constellation
Command Control Communications Architecture
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The Space System
Space System
Launch Segment
Space Segment
Ground Segment
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A Typical Space System
Space System
Launch Segment
Space Segment
Ground Segment
Ground Handling Equipment
Airborne Support Equipment
Communi- cation Services
Data Processing Facility
Launch Facility
Launch Vehicle
Launch Control
Flight Operations
Spacecraft
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What is the Systems Engineering ?
The Orchestra Needs a Conductor and ...
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What is the System Engineering?

• A logical sequence of activities and decisions
  that transforms an operational need into a
  description of system performance parameters and
  a preferred system configuration.
  (MIL-STD-499A5, Engineering Management, 1 May
  1974. Now canceled.)
• An interdisciplinary approach that encompasses
  the entire technical effort and evolves into and
  verifies an integrated and life-cycle balanced
  set of system people, products, and process
  solutions that satisfy customer needs. (EIA
  Standard IS-632, Systems Engineering, December
  1994.)
• An interdisciplinary, collaborative approach that
  derives, evolves, and verifies a life-cycle
  balanced system solution which satisfies customer
  expectations and meets public acceptability.
  (IEEE P1220, Standard for Application and
  Management of the Systems Engineering Process,
  Final Draft, 26 September 1994.)

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System Acquisition ?
System Acquisition
Through the Maze to System Acquisition
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Systems Engineering(Basic Concept)
Mission
(A Large Problem)
SYSTEMS ENGINEERING PROCESS (TO BE DECOMPOSED
INTO AN INTEGRATED SET OF SMALL PROBLEMS)
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2
3
N
TO BE SOLVED EFFECTIVELY MANAGED TO PRODUCE
AN OPTIMIZED SOLUTION
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System Acquisition Cycle

• Todays pace systems are so complex that the time
  scale from inception to operation can be 10 to 20
  years
• System engineering participates in this
  Womb-to-Tomb process and provides to the
  program historical records of trade analyses,
  requirements traceability, performance
  verification, and system operations

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System Acquisition Cycle (NASA)
ACRONYMS PAR - PROJECT APPROVAL REVIEW SRR
- SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS REVIEW SDR - SYSTEM
DESIGN REVIEW S/SDR - SUBSYSTEM DESIGN REVIEW PDR
- PRELIMINARY DESIGN REVIEW CDR - CRITICAL
DESIGN REVIEW TRR - TEST READINESS
REVIEW S/STR - SUBSYSTEM TEST REVIEW STR -
SYSTEM TEST REVIEW CA - CONFIGURATION
AUDIT ORR - OPERATIONAL READINESS REVIEW
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SE Role During Development Phases
Mission Definition
Program Phase
SRR
SDR
PDR
Requirements Development
Mission Statement Mission Objectives Mission A
rea Analysis System Concept Development Operatio
ns Concept Development Technology Development RF
P Preparation
System Needs
Preliminary Design
CDR
System Level Design Preliminary Requirements M
ission Ops Analysis System Architecture Developme
nt Requirement Development Verification Planning
Detailed Design
PSR
Requirements Baseline Preliminary Design
Below System Level System Design Development R
equirements Flowdown Development Specification
Production and Test
Design Baseline Detailed Design of Total
System Design Review and Monitoring
Post Launch Support
Fabrication Assembly IT System
Sell-off Test Monitoring Verification
System Engineering Role
Operation Maintenance On-Orbit Data
Analysis System Ops
System Design
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System Engineering Functions (Typical)
SYSTEM ENGINEERING
SYSTEM DATA PROCESSING
SYSTEM DEFINITION
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
SYSTEM DESIGN
SYSTEM VERIFICATION
SYSTEM OPERATIONS

• MISSION
• DEFINITION
• SYSTEM
• REQUIREMENTS
• FUNCTIONAL
• DEFINITION/
• ALLOCATION
• REQUIREMENTS
• ALLOCATIONS/
• TRACEBILITY
• SYSTEM/
• SEGMENT
• SPECIFICATIONS
• SYSTEM

• MISSION AND
• OPS ANALYSIS
• PERFORMANCE
• ANALYSIS
• UTILITY
• ANALYSIS

• CONFIGURATION
• DESIGN TRADES
• INTERFACE
• ENGINEERING
• TECHNICAL
• PERFORMANCE
• MEASUREMENT
• DESIGN REVIEW/
• EVALUATION
• RISK
• MANAGEMENT

• METHODOLOGY/
• PLANS
• VERIFICATION
• REQUIREMENTS
• ANALYSIS,
• SIMULATION,
• TEST PLAN
• VALIDATION
• AND
• ACCEPTANCE

• METHODOLOGY
• DEVELOPMENT
• PLAN AND
• ARCHITECTURE
• DATA
• PROCESSING
• REQUIREMENTS
• INTERFACE
• DEFINITION
• AND CONTROL
• DATA BASE/
• DEFINTION
• AND CONTROL

• MISSION/
• SYSTEM
• OPERATIONS
• CONCEPT AND
• REQUIREMENTS
• OPERATIONS
• PLANS
• PROCEDURES
• VALIDATION
• SIMULATION
• AND TRAINING
• PLANS
• INTEGRATED
• LOGISTICS
• PLANS

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System Hierarchy
SYSTEM
FORMOSAT-1

• One projects system is another
• projects component

SEGMENT
SPACE/GROUND
TYPICAL SOFTWARE NOTATION
ELEMENT
SPACECRAFT/PAYLOAD
SUBSYSTEM
SUBSYSTEM
EPS/TTC
INTEGRATED CSCIs
COMPONENT
COMPONENT
CSCI
BATTERY/ANTENNA
SUBASSEMBLY
MODULE
EXAMPLE
CSU
PART
PROCEDURE/ROUTINE
CU
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
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Holistic Thinking versus Local Thinking
Innovation Associates
0943-98
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Systems Engineering - Process Models
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Systems Engineering Process Models

• Software System
• Waterfall Model
• Spiral Model
• Enterprise System
• Vee Model
• Typical SE Model
• SIMILAR
• ANSI/EIA 632

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Waterfall Model
By Royce in 1970
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Spiral Model
By Boehm in 1988
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Vee Model
By Forberg and Mooz in 1992
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Vee Model
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Typical Systems Engineering Process
SE management guide, DSMC, Jan 1990
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Systems Engineering Process
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SIMILAR Process
By Bahill and Gissing in 1998
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SE Process in ANSI/EIA 632
ANSI American National Standards Insitute EIA
Electronic Industries Alliance
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33 Process Requirements Specified by ANSI/EIA 632
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System Engineering - Standards
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History of SE
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Evolution of Systems Engineering Standards