Organizational Change Management Team

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Organizational Change Management Team

• Myers-Briggs Personality Type
• Communication Through Understanding
• Session I

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What is Psychological Type?
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Psychological Type

• Is a theory of personality developed by Carl Jung
• Asserts that differences between people result
  from inborn preferences
• Defines a psychological type as
• The natural preferred way of using ones mind and
  directing energy
• The behavioral habits that develop as people use
  their preferences

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Carl G. Jung(1875-1961)

• Carl Gustav Jung, a Swiss psychiatrist who
  developed a theory of personality
• Differences between people are not random,
  instead they form patterns
• Hard wired and deeply embedded

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Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

• MBTI

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Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)

• Authored by Katherine Cook-Briggs and Isabel
  Briggs-Myers, mother and daughter.
• Based on Carl Jungs theory of psychological
  type.

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Katherine C. Briggs(1875-1968)

• Katherine C. Briggs, an American, read Jungs
  Psychological Types in 1923
• Spent the next 20 years studying, developing, and
  applying Jungs theory

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Isabel Briggs-Myers(1897-1980)

• Developed Jungs theory in partnership with her
  mother, Katherine Briggs
• Beginning in 1943 she developed questions that
  became the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

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The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

• The MBTI Instrument
• Was tested and revised Forms A,
• B, C, D, F G
• Underwent extensive research, 1995-98 Form M
• Translated into 30 languages
• Is the most widely used personality inventory in
  the world

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MBTI Indicates Differences Between People Which
Result From

• Where we prefer to focus our attention
• By using Extraversion or Introversion
• How we prefer to take in information
• By using Sensing or Intuition
• How we prefer to make decisions
• By using Thinking or Feeling
• How we orient ourselves to the outside world
• By using Judging or Perceiving
• There is no right or wrong to MBTI results each
  preference and type identifies normal and
  valuable human behaviors

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Its All About Preference
LEFT HAND
RIGHT HAND
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Preferences

• Most people find the two experiences writing
  with the preferred hand and with the
  non-preferred hand quite different
• This helps explain what Jung and the MBTI mean by
  preferences

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MBTI Preferences

• There are no right or wrong preferences
  only the ones that are right or wrong for the
  individual
• The four may combine in any way
• 16 TYPES
• 16 different ways of being normal

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MBTI Does Not Measure

• Skillfulness
• Maturity
• Balance
• Quantity or intensity of trait

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MBTI Instructions

• Write your name clearly in the Client Name
  section
• Read each question and choose your response
• Dont think about it too much
• Go with your first instinct
• Be honest about your response
• Clearly blacken your response on the answer sheet
• Leave your form on the table going out

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Organizational Change Management Team

• Myers-Briggs Personality Type
• Communication Through Understanding
• Session II

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What to Do

• As I explain the different preferences and
  describe their characteristics on your
  Verifying Your Type Preferences worksheet - make
  a check by the preference that you think is a
  best fit for you.

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Extraversion-Introversion

• Where we prefer to focus our attention How we
  get our energy
• Home Base

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Extraversion IntroversionTwo essential ways of
orienting energy

• E Energy directed outward in action
• I Energy directed inward in reflection
• E Seeking stimulation in the outer environment
• I Seeking stimulation in the inner environment

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Extravert

• Attuned to external environment.
• Prefer communicating by talking.
• Learn best through doing or discussing.
• Breadth of interests.
• Tend to speak first and reflect later.
• Sociable and expressive.
• Take initiative in work and relationships.

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Extraverted Orientation

• I love to DO things, not sit around thinking
  about them all day.
• I love being in the limelight!
• Its pretty easy to talk about most things.
• People give me energy.
• I dont mind interruptions.
• I get bored fairly easily.

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Getting Along With Extraverts

• Require a lot of your time and attention.
• Naturally seek a variety of activities.
• Enjoy sharing many friends.
• Often speaks without thinking.
• Can express ideas, even feelings, easily.
• Is fairly easy to understand.
• Is quite accessible.
• Understands life by living it.

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Introvert

• Drawn to inner world of thoughts and ideas.
• Prefer to communicate by writing.
• Learn best by reflection or mental practice.
• Depth of interest.
• Tend to reflect before acting or speaking.
• Private and contained.
• Focus readily.

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Introverted OrientationI Have Never Found the
Companion That Was So Companionable As Solitude

• I just have to think about it first.
• I have had the same two close friends most of my
  life.
• I just dont discuss certain things with
  anyone.
• I can usually concentrate pretty well.
• I hate making speeches.
• Id rather do it on my own.

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Getting Along With Introverts

• Require a lot of time alone.
• Dislike interruptions.
• Cant be pressured into talking about an issue
  until ready.
• May find it difficult to express emotions in an
  open way.
• Are intense and passionate, taking life
  seriously.
• Must understand a thing before trying it.

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Extraversion/Introversion

• If you dont know what an E is thinking you
  havent been listening

• If you dont know what an I is thinking, you
  havent asked

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Extravert/Introvert
Its not that I change my mind. Its that
everyone insists I answer right now. So I do
and then when I know what I mean I tell you.
Im an EWhen my battery gets low, they just
leave me in a crowded parking lot
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Sensing - Intuition

• How we take in information

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Sensing and IntuitionHow we take in information

• Anticipating the future
• S By forecasting from data
• N By visioning from an idea
• Creating
• S By combining keen observations in new ways
• N By processing their inspirations

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Sensing

• Focus on what is real and actual.
• Value practical applications.
• Factual and concrete, notice details.
• Observe and remember sequentially.
• Present-oriented.
• Want information step-by-step.
• Trust experience.

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Sensing Individual (Realist)Common Sense Is
Genius in Its Working Clothes

• I prefer hands-on lab experiences, that tell us
  step-by-step what to do.
• Dont tell me, show me.
• You can keep theoretical stuff. I want
  practical and useful information.
• I focus on today and current concerns.
• I like lists and am good with details.
• I learn best when all of my senses are involved.

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Getting Along With Sensing Types

• Is keenly aware of and affected by physical
  surroundings.
• Mistrusts vague, abstract ideas want the facts
  when discussing an issue.
• Dislikes postponements
• Is a realist and takes things as they are.

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Intuition

• Focus on big picture possibilities.
• Value imaginative insight.
• Abstract and theoretical.
• See patterns and meaning in facts.
• Future-oriented.
• Jump around, leap anywhere.
• Trust inspiration.

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Intuitive Individual (Intuitor)Ah, but a Mans
Reach Should Exceed His Grasp, or Whats a Heaven
for?

• I prefer theoretical courses.
• I need the big picture before getting into
  details.
• Im good at picking up patterns or meanings that
  arent said explicitly.
• Ideas just seem to come to me.
• Well, its just a hunch, but I really think.
• There sure are a lot of possibilities here.

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Getting Along With Intuitive Types

• May seem indifferent to the environment but
  actually does notice things.
• Hates being pinned down to a definite way of
  doing things.
• Can be disarmingly impractical.
• Often changes mind in mid-stream.
• Inventive and creative a great problem solver.

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Sensing/Intuition
Describe the Apple

• N
• Looks fresh make a good apple pie
• I love apple pie my Granny made the best apple
  pie
• I remember when I was a kid we went to the
  orchard every fall to pick our own wed eat
  them and the juice would run down our necks

• S
• Red
• One green leaf
• Weighs about 3ozs.
• Approximately 1 ½ inch stem

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Oh! This place could be fantastic with a little
work!
Are you kidding?? The place is a dump! Its
beyond repair!!
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Thinking-feeling

• How we prefer to make decisions

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Thinking FeelingTwo essential ways of making
rational judgments

• T Using logical analysis to make decisions
• F Using person-centered values to make
  decisions
• T Using objective impersonal criteria
• F Weighing human values and motives
• T Seeking rational order by logic
• F Seeking rational order through harmony

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Thinking

• Analytical
• Logical problem solver
• Use cause and effect reasoning
• Tough-minded
• Strive for impersonal, objective truth
• Reasonable

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Thinking Individual (Analyzer)Justice Is Truth
in Action.

• Look at the facts, will you?
• The only logical conclusion
• I must do the fair, the right thing for all.
• It has nothing to do with how I feel, thats the
  way things are.

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Getting Along With Thinking Types

• May appear cold, suppressing deep emotion.
• Hates unfair play.
• Needs system and order.
• Must understand cause-and-effect relationships in
  order to function.
• Tends to criticize, seeing it as a helpful way to
  improve life.
• Tends to be more truthful than tactful.

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Feeling

• Sympathetic
• Assess impact of decision on people.
• Guided by personal values.
• Tender-hearted
• Strive for harmony and individual validation.
• Compassionate
• Accepting

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Feeling Individual (Humanizer)Heroism Feels and
Never Reasons and Therefore Is Always Right.

• But these are just the facts. What about the
  effects they have on my people?
• The truth is seldom black or white.
• I hate conflict.
• What is really important to me is

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Getting Along With Feeling Types

• Needs a harmonious environment shies away from
  conflict.
• Does not value criticism.
• Tend to agree with people around them.
• Finds it difficult to be brief and businesslike.
• May appear to be a rambler (to thinking types).

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F
T
Making decisions by stepping back from the
situation and taking an objective view
Making decisions by stepping into the situation
and taking an empathetic view
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Judging - Perceiving

• How we orient ourselves to the external world

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Judging PerceivingTwo essential attitudes in
dealing with the outer environment

• J Planning, organizing, scheduling, deciding
• P Inquiring, absorbing, adapting, changing
• J Wanting closure, even when data is incomplete
• P Resisting closure, wanting more data
• With a J, theres a way
• With a P, wait and see

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Judging

• Scheduled
• Organized
• Systematic
• Methodical
• Plan
• Like closure, to have things decided.
• Avoid last minute stress.

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Judging Perspective (Goal Centered)The Secret
of Success Is Constancy of Purpose.

• I need to decide a thing before I can get on
  with my life.
• I love study schedules!
• I need some structure in my life.
• I need to plan ahead.
• Once I start something I like to finish it.

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Getting Along With Judging Types

• Needs to have a plan.
• May jump to conclusions rather hastily out of a
  need to have things decided.
• Can often be very opinionated.
• Craves resolution.
• May appear to be inflexible.
• Gets the job done.

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Perceiving

• Spontaneous
• Open-ended
• Casual
• Flexible
• Adaptable
• Like things loose and open to change.
• Feel energized by last minute pressures.

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Perceiving Perspective (Process-oriented)Importa
nt Principles May and Must Be Flexible.

• I need more information before I can decide.
• Being on time is not one of my strong points.
• I hate following a schedule. Id rather do
  things as the spirit moves me.
• Not all things are worth finishing.

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Getting Along With Perceiving Types

• Needs flexibility.
• May put off making decisions.
• Hates being tied down to a schedule.
• Is tolerant.
• Craves the spontaneous and unexpected.
• Can be untidy and disorganized.
• Is non-judgmental.

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We have to stick to the schedule and be back on
the boat in 20 minutes! Then time for bingo!
Oh I wish we could spend all day on this lovely
beach
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PreferenceExercises
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E-I Exercise
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S-N Exercise
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T-F Exercise
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J-P Exercise
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Assumptions Underlying Type Theory

• Preferences are inborn
• Environment enhances or impedes expression of
  type
• People use all preferences in both extraverted
  and introverted attitudes some of the time
• Type is dynamic not static
• All of the types are equally valuable

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Remember That

• Everyone uses each of the preferences to some
  degree. Our type consists of those we prefer.
• You are the final judge of your best-fit type.
  Your MBTI results suggest your probable type.
• Type doesnt explain everything human
  personality is very complex.

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Remember That

• Extravert doesnt mean loud or talkative.
• Introvert doesnt mean shy or inhibited.
• Feeling doesnt mean emotional.
• Judging doesnt mean judgmental.
• Perceiving doesnt mean perceptive.

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MBTI It isnt magic, but it is practical

• If you recognize how others take in information
  and make decisions communication can be less
  frustrating.

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Questions/Comments
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