Neuroanatomy

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Neuroanatomy
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• E. Brainstem
• 1. Midbrain
• 2. Pons
• 3. Medulla

The medulla (shown on the next slide) contains
nuclei for many of the cranial nerves, in
addition to pathways for the pyramidal,
spinocerebellar, rubrospinal, and other key
tracts. Cranial nerves V, IX, X, XI, and XII
have nuclei in the medulla. In addition, the
medulla is the site of decussation for both
sensory and motor nerves.
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• E. Brainstem
• 1. Midbrain
• 2. Pons
• 3. Medulla
• 4. Cranial Nerves
• a. Oculomotor III

Let us now view the anatomical location of the
cranial nerves. In previous slides we viewed
cranial nerves I (olfactory) and II (optic).
Beginning at the level of the midbrain, then, we
have the oculomotor nerve (III) (on the next
slide).
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• E. Brainstem
• 1. Midbrain
• 2. Pons
• 3. Medulla
• 4. Cranial Nerves
• a. Oculomotor III
• b. Trochlear IV

The trochlear nerve emerges from the lateral
aspects of the midbrain. Not a big player in
motor speech, unless eye-rolling is part of your
communication style.
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• E. Brainstem
• 1. Midbrain
• 2. Pons
• 3. Medulla
• 4. Cranial Nerves
• a. Oculomotor III
• b. Trochlear IV
• c. Trigeminal V

The trigeminal nerve emerges from the lateral
aspects of the pons. Well be talking about this
in more detail, as CN V supply muscles important
to chewing, and to some extent speaking.
Sensation to the eye, nose, face, meninges, and
the anterior 2/3 of the tongue (on the surface)
is supplied by the trigeminal as well.
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• E. Brainstem
• 1. Midbrain
• 2. Pons
• 3. Medulla
• 4. Cranial Nerves
• a. Oculomotor III
• b. Trochlear IV
• c. Trigeminal V
• d. Abducens VI

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• E. Brainstem
• 1. Midbrain
• 2. Pons
• 3. Medulla
• 4. Cranial Nerves
• a. Oculomotor III
• b. Trochlear IV
• c. Trigeminal V
• d. Abducens VI
• e. Facial VII

The facial nerve, of course, is of concern for
us. CN VII emerges at the junction of the poins
and medulla.
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• E. Brainstem
• 1. Midbrain
• 2. Pons
• 3. Medulla
• 4. Cranial Nerves
• a. Oculomotor III
• b. Trochlear IV
• c. Trigeminal V
• d. Abducens VI
• e. Facial VIII
• f. Auditory VIII

CN VIII emerges lateral to the facial nerve.
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• E. Brainstem
• 1. Midbrain
• 2. Pons
• 3. Medulla
• 4. Cranial Nerves
• a. Oculomotor III
• b. Trochlear IV
• c. Trigeminal V
• d. Abducens VI
• e. Facial VIII
• f. Auditory VIII
• g. Glossopharyngeal IX

The glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve emerges from the
medulla, as do the remaining cranial nerves
(X-XII).
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• E. Brainstem
• 1. Midbrain
• 2. Pons
• 3. Medulla
• 4. Cranial Nerves
• a. Oculomotor III
• b. Trochlear IV
• c. Trigeminal V
• d. Abducens VI
• e. Facial VIII
• f. Auditory VIII
• g. Glossopharyngeal IX
• h. Vagus X

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• E. Brainstem
• 1. Midbrain
• 2. Pons
• 3. Medulla
• 4. Cranial Nerves
• a. Oculomotor III
• b. Trochlear IV
• c. Trigeminal V
• d. Abducens VI
• e. Facial VIII
• f. Auditory VIII
• g. Glossopharyngeal IX
• h. Vagus X
• i. Accessory XI

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• E. Brainstem
• 1. Midbrain
• 2. Pons
• 3. Medulla
• 4. Cranial Nerves
• a. Oculomotor III
• b. Trochlear IV
• c. Trigeminal V
• d. Abducens VI
• e. Facial VIII
• f. Auditory VIII
• g. Glossopharyngeal IX
• h. Vagus X
• i. Accessory XI
• j. Hypoglossal XII

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• 5. Reticular Formation
• 6. Substantia Nigra

For the remaining anatomic structures in this
Part 7 and for all of Part 8, please study the
location.
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Substantia Nigra
Thalamus
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• 5. Reticular Formation
• 6. Substantia Nigra
• 7. Subthalamic Nucleus

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Thalamus
Subthalamic Nucleus
Substantia Nigra
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• 6. Substantia Nigra
• 7. Subthalamic Nucleus
• 8. Red Nucleus

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Substantia Nigra
Red Nucleus