Professional Application Practices

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Professional Application Practices

• PNAAW Level 1 Certification

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Primary Goal

• Safe Operation
• Manure Gasses
• Transport
• Application
• Public Image
• Spill Response

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Why is safety important?

• Protect Personnel
• Prevent Downtime
• Prevent Accidental Spills
• Maintain Customer Relations
• Maintain Public Relations
• Custom Applicators Are In
• The Public Eye

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Agriculture Injury Facts

• Agriculture is one of the two most dangerous
  industries in the US. In 2005 (death rate per
  100,000 workers)
• WI farm-related fatality rate was 45
• US agricultural fatality rate was 29.2
• US all industry fatality rate was 3.5

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Agriculture Injury Facts

• In WI 2005 30 farm-related fatalities
• Tractors 16
• Farm Machines 3
• Confined Spaces 2
• Falls 3
• Trucks/vehicles 1
• Nationally, Tractors are involved in one-third to
  one-half of all fatal farm accidents.

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Safety Concerns

• Manure gas is present throughout the year in
  decomposing manure.
• The main gases are
• hydrogen sulfide
• carbon dioxide
• ammonia
• methane.

Safety Tip Test for manure gasses before
entering pit areas.
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Agitation precautions

• Agitation releases gases and increases the
  concentration levels or displaces oxygen.

Safety Tip Keep manure agitators below the
liquids surface
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Manure Gases

• May or may not have odor.
• Two gases are lighter than air and two gases are
  heavier than air.

Methane
Ammonia
Hydrogen sulfide
Carbon Dioxide
Manure
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Manure Gases

• Symptoms of exposure
• Irritation of eyes and nose
• Respiratory problems (ammonia causes long term
  damage)
• Headaches
• Drowsiness/dizziness
• Decreased motor control
• Death

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Manure Gases

• At high concentrations may not be able to smell
  some gases
• Wind, humidity, and temperature
• Avoid areas that
• may collect manure
• gases
• Reception pits
• Near buildings

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Safety Around Storage

• Never enter pit or tank without monitoring or
  ventilation
• Have at least one attendant
• Have communication plan
• Wear safety harness with appropriate retrieval
  line
• Do not attempt rescue
• Holding breath is not an option-SCBA
• Accident Prevention

Safety Tip Cartridge respirator is NOT
adequate. Breathing apparatus must supply air as
well as seal out toxic gasses.
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Public Relations
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Public Image

• Keep equipment as clean as possible
• Refer to manure as a nutrient, not waste or other
  negative forms
• Keep roads clean

DONT GIVE PEOPLE A REASON TO COMPLAIN!!!
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Agitation Practices Increase Odor

• The more agitation the greater the odor
• Small droplets carry great distances

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Application Practices

• Incorporation or injection can reduce odor by 90
• Avoid surface application near houses property
  lines
• Remember holidays, weekends, and the weather
  forecast

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Transportation Safety

• Stay alert and know your surroundings!

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What turn is the safest?

• Left-turn collision
• most common type of farm vehicle accident on
  public roads

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Rear-end Collisions

• Other traffic may only have a few seconds to
  react or slow down

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What can I do to help prevent accidents?

• Know traffic patterns
• Avoid
• rush hour
• night travel
• Use safety lighting and extremity marking.
• Train employees on road hazards, routes and turn
  procedures.

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Road Safety

• Etiquette
• Avoid crossing the center line
• Stay in lane for left hand turns
• Do not wave motorists by you
• Avoid throwing mud/manure on road
• Use mirrors/video camera
• Know who to call

• Safety Tip
• Do not allow extra riders during transport and
  application

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Road Safety

• Use a tractor that is heavy enough to safely tow
  and control the loaded spreader.

Example 5000 g tanker can carry 40,000lbs of
manure plus the weight of the tractor. Do you
have enough braking power.
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Application
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In The Field---Environmental Impact

• Be aware of danger points ---
• in your field and the neighboring field
• Should be on nutrient management plan
• Streams, lakes, rivers, standing water
• Tile inlets
• Wells, sink holes
• Ravines, low areas
• (areas spills collect)
• Neighboring homes wells
• (maintain buffer zone)

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In The Field

• Know equipment calibration
• Load capacity
• Spread pattern (overlap required)
• Foaming reduces capacity

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In The Field

• Avoid excessive application run-off
• Avoid hauling when wet
• Wait
• Go to high ground
• Reduced rates

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Spill Responce
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What is a Spill?

• Any application or release of manure that has the
  potential to threaten groundwater or surface
  water resources.
• 3000 gallons in a roadside ditch is different
  than
• 3000 gallons on an acre
• of corn ground.

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Spill Response

• Prevention --- 1
• Inspect equipment
• Travel hose lines
• Couplings away from water ditches
• Telephone numbers
• Supervisor
• Farmer/Client

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Spill Response

• Spills can occur at any time
• Be prepared
• List of emergency contacts
• Front end loader, skid steer
• Vacuum Tank
• Special equipment
• DNR 1-800-943-0003

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Spill Response Steps

• Step 1
• Stop Application and turn off the pumps

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Spill Response Steps

• Step 2
• Determine best way to stop spill take action
• Clamp hose or park tractor on the hose
• Turn off valves
• Work up ground ahead of the flow
• Create a set of earthen dams

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Spill Response Steps

• Step 3
• Begin the cleanup
• Pump out the manure and remove solids
• Land apply all spilled manure
• Remove soil that is soaked with manure and land
  apply

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Spill Response Steps

• Step 4
• Call the DNR or appropriate agency
• Spill reporting is mandatory by state law
• DNR Spill Response Hotline
• 1-800-943-0003
• Others
• County DNR warden
• DNR Animal Waste Specialist
• County Sheriffs office (911)
• Step 3 4 may switch

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Spill Response Steps

• Step 5
• Fill out documentation and paperwork
• Protect yourself
• It should contain
• What you did
• When you did it
• Who you called when
• Etc.
• Take pictures

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Summary

• Safety Management
• Agitation
• Transport
• Application

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Thank you

• Questions?