Koelreuteria paniculata

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Koelreuteria paniculatagoldenraintree

• SIZE Medium
• HABIT Rounded

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FOL Purple-red in spring bright green in
summer yellow in fall
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BARK Light gray-brown at maturity.
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FL. FR. bright yellow fragrant in terminal
panicles in July fruit papery capsule
changing from green to yellow to brown
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CULTURE Tolerates dry, hot, windy and alkaline
sites tolerates air pollution full sun PESTS
None serious USE Lawns, patios, street
tree MISC. K. bipinnata is similar but less
cold hardy (Zone 6-8) but more showy in fruit
with red-pink capsules
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Tilia americanaAmerican linden or basswood
SIZE Large HABIT Pyramidal when young
rounded when mature
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FOL Dark green in summer yellow-green in
fall often no fall color
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BARK Gray to brown, broken into long
flat-topped ridges.
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FL. FR. pale yellow fragrant in pendulous
cymes in June fruit nutlet, not ornamental
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CULTURE Tolerates dry, heavy, and rocky soils
pH adaptable full sun to partial shade PESTS
Several, however none serious in this area USE
Large areas naturalizing MISC. Bees make
excellent honey from the nectar in the flowers
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Tilia cordatalittleleaf linden
SIZE Medium to large HABIT Remains
pyramidal
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FOL Dark, shiney green in summer yellow-green
in fall (not ornamental)
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BARK Gray, similar to T. americana
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FL. FR. Yellowish, fragrant, pendulous cyme
in July fruit nutlet, not ornamental
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CULTURE Tolerates alkaline soils, pollution
tolerant, tolerates pruning PESTS Aphids and
Japanese beetles USE EXCELLENT street tree,
shade tree, planter tree, hedge MISC. Bees
like this too! Many cultivars Fairview and
Greenspire are the most common
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Tilia tomentosasilver linden
SIZE Medium to large HABIT Pyramidal when
young pyramidal-oval when mature
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FOL Lustrous dark green above and
silvery-white, tomentose below
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BARK Light gray and smooth, can be beech like
on mature trunks
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FL. FR. yellow-white, fragrant, pendulous
cymes in July fruit nutlet, not ornamental
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CULTURE Tolerates alkaline soils, pollution
tolerant, tolerates pruning tolerates heat and
dry better than other lindens PESTS Few
aphids USE Excellent street tree or
residential shade tree MISC. Several
cultivars flowers are narcotic to bees
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Celtis occidentaliscommon hackberry
SIZE Medium HABIT Pyramidal when young
vase-shaped when mature
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FOL Bright green in summer yellow in fall
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BARK Distinctive with narrow corky ridges
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FL. FR. Not showy fruit dark purple
drupe, 1/3
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• CULTURE Tolerates most soils and pH tolerates
  wet or dry soils tolerates wind tolerates
  city dirt
• PESTS Nipple galls witches brooms
• USE Does well in the open prairie (dry and
  windy) large spaces attracts wildlife
• MISC. VERY hard seed

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Ulmus americanaAmerican elm

• SIZE Large!
• HABIT Vase shaped when
• mature

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FOL Dark green in summer yellow in fall
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BARK Dark gray with deep fissures. Outer bark
in cross section shows layers of whitish-buff
color alternating with darker layers.
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FL. FR. Not showy fruit 1/2 disk-shaped
samara in June
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CULTURE Easily transplanted fibrous roots
tolerates standing water pH and salt
tolerant USE Majestic and graceful street and
lawn tree use limited by disease
native MISC. Once the most commonly used tree
in towns across America.
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PESTS Wetwood (bacteria) cankers leaf curl
aphid leaf spot Dutch elm disease (Fungus
Ophiostoma ulmi spread by elm bark beetle)
Japanese beetles fall cankerworms leaf
miner...
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Ulmus parvifolialacebark elm

• SIZE Medium
• HABIT Rounded, upright but pendulous branchlets

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FOL Lustrous dark green in summer yellow-red
in fall (ok)
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BARK Exfoliating in irregular patches, exposing
lighter bark beneath
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FL. FR. Not showy fruit 1/3 round samara
in October CULTURE Easily transplanted pH
and soil adaptable tolerates poor soils and
urban conditions PESTS Few (relatively)
resistant to Dutch elm disease USE Lawn or
street tree
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MISC. An excellent tree! Do not confuse with
U. pumila (also called Chinese elm)
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Zelkova serrataJapanese zelkova

• SIZE Medium
• HABIT Vase-shaped

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FOL Dark green in summer yellow-orange-red-pur
ple in fall
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BARK Reddish brown in youth. Becoming more
gray-brown with age. Can exfoliate in a manner
not unlike U. parvifolia
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FL. FR. Not showy fruit a tiny drupe in
fall (not showy)
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• CULTURE Transplant easily pH adaptable wind
  and drought tolerant pollution tolerant
  susceptible to frost when young
• PESTS Resistant to Dutch elm disease elm leaf
  beetle and Japanese beetle few
• USE Lawns, streets, large areas.
• A replacement for U. americana
• MISC. Marginally hardy here!

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Zelkova serrata Goshiki
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Acer campestrehedge maple
SIZE Medium tree HABIT Rounded and dense
low branched
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FOL Dark green bright yellow in fall
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BARK Dark grayish, slightly shaggy with age.
Can resemble Norway maple.
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FL. FR. Green in corymbs (not showy)
schizocarp 3 across, 180o angle
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CULTURE Extremely adaptable tolerates dry,
compact, alkaline and acidic soils tolerates
air pollution tolerates light shade tolerates
severe pruning PESTS None serious
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MISC. Easily transplanted underutilized
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USE Specimen, street tree (good under utility
lines), pruned into hedges in Europe
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Acer ginnalaamur maple

• SIZE Small to medium tree
• HABIT Multi-stemmed shrub
• or small tree variable

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FOL Glossy dark green in summer yellow to red
in fall (not consistent)
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BARK Grayish brown in color, generally smooth
with dark striations
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FL. FR. Flowers fragrant in May (not showy)
fruit schizocarp, parallel hanging samaras, 1
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CULTURE Easily transplanted soil and pH
adaptable tolerates heavy pruning tolerates
some shade PESTS Few USE Patio, screen,
mass, container plant MISC. Very cold hardy
(USDA Zone 2)
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Acer griseumpaperbark maple

• SIZE Small to medium tree
• HABIT Upright-oval

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FOL Bluish-green in summer russet-red in fall

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BARK Rich brown to reddish brown. Outstanding
and VERY ornamental
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FL. FR. Not showy fruit schizocarp with
1 samaras
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CULTURE Transplant BB or container in spring
soil and pH adaptable tolerates clay PESTS
None USE Small yard, patio, specimen MISC.
OUTSTANDING exfoliating red bark!!
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Acer palmatumJapanese maple

• SIZE Small tree
• HABIT Variable! Cultivar
• dependent!

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FOL Typically green in summer becoming yellow
or red in fall
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BARK Variable. Young stems range from green to
reddish purple. Mature bark is often smooth
gray.
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FL. FR. Red-purple umbels in June fruit
schizocarp with 1/2 red samaras
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CULTURE Never let dry out before or after
transplanting! Protect from frost! Tolerates
light shade PESTS None serious USE
Specimen, accent, patio, bonsai MISC. Many,
many cultivars For USDA Zones 4-5, Acer
pseudosieboldianum (Korean maple) would be a
better choice
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Acer palmatum Bloodgood
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Acer palmatum Sango Kaku
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Acer palmatum Versicolor
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Acer palmatum Atrolineare
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Acer palmatum 'Toyama Nishiki'
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Acer pseudosieboldianumKorean maple
SIZE Small tree HABIT Upright yet rounded
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FOL Green in summer becoming orange and red in
late fall
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BARK similar to A. palmatum
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FL. FR. Red-purple corymbs in June fruit
schizocarp with 1/2 purple-brown samaras
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CULTURE Never let dry out before or after
transplanting! Protect from frost! Tolerates
light shade PESTS None serious USE
Specimen, accent, patio, bonsai MISC. A better
choice for USDA Zones 4-5 than A. palmatum
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Acer pseudosieboldianum Aureum
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Acer triflorumthree-flower maple
SIZE Small tree HABIT Upright-spreading,
full, dense and rounded canopy.
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FOL Trifoliate! Dark green in summer becoming
an outstanding yellow and/or red in fall
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BARK Bark is golden amber in color and
exfoliating
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FL. FR. Clustered in threes in June fruit
schizocarp with 1 green samaras at 120, thick
nutlets and hairy covering
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CULTURE Never let dry out before or after
transplanting! Best B B. Prefers acidic,
MWDS. PESTS None serious USE Specimen,
accent, patio, bonsai MISC. Outstanding plant!
Develops peeling/exfoliating bark which is
golden yellow-brown. Cultivar selections needed!
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Cotinus coggygriasmokebush

• SIZE Medium shrub
• HABIT Upright, spreading,
• loose-open multistemmed

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FOL Bluish-green in summer yellow-red-purple
in fall
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BARK Grayish brown in color, becoming slightly
fissured with age.
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FL. FR. Not showy, pedicle/peduncle is showy
(hairs)... smokey-pink in summer
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CULTURE Easily transplanted tolerates most
soils, especially dry and rocky PESTS None
serious USE Shrub borders massing groups
accent MISC. Royal Purple maroon-purple
foliage throughout summer, darker smoke
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Cotinus coggygria Ancot Golden Spirit
smokebush
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Cotinus coggygria Royal Purple
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Cotinus obovatus
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Cotinus x Grace
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Rhus typhinastaghorn sumac

• SIZE Small tree to medium shrub
• HABIT Loose and open, spreading rounded crown
  from clustered plants

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FOL Bright green in summer yellow-orange-red
in fall (spectacular!)
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STEMS Young stems are covered in a velvety
pubescence. Older stems become gray and smooth.

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FL. FR. Dioecious yellowish in June in 8
panicles (sl. showy) Fruit (on female) is a
red, hairy drupe clustered on a pyramidal panicle
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CULTURE Easily transplanted tolerates all
soils except wet sites tolerates urban
conditions PESTS None serious USE Massing,
naturalizing MISC. Laciniata cut-leaf,
female clone. Does not sucker as readily as the
species. Can be propagated by root pieces and
suckers.
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Rhus typhina Laciniata
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Aralia spinosadevils-walkingstick

• SIZE Small tree to medium shrub
• HABIT Single or multistemmed spreading very
  open and coarse

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FOL Dark green in summer yellowish in fall
(not showy)
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STEMS Gray-straw colored, armed with many sharp
prickles. Distinct leaf scars half encirling
buds.
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FL. FR. Tiny white in mid-summer on 1 - 1.5
terminal panicles Fruit tiny purple-black
drupe (not showy) however the infructescence
turns pinkish-red!!
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CULTURE Easy to transplant tolerates clay and
rocky soils tolerates partial shade pH
tolerant urban tolerant PESTS None
serious USE For rugged areas and difficult
locations use tempered by spreading shoots
from roots naturalizing MISC. Novelty plant,
somewhat weedy Aralia elata (Japanese aralia)
is more cold hardy and lacks prickles. There are
several outstanding variegated forms of A. elata
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Aralia elata Aureovariegata
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Aralia elata Variegata
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Carpinus betulus Fastigiatafastigiate
European hornbeam
SIZE Small tree HABIT Single trunked with
a conical habit densely twiggy
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FOL Dark green in summer yellowish in fall
(not showy)
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BARK Smooth, steel gray, fluted with a muscle
like character
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FL. FR. Monoecious, catkins in April (not
showy) Fruit nutlet attached to a
mitten-shaped bract in Sept. (not showy)
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CULTURE Easy to transplant tolerates most
soils except wet tolerates partial shade pH
tolerant urban tolerant pruning
tolerant PESTS None serious (a very clean
plant) USE Formal tree ok for foundation
plantings good as a street tree makes a good
winter screen due to extensive branches MISC.
The most common cultivar of this species in
cultivation. The species is rare in the U.S.
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Carpinus carolinianaAmerican hornbeam

• SIZE Medium shrub or small tree
• HABIT Multistemmed widespreading
  occasionally single-stemmed and upright

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FOL Dark green in summer yellow-orange-scarlet
in fall (can be quite nice!)
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BARK Similar to C. betulus
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FL. FR. Monoecious not showy Fruit
nutlet with 3-lobed bract, clustered on raceme,
persist, turning red in fall
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CULTURE Difficult to transplant tolerates
heavy shade (fall color better in sun)
tolerates wet sites PESTS None serious USE
Naturalizing MISC. Underutilized in landscapes
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Kolkwitzia amabilisbeautybush

• SIZE Medium
• HABIT Upright and arching
• vase-shaped leggy with age

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FOL Dull dark green in summer sl.
yellowish-reddish in fall (not showy)
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BARK Light grayish brown and often exfoliating
on older stems
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FL. FR. Pink, trumpet-shaped, 1 long in
May-June clustered in corymbs Fruit 1/4
bristly, dehiscent capsule (persistent)
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CULTURE Easily transplanted pH adaptable
full sun to partial shade PESTS None
serious USE Accent hedge mass MISC.
Spectacular in flower but not much after that!
Interesting peeling bark.
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Lonicera tartaricatartarian honeysuckle

• SIZE Medium shrub
• HABIT Upright, multistemmed
• dense and twiggy

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FOL Bluish-green in summer yellowish in fall
(not showy)
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STEMS Green at first, turning brownish with age
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FL. FR. 1 long, thin trumpet white to red in
May Fruit 1/4 berry orange-red in summer
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CULTURE Easily transplanted tolerates most
soils and conditions! Full sun to partial
shade PESTS None serious USE Hedge shrub
border weedy! MISC. Birds eat and spread
seeds Classified as an invasive weed in
Vermont! DO NOT use an an ornamental plant!
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Viburnum sieboldiiSiebold viburnum
SIZE Large shrub or small tree HABIT
Upright and open spreading
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FOL Glossy, dark green in summer no fall
color holds leaves late in fall
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BARK Grayish in color. Similar to V. lentago
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FL. FR. White in 5 flat-topped cymes in May
Fruit oval 1/2 red becoming black drupe in
fall infructescence is red in fall and showy
after fruit drops
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CULTURE Transplants easily sun or partial
shade requires a moist site or leaves will
scorch pH adaptable PESTS None serious USE
Specimen foundation plant for large buildings
fruit attracts wildlife MISC. Foliage is
foetid when crushed birds love the fruit
underutilized