Personal Protective Equipment and First Aid

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Personal Protective Equipment and First Aid

• Montana State University
• Pesticide Safety Education Program

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Topics

• Personal Protective Equipment
• Mode of Entry
• Specimen Label
• Decontamination
• First Aid (Poisoning)
• Responses
• What to look for
• Heat Stroke

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Mode of Entry
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Rate of Absorption
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Specimen Label

• Access at www.greenbook.com
• Information regarding personal protective
  equipment for specific chemical
• First Aid Information
• REI (Restricted Entry Interval)
• Gives you toxicity category

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Signal Words

• Danger-Poison (I) Very High Toxicity
• Danger (I) High Toxicity
• Warning (II) Moderate Toxicity
• Caution (III) Low Toxicity
• Caution (IV) Relatively Nontoxic

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CAUTION
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What does this mean?
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PPE
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Chronic Toxicity

• The delayed effects of repeated exposures over a
  long period of time.
• Effects evaluated in the lab include
• Potential tumors
• Birth defects
• Reproductive effects

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Agricultural Use Requirements
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Protect Yourself!4 modes of entry

• Oral
• Dermal
• Cuts and Abrasions
• Respiratory
• Eyes

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Good Practices

• Sound Personal Cleanliness
• Dermal Protective Garments
• Respiratory Devices (if needed)
• It is LAW to wear minimum PPE stated on label.
• Take it slow and consider
• Weather (heat, precip.)
• Hazards

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PPE

• Coveralls
• Chemical Resistant Suits, Gloves, Footwear,
  Aprons, and Headgear.
• Protective Eyewear
• Respirators

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Coveralls (Types of Fabrics)

• Wovens
• Unwovens
• Coated / Laminate

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Wovens

• Wovens (Low Toxicity Granulars, Dusts Caution)
• Blue Jeans, Cotton Coveralls
• Absorb Chemicals
• For Toxicity Class III or IVgt
• Cotton (tight weave), Kleenguardcoveralls
• Pants or Coveralls
• Beware of rips in garments
• Reusable

CAUTION
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Nonwovens
Warning

• For Toxicity Class (II)gt??
• Nonwovens (Low Toxicity Liquid, Granulars,
  Dusts, Powders) (Warning)
• Synthetic Materials
• Tyvek, Comfort-Gard, Kleenguard LP, Tyvek QC,
  Saranex

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Coated / Laminate Suits
Danger

• For Toxicity Class I
• PVC, Nitrile, Rubber
• Tychem
• sealed seems.
• Non-breathable
• Do not use rain suits
  with cotton liners

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Gloves

• Want unlined gloves!
• Nitrile, Neoprene, PVC
• Do Not Wear Leather Gloves!
• Do Not Wear exam
  gloves!
• Check for holes often!
• Want 14 mils or higher!

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Relative Costs - 2002

• NitrileGood overall protection, 2.39/pr
• NeopreneSofter, better dexterity-5.16
• Natural RubberUse only on dry or water based
  formulations -11-18.00/pr
• ButylFor High Toxicity Pesticides-18.45
• PVC Anyhydrous ammonia-4.00/pr
• VitonSuperior Protection but174.50/pr

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Head and Neck Covering

• Straw Hat?
• Ball Cap?
• Hard Hat?
• Hoods??
• Beware of sweat bands with hats which cause
  continuous skin contact

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Hoods

• Never use permeable materials
• If hood is made of non-permeable materials Yes
  (Tychem Hood, Tyvek Hood)
• Hood offers no openings for pesticides to seep in.

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Eyewear

• Goggles
• Face Shields
• Safety Glasses
• But never wear contacts when
  spraying pesticides!!!

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RespiratorsRead Specimen Label

• Cartridge
• Fitted facepiece and replaceable filters
• Not for fumigants
• Prefix of NIOSH/MSHA TC
• Supplied Air
• Fumigants or life threatening atmospheres

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Critical Respiratory Scenarios?

• Pesticides are formulated
• Pouring into a sprayer tank
• Operators exposed directly to dusts, sprays, or
  aerosals.

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Fits TEST(ALWAYS!)

• Positive Pressure Test
• Close exhalation valve and exhale
• Negative Pressure Test
• Close off the inlet opening of the cartridge by
  covering with your palm

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Inspect PPE

• Make sure you have no smells
• What should you do?
• Cartridges expired renew every year
• Is it clean and has it been cleaned?

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Decontamination

• Always clean your re-usable PPE, this includes
• Nitrile Gloves
• Goggles
• Laminated Coveralls
• Do not reuse Tyvek coveralls if used on Category
  Warning or Danger chemicals.

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How

• Varies according to what you spray and what your
  PPE is.
• Mix heavy duty soap and hot water in bucket
• Throw all contaminated clothing in plastic bag.
  Keep all gloves on while taking off clothing.
• Dip hands with gloves in bucket, wash eye
  goggles, and manually clean respirator.-? Put
  away to dry
• With Gloves on take suit off and discard, place
  in washer, or cleaned with a brush (coated /
  laminate).
• Dip hands with gloves again then dip foot wear
  and discard. Then clean up area (bucket,
  tailgate). Then clean gloves and discard.
• Beware of washing in washer..(separate washer
  daily and with hot water and extra rinse cycle)

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Storage

• Store in a clean dry place away from pesticides
  and containers.
• Avoid direct sunlight and high temperatures.

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First Aid and Emergency Situations

• Speed is the key factor, but consider
• Is victim breathing?? Artificial Respiration?
• Decontaminate the victim
• Heatstroke or Chemical Contamination
• Call a physician or 911.

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First Aid - How

• Read Pesticide Label for Special First Aid
  Instructions
• Always call a physician or 911
• Remove victim from contaminated environment.
• Clean contaminate from individual if evident
• Do not contaminate yourself with mouth to mouth
  contact / clean
• Save pesticide container

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Specific Treatment

• Skin
• Drench skin and clothing with water
• Remove clothing
• Clean skin and hair thoroughly with soap and
  water
• Dry and wrap in blanket

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continued

• Eye
• Hold eyelids open, wash eyes with gentle stream
  of clean running water immediately. Dont delay
• Wash for 15 minutes or more.
• Do not use commercial eye washes.
• Inhaled Poisons
• Do not go in without respirator
• Carry victim to fresh air
• Loosen all tight clothing
• If convulsing, protect him/her from falling and
  striking head.

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continued

• Swallowed Poisons
• Call a physician
• Do not induce vomiting unless a noncorrosive
  substance has been swallowed (not Lye, acids,
  Lysol)
• Initiate gag reflex. Place victim face down.
• Get to hospital
• If corrosive give milk or water

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continued

• Chemical skin burns
• Remove contaminated clothing
• Wash with large quantities of water
• Cover with clean cloth or blanket
• Get to hospital

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Heat Stress

• Pesticide users are at higher risk
• More clothing
• Toxic environments
• Other stress factors
• Hard work
• More exposed to sun
• Difficult to drink water

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Heat Stroke

• Body's thermoregulatory system stops working.
• Many of the symptoms are the same as for heat
  exhaustion.
• But there are additional symptoms
• cessation of sweating
• difficulty walking
• disorientation and fainting or
• unconsciousness

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Heat Stoke Points to Consider

• Heat Stroke can permanently damage your health
• If you get heatstroke once, you may be likely to
  get it again.

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First Aid

• Key symptom to look for is disorientation. A
  person who is functioning well mentally isn't in
  danger. Someone who's becoming "jelly brainedis
  in trouble.
• Stop what you are doing and get out of the
  sun-preferably into an air-conditioned building.
• Pack ice around the patients neck, armpit and
  groin.
• Splash water on the skin, and fan them.
• Elevate the legs.
• If the person is conscious, give plenty of
  fluids--1 to 2 quarts--preferably a sports
  beverage, but water's fine.
• The person will probably be nauseated and may
  not want to drink anything, but fluids are
  essential.
• If you don't feel better within 30 minutes, go
  to a hospital emergency room.
• Heat Stroke is generally not fatal but heat
  stroke can be!!

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Heat Injuries vs. Pesticide Injuries

• Heat Injuries Pesticides Injuries
• Sweating Sweating
• Headache Headache
• Fatigue Fatigue
• Dry Membranes Moist Membranes
• Dry Mouth
• No tears or spit Salivation, spit, tears
• Fast pulse Slow Pulse
• Dilated pupils Pinpoint Pupils

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Be safe