Composition of Matter

1
Composition of Matter

• How can you classify matter?---by the units they
  are made of.

2
All Matter is either

• Substances
• Mixtures

3
Substances

• Elements
• Compounds

4
Elements

• Are made up of units called atoms
• If all the atoms of a sample of matter are all
  identical, that matter is an element
• Examples are the carbon in pencil lead, the
  copper in a penny, pure oxygen from a tank

5
Compounds

• Are made from atoms of two or more elements that
  are combined
• The ratio of the the different atoms in a
  compound is always the sameexample, two hydrogen
  to one oxygen in water(H2O)
• Have a different appearance from the elements
  that make them upexample, salt, made of
  Chlorine, a poisonous greenish-yellow gas and
  sodium, a shiny, soft, silvery metal.

6
Mixtures

• Made up of two or more substances
• Can be separated by physical means
• Are homogeneous or heterogeneous
• Can be solutions, colloids or suspensions

7
Homogeneous Mixture

• Two or more substances are uniformly spread out
• Solution is another name for a homogeneous
  mixture
• Examples are salt water, alcohol

8
Heterogeneous Mixture

• Different materials usually can easily be
  distinguished
• Those in which materials are not as easily
  detected (such as milk, a mixture of water, fats,
  proteins, and other substances) are called
  colloids
• Liquids in which visible parts settle out are
  called suspensions

9
Characteristics of mixtures
10
Composition of Matter