H. U. MAY:

1
H. U. MAY Facts and hypotheses concerning the
causal or symptomatic therapeutic use of currents
in oncology - direct and indirect effects upon
cells, tissues and the whole organism. The
possibilities to optimize the efficacy of
currents by variation or fixation of their
parameters in dependence on the intended
therapeutic purpose.
2
Introduction concerning the history of
therapeutic use of currents for the treatment of
tumor patients
3
Already in the middle of the 18th century the two
German physicists HAUSEN WINKLER tried with
their electrical machine, based on friction, to
treat tumors. After the spreading of the
inventions of GALVANI (1737 - 1798) and VOLTA
(1745 - 1827) since the 19th century electricity
has been used more frequently to treat tumor
patients. Not only symptomatic treatments for
pain relief but even mainly causal treatments
consisting in trials to destroy the tumors were
usual.
4
In standard dictionaries and encyclopedias from
the second part of the 19th century and the first
decades of the 20th century you can find very
much more general information and special
description of the electrolytic destruction of
tumors by direct currents under the catchword
electrotherapy than in the second part of the
20th century and today.
5
Until today the galvanic current as the primarily
preferred current in the causal treatment of
tumor patients is used in various clinics and
hospitals, for instance in Austria according the
recommendations of PEKAR given in his 3 books
about the percutaneous galvanotherapy in cases of
tumors, published since 1988, basing on
experiences since 1977. Also in Sweden
NORDENSTRÖM used direct currents (DC) for the
treatment of tumors, basing on his theory of
biologically closed electric circuits (1983).
The DC method requires needles to be placed
inside the tumor. It is an invasive method. I
know, that in Germany, Denmark, Italy and China
in special hospitals this invasive DC method is
in use, however in Germany without public
advertising.
6
Just before the 1st world war VERAGUTH
SEYDERHELM (1913 and 1914, Zürich and Straßburg)
found the tendency of various direct and
alternating currents, applied as whole body
treatments in a 4 cell bath, to reduce the
number of white blood cells in leukemia patients.
The histories of RIFEs work in the United
States and independently from him of LAKHOVSKYs
work in France concerning cancer treatment using
alternating electrical fields of various
frequencies are well described in the RIFE
Report, written by Barry LYNES and published
1987, and in LAKHOVSKYs Secret of life,
published the first time 1929.
7
Tone frequency currents, a not very precise
term introduced by KOEPPEN 1935 in his paper
Tone frequency currents in medicine, has been
changed 1944 by the German physiologist
GILDEMEISTER in Leipzig into the term middle
frequency currents (MF), defined by the
frequency range between 1 kHz and ca. 100
kHz. GILDEMEISTER and his pupil SCHWARZ,
furthermore WYSS in Zürich, investigated the very
interesting and special advantageous
physiological properties of these MF currents,
however more from the standpoint of physiology
as a theoretical field of medicine than with a
practical therapeutic view. Consequently, they
did not take into account any thoughts concerning
the effects of MF upon tumors.
8
Without any knowledge about the publications
concerning MF currents published mainly in
journals of physiology the electronic engineer
Doctor NEMEC from Austria in the late 40s up to
1952 used MF currents between 4000 and 4100 Hz
for his invention of interferential current,
realized by the company NEMECTRON as the
Nemectrodyn machine.
9
Dr. Hanna FRESENIUS, a female general
practitioner in Steinau in Hessen (Germany) was
one of the first medical doctors, who experienced
the wide range of indications of the new
equipment including pain relief in cancer
patients. Additionally she observed in the
majority of the patients not only pain relief
but additionally a general increase of their
condition, of their quality of life, in some of
the patients even an inhibition of tumor growth
or a shrinking of the tumor.
10
After several years of successful treatments of
cancer patients with these interferential
currents other medical doctors, competitors which
were not familiar with the new treatment,
suggested a damning of the new electrotherapeutic
method in cancer patients by the regionally
responsible professional instance. Dr. Hanna
FRESENIUS was not agree. She moved with her
practice to Bavaria and pursued successfully to
treat cancer patients but more secretly.
11
Convinced by the beneficial effects of
interferential currents in cancer patients
Dr.Hanna FRESENIUS initiated animal experiments
together with the University of Freiburg. She fed
two groups of rats with the carcinogeneous
butter yellow (dimethylaminoazobenzol). One
group was treated nearly everyday with
interferential current. Only the animals of the
other group developed liver tumors. In this
time I was as a neurologist, physiologist and
pharmacologist with long experiences in
biomedical engineering and biocybernetics in the
University of Karlsruhe a member of the
medical-scientific research and development
department of Nemectron in Karlsruhe, responsible
for all theoretical and practical medical
questions.
12
(No Transcript)
13
With monetary, technical and scientific support
by Nemectron and with prepared rats from Prof.
Ferdinand SCHMIDT (Institute for Preventive
Oncology of the University Heidelberg-Mannheim)
Hanna FRESENIUS started new series in rats
suffering from chemically induced subcutaneous
tumors. When the tumors were detected early
enough and the diameter of the tumor was not
larger than 8 to 10 mm, the treatments with
interferential current (carrier frequencies
around 4000 Hz) leaded to a shrinking and finally
to a disappearance of the tumors
14
Larger tumors did not disappear. They sustained
to grow, partially up to the size of apples, and
the tumors seemed to cause intensive itch
sensations. The rats injured the skin in the
region of the subcutaneous tumor and finally the
tumor itself. The initially solid tumor had
changed to a cyst filled with a fluid. The cyst
opened by the teeth of the rat collapsed, was
infected, and the rat died within hours or few
days. These kinds of animal experiments could
not be continued because of a new law concerning
the use of animals for scientific research.
15
Therefore, with financial support by the German
Ministry for Research and Technology in the
laboratories of Nemectron and 4 institutes of
the medical faculties of various universities and
scientific centers (Freiburg, Aachen, German
Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, German Nuclear
Research Center Karlsruhe) investigations
concerning the influences of middle frequency
currents were carried out with normal and various
tumor cells. In 2 doctor dissertations (M.
NOSZVAI-NAGY, Karlsruhe, 1993/94, W. PETROW,
Aachen, 1988), in lectures and papers on a
symposium in Karlsruhe, 1990, and a German Cancer
Congress in Hamburg 1994 the results were
presented.
16

• The most important results were
• Some kinds of tumor cells in vitro can be
  killed during the application of middle
  frequency currents (with frequencies in the
  lower MF range, mainly 4000 Hz) they
  suddenly disappear by destruction of their
  cell membrane. Abnormal large cells appear
  to be more sensitive. However, not all types of
  the tumor cells had the same sensitivity.
  
• MF currents can facilitate the growth of normal
  fibroblasts in dependence on the strength
  of the electric field.

17

• MF currents can influence the adenylcyclase
  resulting in changes of the intracellular cAMP
  formation, that means MF currents can have
  hormone-like effects. This corresponds with
  the results of other authors.
• MF currents can cause an increase of the number
  and the size of mitochondria.
• Alternating electric fields within the MF range
  facilitate and consequently accelerate the
  diffusion along the lines of the electric
  fields in the two opposite directions.
  This result was predictable due to physical,
  electrochemical and statistical
  considerations.

18
The cell culture research program supported by
the German government unfortunately could not be
continued because of monetary restrictions.
Additional psychological problems between the
supervisory board and the leading management of
Nemectron caused repetitive changes within the
top management team. Finally the owner of
Nemectron, the margrave of Baden, had to sale his
company. After few years the ownership changed
again.
19
My own experiences with interferential current
(MF between 4000 and 4100 Hz) as a neurologist
not an oncologist in tumor patients were
different. Some examples Tumor Result Astrocy
toma No success Glioblastoma No
success Chordoma Stop of the growth of the
tumor for many years, but not
destruction Patient was found dead in his bed
in the morning after a long evening of a
festival during his vacation in Spain.
20
Tumor Result Melanoma with metastases in the
central nervous system, earlier and larger in
the spinal cord resulting in paraplegia, Slowing
of growth later and smaller in the medulla
oblongata causing dizziness and circulatory
disturbances Not treatable In general
Significant pain relief, reduction of the
analgesic drugs, enhancement of the quality
of life, 6 months prolongation of the
survival time, life at home with his
family instead of an immediate death
under high dosages of narcotics at the
intensive care station of the
Dermatological department of the
University of Köln
21
Tumor Result The same patient suffered
since All the lipomas disappeared within his
early childhood from multiple few weeks after
the begin of the benignant tumors of the
fatty daily electrical treatments. tissue,
lipomas, disseminated to the whole body, rump
and limbs.
22
1981 THIESS DIETRICH in Heilbronn and 1994
KUKLINSKI in Rostock also reported conspicuous
beneficial however finally not healing effects in
tumor patients treated with interferential
currents. In KUKLINSKIs study a group of 37
patients received interferential current (IFC)
treatment twice per day. Modulation frequency was
scanned between 0.5 and 150 Hz. Results Partial
remissions were observed in patients with
superficial cutaneous metastases or ulcerative
mammary carcinomas (n3). Tumor progression was
lowered in 2 patients with pancreatic
carcinomas. Responses of tumors of the pulmonary
and bowel tracts were generally poor. In many
cases, a considerable reduction of
inconveniencies associated with the disease was
noted (e.g. reduction of pain, rapid improvement
of physical condition, etc.) Conclusion In order
to improve the response of malignant tumors,
particularly of deep-lying tumors, hitherto
existing parameters and strategies of
IFC-treatment seem to require revision.
23
Taking into account the fact that in cell
culture experiments and in patients the desired
effects of MF currents seemed to be dependent
on the type of the tumor, the question
arose Is the sensitivity of the special type
of tumor cells dependent on the frequency of the
MF current?
24
This was the origin of my idea to use the
modulation of the frequency in a mathematically
continual way over a wide range in accordance
with the technical and legitimate possibilities,
avoiding arbitrary irregular and to large steps
and to minimize the differences between the
theoretically optimum frequency and the really
generated frequency.
25
Additionally,the electrical, neurophysiologic
and psychophysical possibilities concerning the
intensities of the applied frequency-dependent
currents should be optimized. The distance to
local and systemic tolerance limits should be as
large as possible to maximize the therapeutic
width.
26
Since 2000 my idea of simultaneous modulation
of frequency and amplitude (SimulFAM)
adaptable tothe individual and local
frequency-dependent threshold of sensation is
realized and available until now in Europe and
Asia as HiToP, High Tone Power Therapy (MAY,
2002 and 2004).
27
The manufacturer is the company gbo, Gerätebau
Odenwald, in Rimbach, manufacturing and
distributing too still traditional low-frequency
and interferential electrotherapy units of
Siemens. The frequency is modulated in quarter
tone steps between 4096 and 32768 Hz. With 73
frequencies (tones in the high tone and low
ultrasound ranges) 3 octaves are covered. The
maximum distance to a theoretically optimum
frequency or to a frequency in an harmonic
relation to this optimum frequency is 1/8 tone
step.
28
Facts and hypothesesconcerning the causal or
symptomatic therapeutic use of currents in
oncology direct and indirect effects upon
cells, tissues and the whole organism
29
Causal therapeutic use Facts Some facts as
results of experimental studies are already
itemized in the introduction under number 1 5.
30
Hypotheses regarding inhibitory effects of
un-modulated, amplitude-modulated and
simultaneously frequency- and amplitude-modulated
middle frequency currents upon tumor
growth Direct effects of currents upon
transformed cells Changes and renormalizations
of pathological processes in tumor cells, caused
by stimulatory and multi-facilitatory
(electro-biochemical, non-stimulatory)
effects induced by electrically triggered
molecular conformation changes within the cell
membrane, that means a kind of simulation of
hormone effects, resulting in the (normalization
of) formation of intracellular second messengers,
for example cyclic AMP
31
induced by capacitively coupled effectsthrough
the cell membrane into the intracellular space
(cytosol),through the outer mitochondrial
membrane into the intermembrane space
andthrough the inner mitochondrial membrane
into the mitochondrial matrix,for
instance multi-facilitatory effects upon the
metabolism facilitation of diffusion
processes facilitation of enzymatically mediated
processes of the intracellular metabolism
32
facilitation of enzymatically mediated processes
of the intracellular metabolism, basing onthe
increase of the kinetic energy of molecules
involved in metabolic processes, lowering the
differences to the required activation
energy,the increase of the probability of the
events of the important accidental meetings
between enzyme and substrate,the increase of
the probability of the events of the important
accidental meetings between enzyme and substrate
in the correct position (according to DAFFORN
KOSHLANDA. DAFFORN D. E. KOSHLAND jr.,
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 52, 780, (1973) )
33
direct influences upon the transport mechanisms
of protons and electrons within the inner
membrane of the mitochondria preference of the
aerobic metabolic pathways instead of the
anaerobic glycolysis
34
induced by direct influence upon
theintercellular communication ("cleaning
effect" concerning ion channels including gap
junctions), resulting in partial or total
recovery of the disturbed electrical and
chemical communication between tumor cells
mutually and between tumor cells and the cells in
the adjacent tissue (one step to a
redifferentiation) partial or total recovery of
the disturbed metabolic cooperation between
tumor cells mutually and between tumor cells and
the cells in the adjacent tissue (a second step
to a redifferentiation) partial or total
recovery of the disturbed functional
coordination between tumor cells mutually and
between tumor cells and the cells in the adjacent
tissue (a third step to a redifferentiation)
35
partial or total recovery of the disturbed
probably electrically mediated control of the
target of the normal topographic-anatomical and
histological structure of the referred body
region (last step and desired main goal of
redifferentiation)
36
Over-stress of the pathologically changed
metabolism of the tumor cell, caused by
frequently generated depolarization and the
required repolarisation (stimulatory effect,
possible with supra-threshold intensities only)
37
Indirect effects Primary effects Activation of
cells of the immune system by means of sustained
depolarization (non-stimulatory effect) of the
involved cells of the immune system, causing an
increase of cell division rates of normal cells
which are able to increase their mitotic activity
if such increase is required, by means of
cyclic AMP formation (non-stimulatory
multi-facilitatory and stimulatory effect)
within the involved cells of the immune
system, by facilitation of intercellular
communication (non-stimulatory multi-facilitatory
effect)
38
by an increase of generation of natural killer
cells (NKC),observed by KUKLINSKI as a result of
stimulatory effects, probably possible with
non-stimulating currents too.
39
Enhancement of the efficacy of the activity of
the cells of the immune system in the
neighborhood of the tumor by means of the
equilibration effect upon concentration
differences normalizing the pH values.Due to
the preference of the anaerobic metabolism in
tumor cells with an increase of lactic acid
production the pH is lowered in the extracellular
space within the tumor and in its neighborhood
the lowered pH is impairing the function of the
cells of the immune system.
40
Partial or total recovery of the disturbed
communication between the asocial cells of the
tumor takes place by means of the electrochemical
shaking effect. Stimulation of the sympathetic
nervous system (by stimulatory effects) orelease
of transmitters (mainly nor-epinephrine) from
the varicosities of the sympathetic nerve endings
oreduction of inflammatory tissue changes in
the neighborhood of the tumor o activation of
receptors within the cell membranes involved in
the tumor growth inhibiting processes
41
Secondary effects The activation of cells of
the immune system could result in the following
secondary effects Increase of
phagocytosisIncrease of the release of
mediators acting as inhibitors of tumor growth
or even as tumor cell destroying agents (for
instance tumor necrosis factor)
42

• Symptomatic therapeutic use
• The symptomatic therapeutic use concerns mainly
• 1. pain relief
• edema reduction
• prevention of venous thromboses
• 4. reduction of the required dosage of pain
  relieving and other drugs with reduction of
  their side effects
• 5. inhibition of cachexia by b-mimetic effects
• 6. general enhancement of the quality of life

43
The possibilities to optimize the efficacy of
currents by variation or fixation of their
parameters in dependence on the intended
therapeutic purpose Pain reliefFive pain
relieving effects are available
1. Distribution and thinning of mediators of
pain and inflammation 2. Real
nerve block by reversible sustained partial
depolarization, plateau effect
3. Pseudo block associated with tea,
transient excitatory activity
4. Counter-irritation (GAMMON STARR, 1941)
and b -endorphin release 5.
In cases of painful swellings indirect causal
pain relief by edema reduction
44
The following parameters should be preferred1.
High intensities during blocks with higher fixed
frequencies (max. 32768 Hz) or
SimulFAM along the threshold curve, SimulFAMi2.
Maximum tolerable intensity with higher fixed
frequencies (max. 32768 Hz)3. High
intensity with higher fixed frequencies (max.
32768 Hz)4. SimulFAMX with crossing of the
threshold curve, frequency of modulation
100 Hz5. SimulFAMX with crossing of the
threshold curve, frequency of modulation 10
Hz
45
2. Edema reduction (in general) and prevention
of venous thrombosesa. caused by stimulation
of sympathetic fibersb. (in lower legs an
feet) caused by activation of the muscle
pumpc. caused by reversible sustained partial
depolarization of the smooth muscles of the
lymphatic vessels and the blood vessels,
plateau effectThe following parameters should
be preferreda. SimulFAMX with crossing of the
threshold curve, frequency of modulation 10
Hzb. SimulFAMX with crossing of the threshold
curve, frequency of modulation 0.3 Hzc.
High intensity with higher fixed frequencies
(max. 32768Hz)
46
3. - 5.The therapeutically desired
effects mentioned above concerning reduction
of drugs and their side effects, inhibition of
cachexia andgeneral enhancement of the quality
of life are present in all cases of
parameter selection. They do not require
special parameters.
47
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